The Wetland Biofilter System:
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- Gillian Palmer
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1 The Wetland Biofilter System: A vertical flow constructed wetland for treatment of manure compost pile leachate water
2 What is the Wetland Biofilter System? Vertical flow constructed wetland Consists of two or more cells in series Each cell: lined with PVC liner filled with root-bed media planted with cattail plants (Typha sp.)
3
4
5 Currently used for treating: Domestic sanitary sewage (26) Winery wash water (7) Greenhouse leachate (2) Landfill leachate (4) Abattoir wastewater (2) Mushroom farm leachate (3) Bakery process water (1) Liquid swine manure (1 pilot project)
6 Wastewater discharge: Regulated by the Ontario Ministry of Environment via the Ontario Water Resources Act MOE issues a Certificate of Approval that regulates quantity and quality of wastewater discharge
7 MOE Certificate of Approval: Required for all systems > 10,000 L/day Surface or groundwater discharge Generally no approval is required if there is no discharge to the environment
8 Treatment of Mushroom Farm Leachate Water Compost consists of: clean straw horse bedding material (straw & horse manure) chicken manure
9 Manure pile leachate water
10 The system: To Wetland Biofilter flow balancing pond Treated water re-use or discharge Compost pad
11 1. excavation 4' deep with sloped walls
12 2. 30 mill PVC liner installed
13 3. drain pipe and pump tank installed
14 4. filling with gravel
15 5. cell filling continues
16 6. grading of sand layer
17 7. winter manifolds installed on top of sand
18 8. covering winter manifolds with gravel
19 9. summer manifolds on surface, cattails to be planted
20 10. manifolds flooding
21 11. Cattails planted
22 12. First winter
23 13. Late summer
24 14. Spring
25
26 Important wastewater parameters: BOD5 = Biochemical Oxygen Demand The amount of organic matter in water TSS = Total Suspended Solids The amount of visible solid material floating in water Nitrogen Phosphorous
27 Performance data, Rol-land Farms Limited, Blenheim, Sept. 3, 2003 to Dec. 30, 2004 Parameter (mg/l) Wetland influent (n =13) wetland effluent (n = 13) total % reduction BOD TSS phosphorus TKN ammonia nitrate N/A E.coli (cfu/100 ml) Colour
28 Operation & maintenance: 10,000 gal / day requires one 3 cell system, each cell 30 X 30 Maintenance requirements: " check pumps weekly " change manifolds to winter & summer as required " requires 1 hr/week Operational costs: " 52 hrs/year " plus electrical costs to power pumps power usage = (115 V) (10.0 A) (8.0 hrs/day) 1000 W/kW = 9.2 kwh/day 9.2 kwh/day X 3 pumps = 27.6 kwh/day ~ $0.13/kWh = $3.58/day
29 Capital costs of construction: Dependant on size $ / litre for large systems $4-5 / litre for small systems Other considerations: Site access Access to material inputs i.e. concrete sand
30 The End
31 The Certificate of Approval Process: Pre-submission Consultation Meeting Preparation of Application Documents MOE review Construction Maintenance & monitoring
32 Pre-submission Consultation Meeting Meeting between: local MOE, technical support staff Proponent Consultant Proposal is presented MOE input concerns etc. Proposal may be altered to reflect MOE concerns
33 Preparation of Application Documents Design brief Design drawings Surface water impact assessment Groundwater impact assessment Maintenance & monitoring proposal
34 The review process: Environmental Assessment and Approvals Branch Engineering review Technical support: Impact assessments (ground water, surface water) Establish discharge objectives and/or limits Local MOE input Operation & monitoring Reporting requirements
35 The Final Certificate of Approval: Enforceable agreement between the owner & MOE Provides terms & conditions for: operation maintenance Sampling reporting
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