Modeling Suspended Sediments in Dez Basin (Case Study: The Tale Zang Hydrometric Station)
|
|
- Patricia Dennis
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 International Reearch Journal of Applied and Baic Science. Vol., 3 (2), , 2012 Available online at ISSN X 2012 Modeling Supended Sediment in Dez Bain (Cae Study: The Tale Zang Hydrometric Station) Mohammad Heidarnejad 1, Ali Gholami 2 1.Department of Irrigation, Science and Reearch Branch, Ilamic Azad Univerity, Khouzetan, Iran 2.Department of Soil Science, Science and Reearch Branch, Ilamic Azad Univerity, Khouzetan, Iran Correponding author: Mohammad Heidarnejad, m.heidarnejad@khouzetan.rbiau.ac.ir ABSTRACT: The flow dicharge i alway regarded a the mot important ediment tranport factor, but practically different ediment value have been meaured for a certain value of flow dicharge, hence other factor are alo effective in ediment tranport. In thi reearch, it ha been attempted to modify the ediment rating equation through conidering factor affecting ediment tranport uch a meaurement time. For thi purpoe, the data related to flow dicharge and long-term daily ediment dicharge in Tale Zang Hydrometric tation were ued which i among the firt-cla tation contructed on Dez river. The reult of data homogeneity tet in thi tation howed that all dicharge data are homogenou with a ignificance level equal to 91.4%. Alo baed on the Kolmogorov goodne-of-fit tet, the log-normal ditribution wa elected a the bet tatitical ditribution for annual average dicharge data. Then, the data related to ediment dicharge and the daily flow dicharge were modeled in five mode, i.e. monthly, eaonal, highprecipitation and low-precipitation month, claification and without data eparation and the tatitical index known a minimum mean quare error (MSE) wa ued in order to elect the bet model. The model in which the data were eparated in a monthly manner wa introduced a the modified ediment rating equation and the amount of upended load wa etimated about 345 million of ton during the entire tatitical period, uing the monthly model. Keyword: upended load, ediment rating equation, Tale Zang, Kolmogorov, mean quare error. INTRODUCTION The edimentation i regarded a a very eriou and important natural hazard in development of countrie. The World Bank ha etimated the equivalent lot capacity of dam reervoir, only reulted by edimentation, to be 6 billion USD per year in 1999 that, of coure, will increae by contruction of more reervoir (Fan, 1999). Hence, etimation of upended load in river, which contitute the major part of ediment depoited in dam reervoir, i of paramount importance. The upended load refer to ediment that remain in upended tate for a coniderable period of time due to upward component of turbulent flow (Kuchakzadeh et.al, 2000). In other word, when the aggregate i urrounded by fluid, there i alway a tendency of being depoited for the oil due to it weight, but the hydraulic factor like the velocity hinder thi phenomenon. The firt phyical model of upended ediment wa introduced by Dupuit in Forchheimer offered an equation for upended ediment uing the ubtrate ediment theory and a light modification (Najmaei, 1989). Nowaday, variou method have alo been made common in order to etimate the upended load. In our country, determination of upended ediment load i motly done uing meaurement performed in hydrometric tation, o that the dicharge meaurement i performed imultaneouly with ediment ampling and thee ample are then tranported to local or central laboratorie and are ubjected to vicometer meaurement and baed on the reult obtained from thi vicometry, one can provide the dicharge-ediment curve and obtain the amount of upended olid
2 particle for different time period (like an annual bai). It hould be noted that the tatitic employed i related to the long-term period, otherwie there would be high diperion in dicharge-ediment curve (Majedi and Zaker,1998). The relation that one can etablih between ediment dicharge and flow dicharge i a follow (Shafai, 1998): b (1) = a W In which: = ediment dicharge, uually in term of ton per day. w = flow dicharge, uually in term of m 3 /. And a, b are equation coefficient. In fact, by meauring the flow dicharge, ampling the depoited particle and experimental vicometry and preparing different curve and related calculation, one can find out the value of water and ediment croing the ediment meaurement tation over long period of time. adimi and oddoui (1998) analyzed the upended ediment of diolved material in Namak Lake (Perian for Salt Lake) bain and found out that the exponential equation model i the bet type of regreion relation between data of flow dicharge and correponding data related to upended ediment dicharge in that bain. Horowitz (2002) addreed the prediction of upended load in the Miiippi river uing ediment rating curve and found out that the ediment rating curve can be ued for bet evaluation of annual ediment load in a 20-year period. Eder et al. (2010) addreed