U.S. Advanced and Cellulosic Ethanol Projects Under Development and Construction

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Magdalen Young
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1 Abengoa York, NE 11.6 corn stover, wheat straw, milo stubble, switchgrass and other biomass The York pilot plant has been in operation since September Hugoton, KS AE Biofuels Butte, MT Ambient Temperature Cellulose Starch Hydrolysis Bluefire Ethanol California Ethanol + Power, LLC (ce+p) Lancaster, CA Fulton, MS Imperial Valley, CA Arkenol Process Technology (Concentrated Acid Hydrolysis Technology Process) Coskata Madison, PA biological fermentation technology; proprietary microorganisms and efficient bioreactor designs in a threestep conversion process that can turn 11.6 small scale corn stover switch grass, grass seed, grass straw and corn stalks green waste, wood waste, and other cellulosic urban wastes (post-sorted municipal solid waste) 66 local Imperial Valley grown sugarcane; facility powered by sugarcane bagasse 40,000 gal/yr any carbon-based feedstock, including biomass, woody biomass, municipal solid waste, bagasse, and other agricultural waste The Hugoton plant will produce enough energy to power the biomass ethanol facility, with up to 90 MW excess being sold to the grid. Startup of the facility is expected in Pilot facility began construction in February Utilizes patent-pending ambient temperature enzymes to eliminate the up-front "cooking" process that occurs in traditional starch ethanol production. Production began on August 11, Ethanol will be produced from biorefinery facilities opportunistically constructed on or near landfills, waste collection and waste separation sites. Each facility will convert sugarcane into 66 million gallons of fuel-grade ethanol per year, 49.9 MW of electricity, 880,000 million cubic feet of biomethane, 333,000 tons of biomass, and 28,000 tons of fertilizer. Designed and constructed by Fagen, Inc., and supported by Brazilian firm Dedini Indústrias de Base. Initial facility in a county Specific Plan Area and Enterprise Zone. CE&P expects to break ground in 2Q2011 and begin operations in 2Q2013 followed by up to four additional Projects. First plant expected online at the end of According to Argonne, which analyzed Coskata s process, for every unit of energy used, it generates up to 7.7 times that amount of energy, and it reduces CO2 emissions by up to 84 percent compared with a well-to-wheel analysis of gasoline. Coskata s process uses less than a gallon of water to make a gallon of ethanol compared

2 DuPont Danisco Cellulosic Ethanol LLC (University of Tennessee/Genera Energy LLC) Vonore, TN most carbon-based feedstock into ethanol enzymatic hydrolysis technology 250,000 gal/yr switchgrass, corn stover, corn fiber and corn cobs with three gallons or more for other processes. The $25 million project will be located at the Westinghouse Plasma Center, the current site of a pilot-plant gasifier owned and operated by Westinghouse Plasma Corporation (WPC), a wholly owned subsidiary of Alter NRG Corp. The demo plant is also located with a pilot plant gasifier operated by Alter NRG. Pilot plant has initiated start-up and commissioning, and production was expected to begin in mid-january. Commercial production is scheduled to begin in Located at the Niles Ferry Industrial Park. Frontier Renewable Resources, LLC (owned by Mascoma Corporation 75% and JM Longyear LLC 25%) Kinross Township, Michigan Mascoma Consolidated Bioprocessing Technology (CBP) Initially up to 40 Mixed hardwood, pulpwood and mixed hardwood chips Visit ICM Inc. St. Joseph, MO biochemical and thermochemical processing undisclosed switchgrass, forage, sorghum, stover Project will modify its existing corn ethanol plant in St. Joseph to produce cellulosic ethanol from switchgrass and energy sorghum. The company will build a site next to its existing facility in St. Joseph that produces food, ethanol and distillers' grains from corn. Iogen Corp. TBD enzyme technology TBD agricultural residues including wheat straw, barley straw, corn stover, switchgrass and rice straw KL Process Upton, WY thermal-mechanical process 1.5 soft wood, waste wood, including cardboard and paper 2 Operating since 2004, Iogen s cellulose demonstration plant in Ottawa, Canada, converts wheat, oat, and barley straw into 3 million liters of ethanol per year (about 793,000 gallons). Iogen Corp. suspended its operations in Idaho in Demonstration scale. Operates intermittently. The plant is a culmination of development efforts between KL Process Design, the South

