1. The diagram below shows a greenhouse.

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1 1. The diagram below shows a greenhouse. 5. A gradual increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide would warm Earth s because carbon dioxide is a A) poor reflector of ultraviolet radiation B) good reflector of ultraviolet radiation C) poor absorber of infrared radiation D) good absorber of infrared radiation What is the primary function of the clear glass of the greenhouse? A) The glass reduces the amount of insolation entering the greenhouse. B) The glass allows all wavelengths of radiation to enter and all wavelengths of radiation to escape. C) The glass allows short wavelengths of radiation to enter, but reduces the amount of longwavelength radiation that escapes. D) The glass allows long wavelengths of radiation to enter, but reduces the amount of shortwavelength radiation that escapes. 2. Which gas in Earth's upper is beneficial to humans because it absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation? A) water vapor B) methane C) nitrogen D) ozone 3. Which gas is considered a major greenhouse gas? A) methane B) hydrogen C) oxygen D) nitrogen 4. Why are carbon dioxide and water vapor called the greenhouse gases? A) They are found in varying amounts in Earth's. B) They are found in fixed amounts in Earth's bedrock. C) They are good reflectors of infrared radiation. D) They are good absorbers of infrared radiation.

2 6. The graph below shows changes in carbon dioxide concentrations in Earth's over a 140-year period. Carbon dioxide concentrations are shown in parts per million (ppm). This significant change in CO2 concentration is most likely caused by A) decreased cloud cover, and is predicted to decrease average global temperatures B) decreased volcanic activity, and is predicted to increase average global temperatures C) increased use of fossil fuels, and is predicted to increase average global temperatures D) increased EI Niño activity, and is predicted to decrease average global temperatures

3 7. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram and table below. The diagram shows a cross section of a solar-energy collecting system constructed as a portion of a wall of a house. It consists of an energy-absorbing surface, a clear glass covering, and air ducts through the wall into the house. The table gives the house temperatures during a spring day. No other heat source is available for the house. What is the purpose of the clear glass covering of this solar collector? A) The glass radiates infrared energy. B) The glass radiates ultraviolet energy. C) The glass allows short-wave radiation to enter and traps long-wave reradiation. D) The glass allows long-wave radiation to enter and traps short-wave reradiation.

4 8. The graph below shows the change in carbon dioxide concentration in parts per million (ppm) in Earth's from 1960 to Deforestation increases the greenhouse effect on Earth because deforestation causes the to contain A) more carbon dioxide, which absorbs infrared radiation B) less carbon dioxide, which absorbs short-wave radiation C) more oxygen, which absorbs infrared radiation D) less oxygen, which absorbs short-wave radiation The most likely cause of the overall change in the level of carbon dioxide from 1960 to 1990 is an increase in the A) number of violent storms B) number of volcanic eruptions C) use of nuclear power D) use of fossil fuels 9. Ice samples from continental glaciers provide evidence that today's contains more carbon dioxide than ancient s did. This increase concerns scientists because increased carbon dioxide may A) cause plants to grow very rapidly B) cause a loss in the amount of radiant energy from the Sun C) contribute to a gradual warming of the D) contribute to a rapid cooling of the oceans

5 11. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below which shows variations in Earth's monthly temperatures from normal Earth temperatures between January 1990 and January The addition of water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane gas to the changes Earth's climate. This change occurs primarily because these gases cause A) cooler temperatures by absorbing infrared radiation B) cooler temperatures by absorbing ultraviolet radiation C) warmer temperatures by absorbing ultraviolet radiation D) warmer temperatures by absorbing infrared radiation 12. Which two gases have been added to Earth s in large amounts and are believed to have increased global warming by absorbing infrared radiation? A) neon and argon B) chlorine and nitrogen C) hydrogen and helium D) methane and carbon dioxide 13. Which graph best shows the relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide in Earth's and the amount of infrared radiation absorbed by the. A) B) 14. Which diagram best shows how air inside a greenhouse warms as a result of energy from the Sun? A) B) C) C) D) D)

6 15. An increase in which gas in Earth s will most significantly increase global temperatures? A) methane B) oxygen C) nitrogen D) hydrogen 16. Two identical glass containers were placed in direct sunlight. The first container was filled with air and the second container was filled with a mixture of air and additional carbon dioxide. Each container was sealed with a thermometer inside. Temperatures were recorded at 2-minute intervals, as shown in the data table below. 18. The graph below represents the average yearly concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in Earth's from 1972 to Which statement best explains the results of this activity? A) Carbon dioxide is a good absorber of infrared radiation. B) Carbon dioxide causes a random reflection of energy. C) Carbon dioxide has no effect on the 's energy balance. D) Carbon dioxide converts some energy into potential energy. 17. Earth s is warmed when A) ultraviolet radiation emitted by Earth is absorbed by nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the B) x-ray radiation emitted by Earth is absorbed by nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the C) infrared radiation emitted by Earth is absorbed by carbon dioxide and water vapor in the D) gamma radiation emitted by Earth is absorbed by carbon dioxide and water vapor in the This change in CO2 concentration most likely caused A) a decrease in the average wavelength of solar radiation B) a decrease in the thickness of Earth's C) an increase in the absorption of long-wave heat radiation by Earth's D) an increase in the thickness of Earth's glaciers 19. Which graph best shows the relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide contained in Earth's and the average atmospheric temperature? A) B) C) D) 20. An increase in which gas would cause the most greenhouse warming of Earth s? A) nitrogen B) oxygen C) carbon dioxide D) hydrogen

7 21. An increase in the amount of which atmospheric gas is thought to cause global climate warming? A) oxygen B) hydrogen C) nitrogen D) carbon dioxide 22. Evidence supports the idea that increases in carbon dioxide and methane in Earth's are major contributors to global warming. This is based primarily on the fact that carbon dioxide and methane are excellent absorbers of A) gamma rays B) microwaves C) visible light D) infrared radiation 23. Which component of Earth s is classified as a greenhouse gas? A) oxygen B) carbon dioxide C) helium D) hydrogen 24. Why are some scientists concerned about an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the? A) An increase would change the decay rate of C 14. B) An increase would cause more ultraviolet energy to strike the Earth's outer. C) An increase would cause energy to flow from energy sinks to energy sources. D) An increase would cause an overall heating up of the Earth's. 25. Which diagram best represents how greenhouse gases in our trap heat energy? A) B) C) D)

8 26. Increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in Earth s increases atmospheric temperature because the carbon dioxide absorbs A) incoming solar gamma ray radiation B) incoming solar visible light radiation C) outgoing terrestrial ultraviolet radiation D) outgoing terrestrial infrared radiation