the tudy of upended ediment load regarding hyterei effect and found out that ome parameter uch a rainfall amount, water percentage of oil and maximum rainfall intenity are affective on upended ediment load. Carlo et al (2011) invetigated the bain cale and it effect on upended ediment load. Their reult howed that there i a direct relationhip between bain urface area and the ediment amount. In thi reearch, it ha been attempted to modify Equation (1) uing flow dicharge and long-term daily ediment dicharge (48 year), while conidering the factor affecting ediment tranport uch a meaurement time, and etimating the upended ediment load in Tale Zang hydrometric tation uing the modified equation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The bain area of the Dez river i geographically retricted between 10 o 48 ' to 21 o 50 ' eat longitude and 31 o 34 ' to 34 o 7 ' north latitude. Total urface area of the bain amount to km 2 and it perimeter i equal to 900 km. Thi bain i located on outhwetern lope of Zagro Mountain and it land uually have a teep lope and for thi reaon and becaue of interference of other factor like human activitie, irregular and uninterrupted grazing (continuou cut down of tree), the iue of eroion and ediment play effective role. The hydrometric and ediment meaurement tation in the entrance of the Dez dam known a the Tale Zang tation i among the firt-cla tation contructed on the Dez river. Thi tation i 20 km far from the dam location. The bain urface area i km 2 in the poition of the tation. The meaurement of water dicharge in thi tation have been tarted ince 1334 and the annual mean dicharge i m 3 /(Minitry of Energy, 1996). In order to modify the ediment rating equation in the Tale zang hydrometric tation and before any action with regard to analyzing the tatitic of ediment dicharge and daily current, it i neceary to inure for quality and homogeneity of data. Therefore, the oftware TH wa employed for teting the data homogeneity which include an advanced verion of Smirnov- Kolgomorov method and i baed on comparing experimental ditribution performance in two ection of a ample. Alo, the Kolmogorov goodne-of-fit tet wa performed uing thi oftware in order to elect the bet tatitical ditribution for dicharge data. Then, regarding the error in the ediment rating equation (Equation (1)), thi equation wa modified through conidering factor affecting ediment tranport like meaurement time and flow dicharge, o that the ediment dicharge and daily dicharge data were modeled in 5 mode, i.e. without data eparation (Model A), monthly eparation (Model B), eaonal eparation (Model C), high-precipitation and low-precipitation month (Model D) and claification (Model E). 403
3 In the above tate, high-precipitation and low-precipitation month are referred to thoe month whoe average monthly dicharge are larger than or equal to average annual dicharge and lower than it, repectively. Alo in the claification model, data eparation were conducted in three range, i.e. lower than annual average dicharge (cla 1), between the average and twice a much (cla 2) and higher than twice the annual average dicharge (cla 3). Then, the regreion relationhip wa etablihed between correponding data of water dicharge and upended ediment dicharge baed on the invetigated model, and then the coefficient of ediment b,a ) were obtained (which are the ditance between the interection of the bet fitting rating equation ( line with vertical axi and origin and the lope of the bet fitting line on the logarithmic paper, repectively) and the ediment rating equation wa obtained for different model. Moreover, in order to elect the mot uitable model, the tatitical characteritic minimum mean quare error(mse) wa employed uing the below equation and the oftware MINITAB: = ( log io log ) SSE ic (2) SSE MSE = (3) DF (4) R= ( log i log )( log wi log w) 2 ( log i log ) ( log wi log w) In above equation: SSE= um of quared error, MSE= mean quared error, R= Correlation coefficient, io = calculated upended ediment dicharge, wi = meaured flow dicharge, w = average meaured dicharge, = average meaured upended load, DF = degree of freedom. Finally, uing the modified model and regarding the daily flow dicharge, the amount of upended load wa etimated during the entire deired tatitical period in the Tale Zang hydrometric tation. RESULTS The reult obtained from data homogeneity tet in the Tale Zang hydrometric tation how that the data related to average daily dicharge are homogeneou with a ignificance level equal to 91.4% (Figure 1). Alo, uing the Kolmogorov goodne-of-fit tet, the log-normal ditribution i the bet tatitical ditribution for average annual dicharge data whoe obtained reult i hown in Figure 2. In thi diagram, Pf repreent the probability of fitting index. The ummary of deired equation from invetigated model in the Tale Zang hydrometric tation i hown in Table 1. Alo by ubtituting the daily dicharge into equation of the monthly elected model, the amount of upended load during the entire tatitical period under tudy, wa etimated equal to 345 million of ton. Alo, the ediment rating curve for the entire year i hown in Figure