3 Mascoma Rome, NY Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP) New Planet Energy Vero Beach, FL INEOS Bio Ethanol process (gasification, fermentation and distillation) 0.5 lignocellulosic biomass, including switchgrass, paper sludge, and wood chips 1 st stage 8 ; 2 nd stage 21 ; 3 rd stage, 100 municipal solid waste (MSW); unrecyclable paper; Construction & Demolition debris (C&D); tree, yard and vegetative waste; and energy crops Pacific Ethanol Boardman, OR BioGasol 2.7 Wheat straw, stover, and poplar residuals Dakota School of Mines and Technology, the Wyoming Business Council and the Wyoming Department of Forestry. The plant is using ponderosa pine gathered from the Black Hills National Forest. Pilot facility built with funding assistance by NYSERDA. This facility is validating Mascoma s technology scale up for commercial production planned in Michigan for (See Frontier Renewable Resources LLC). Site preparation is expected to begin at the end of 2008, with stage 1 in operation in 2010 and stage 2 in operation in Demonstration plan will be co-located at the site of Pacific Ethanol s existing corn-based ethanol facility. POET Qteros Scotland, SD Emmetsburg, IA Chicopee, MA (adjacent to the Westover Air Force Base) BFRAC separates the corn starch from the corn germ and corn fiber, the cellulosic casing that protects the corn kernel Consolidated BioProcessing using its Q Microbe, which can directly convert almost any form of cellulose into ethanol using this naturally occurring microbe Range Fuels Inc. Soperton, GA Proprietary two-step thermo-chemical 20,000 gal/yr Small-scale pilot plant <10 (first phase); 3 corn fiber, corn cobs and corn stalks Pilot-scale facility scheduled to begin production by end of The plant in Emmetsburg, IA after expansion will produce 125 of ethanol, of which 25% will be cellulosic ethanol. The plant is expected to begin production in late corn stover, corn cobs and bagasse Ribbon-cutting ceremony held on October 9 th. woody biomass, but process is capable of using grasses and The Soperton plant is being built in phases. The annual capacity of the first phase, which is

4 University of Florida s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Buckeye Technologies Inc. Myriant Technologies LLC (formed by BioEnergy International, LLC) Verenium Verenium/BP Biofuels Perry, FL Jennings, LA Highlands County, FL conversion process permitted for 100 Myriant Technologies LLC would employ genetically modified E. coli bacteria developed by the University of Florida to convert the biomass into sugars, which would then be turned into cellulosic ethanol for automobiles and chemicals for biodegradable plastics, among other things. C5 and C6 fermentations Pilot-scale 400 gallons/day agricultural residue sugarcane bagasse, rice hulls, wood and other feedstock sugarcane bagasse and specially-bred energy cane high-fiber sugar cane scheduled to being production of cellulosic biofuels in Q is <10 of cellulosic biofuels. Myriant Technologies LLC would operate the University of Florida-owned facility. Scheduled to begin operations in late The purpose of the demonstration scale facility is to reduce scale-up risk and provide validation of cost models for Verenium s first generation of commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol facilities. ZeaChem Boardman, OR Hybrid of biochemical fermentation and thermochemical gasification. Technology uses known processes and a naturally occurring organism, is feedstock agnostic and can produce a 250,000 gal/yr poplar trees will be primary feedstock, demonstration facility will process variety of feedstocks 4 Vercipia Biofuels, a joint venture of Verenium and BP Biofuels, plans to break ground on its Highlands Ethanol project, a commercial-scale project located in south central Florida, in 2010 and begin production in ZeaChem announced start of construction November 18, 2009 and scale up results in February The demonstration facility will begin to come online by the end of 2010.

5 variety of cellulosic biofuels and biobased chemicals. 5

The Renewable Fuel Standard

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