Integration von Solar thermal und photovoltaic systems in historical buildings. Henner Kerskes - ITW Elke Streicher - ITW

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1 Integration von Solar thermal und photovoltaic systems in historical buildings - ITW Elke Streicher - ITW 1

2 Solar technology and heritage protection preservation of monuments often linked to strict design guidelines and requirements of interventions into existing substance whether and how heritage protection and solar technology are comparable standard solutions often not applicable innovative solutions are required integration of solar energy systems should analysed in each individual case solutions can be found in constructive dialogue 2

3 Solar technology and heritage protection goal: achieve the highest possible level of monument protection and energy efficient buildings solar thermal and photovoltaic opened up a multitude of options for application and high quality products on- and in roof mounting for steep roofs, flat roofs, arch roofs (pliable thin film solar cells ) great variety of sizes and geometries realisable 3

4 Outline Integration of solar collectors Types of collectors Roof integration Facade integration Integration PV modules Types of PV modules Roof integration Facade integration 4

5 solar collector technology flat plate collector vakuum tube collector CPC collector 5

6 solar collector technology design of vakuum tube collector 6

7 Features/advantages of vacuum tube collectors vacuum reduces heat losses efficiency nearly independent of ambient temperature more expensive than flat plate collectors solar collector technology Source: Ritter Solar / ESTIF 7

8 solar collector technology Solar air collector 8

9 on roof mounting Installation of solar collectors 9

10 Installation of solar collectors roof integration optically more attractive solution roof tiles have to be removed pay attention to water tightness Source: Conergy AG / ESTIF 10

11 Integration of solar collectors Roof integrated flat plate collectors and roof light Quelle: VELUX / ESTIF 11

12 Integration of solar collectors Installation of vaccum tube collectors on flat roof 12

13 Integration of solar collectors Ritter Museum Waldenbuch (Germany) solar system for heating and cooling 13

14 Integration of solar collectors roof integration Quelle: English Heritage, 2008 solar collectors not visible from street 14

15 Integration of solar collectors roof integration Points of Attention: bevor installation: survey of roof construction - rafters able to carry the load (collectors, mounting setup and wind- und snow load)? provision of roof tiles possible? (damage during installation) flat roof: life time of roof cover (10-15a) some times shorter than life time of solar collectors (25-30a), rebuild installation on facade/roof limited or not allowed alternative locations should be explored 15

16 Integration of solar collectors alternative location Installation of backside of building Installation on adjacent building 16

17 Integration of solar collectors Quelle: English Heritage, 2008 Installation offside the monument 17

18 Integration of solar collectors example: Solar air collectors at castle Trebsen, Leipzig, Germany Installation offside the monument 18

19 Facade integration Global radiation of a south oriented surface with different inclination high solar radiation during heating season (low altitude) Less radiation during summer => avoid overheating well suited for solar combisystems 19

20 Integration of solar collectors Coulored collectors new design options interesting for historic buildings coloured absorber inexpensive solar coating 20

21 Integration of PV modules Types of photovoltaic cells monocristalline cells homogenous, grey surface efficiency 17% polycristalline cells marbled blue surface anti reflex pane efficiency 15% amorphous cells nontransparent, silicon evaporation deposition on support surface (glass) efficiency 8% 21

22 Integration of Photovoltaic roof integration on roof mounting Quelle: Solvis 22

23 Integration of Photovoltaic roof integration On roof installation qualified for monuments small intervention in roof substance colour of modules should fit best to roof material (tiles) interference less than possible Quelle: English Heritage,

24 Integration of Photovoltaic roof integration Nikolaikirche in Leipzig church, build in the middle ages, saddle roof, slope 60 degrees 4,8 kwp, 44 monocristalline modules (22 per row), total module area 40 m² speciality: - placement of modules less visible from the ground - colour of modules similar to slate roof inconspicuous, uniform appearance 24

25 Integration of Photovoltaic PV tiles PV modules integrated in roof tiles Quelle: English Heritage,

26 Integration of Photovoltaic PV modules integrated in roof tiles Quelle: English Heritage,

27 estate Wietow, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany: solar tiles 27

28 Integration of Photovoltaic Supporting frame PV modules mounted on supporting frame on flat roof at Crichton Castle, Scotland Quelle: English Heritage,

29 Integration of Photovoltaic 29

30 standard solution often not applicable to historical buildings individual solutions required Conclusion integration of solar energy systems must be analyzed in each individual case changes have to be planed carefully under monumental aspects show cases: solar technology can be well integrated in historic buildings => New4Old: combining climate and monumental protection! 30

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