4 Figure 1: The reult of homogeneity tet for data related to flow dicharge in the Tale Zang tation Figure 2: The reult of fitting tet for tatitical ditribution in the Tale Zang tation 405
5 (ton/day) y = x R 2 = w (m 3 /ec) M O D E A Figure 3: The ediment rating curve for the entire year in the Tale Zang tation Table 1- Summary of parameter conidered from invetigated model in the Tale Zang tation Separation of data Time of meaureme nt All year Claificatio n of rate All clae of rate clae All clae of rate DF 361 a b R (%) 94 SS E MS E March April May June B July Augut September October November December January February Spring Summer All clae C Fall of rate Winter High water All clae D month of rate Low water month Cla E All year Cla2 Cla = Sum of quared error= SSE, correlation coefficient= R, ediment rating equation= ( of freedom= DF, mean quare error for each model= (MSE) m, mean quared error=mse 0.08 b a w ( )m MS E ), degree 406
6 CONCLUSIONS The reult obtained how that the coefficient of the ediment rating equation i a function of elected model and the quality of data eparation. The relationhip between upended ediment and dicharge i of direct type and the amount of upended ediment alo increae with increae of dicharge. Regarding the minimum mean quare error criterion over which the difference between ediment tranport function and the meaured data reache a minimum, model B wa introduced a the modified ediment tranport model in the Tale Zang hydrometric tation in which the data eparation i conidered a monthly. In fact thi model i highly in accordance with the effect of climate factor (uch a rainfall) and hydrological factor (uch a runway) which appear in data eparation in a monthly manner. In contrat, the model in which no data eparation ha been performed ha the highet error value in etimating the upended load which agree with the reult of Moaedi in Atrak bain (reference(moaedi, 1998)). Alo, regarding the more uitable reult of the monthly model in thi reearch, it i uggeted to tudy thi model in ome other hydrometric tation with different climate condition in order to make the reult more reliable. REFRENCES Fan SS (1999) An overview of three edimentation tudie in the US, n: Jayawardena, A. W., J. H. W. Lee, and Z. Y. Wang(ed). River Sedimentation Theory and Application. alkema, otterdam, PP Kuchakzadeh S and Yuefi K (2000) Theory and application of ediment tranport, Univerity of Tehran pre, 446 P. Najmaei M (1989) Engineering hydrology, econd volume, IUST publication, 608 P. Majedi M, Zaker H (1998) Method of ediment meaurement and dicharge of ediment from reervoir dam, proceeding of 4 th workhop of profeional committee in dam hydraulic, 19 P. Shafai Bajetan M (1998) Hydraulic of ediment, Shahid Chamran Univerity of Ahvaz, 470 P. adimi F and Sobhani A (1998) Determining the tatitical ditribution pattern for upended ediment of Namak Lake bain, Reearch and Contruction, No. 44, PP Horowitz A J (2002) The ue of rating (tranport) curve to predict upended ediment concentration: a matter of temporal reolution. Turbidity and other ediment urrogate workhop,u.s.geological Survey, 7P. Eder A, Strau P, Krueger T, uinton J N (2010) Journal of hydrology, 389( ), Elevier. Carlo Gonzalez J, Ramon J, Batalla A (2011) Journal of CATENA. No. 6. Elevier. Minitry of Energy (1996) Sedimentology and ediment meaurement of the Dez dam, Tehran Reearch and Study Center of Water Reource, 86 P. Moaedi A (1998) Hydrological izing of edimenting reervoir ytem for irrigation and water upply. Ph.D. Thei. Technical univerity of Budapet. Hungary, 101 P. 407
Equilibrium Sediment Transport and Evolution Trend Simulation of the Lower Yellow River
Senor & Tranducer, Vol. 21, Special Iue, May 213, pp. 135-141 Senor & Tranducer 213 by IFSA http://www.enorportal.com Equilibrium Sediment Tranport and Evolution Trend Simulation of the Lower Yellow River
More informationEnhanced Biofilter Treatment of Urban Stormwater by Optimizing the Hydraulic Residence Time in the Media
Enhanced Biofilter Treatment of Urban Stormwater by Optimizing the Hydraulic Reidence Time in the Media Redahegn Silehi 1, Robert Pitt 2 and Shirley Clark 3 1 Graduate tudent, Dept. of Civil, Contruction,
More informationThe research of simplified method of calculating wind and rain loads and its validation
The reearch of implified method of calculating wind and rain load and it validation Xing FU 1) and Hong-Nan LI 2) 1), 2) Faculty of Infratructure Engineering, Dalian Univerity of Technology, Dalian 116024,
More informationManagement Science Letters
Management Science Letter 2 (202) 247 252 Content lit available at GrowingScience Management Science Letter homepage: www.growingscience.com/ml An empirical tudy to meaure the impact of loan aignment for
More informationStatistical Analysis on Multivariate Expressway Time Series Traffic Under the Different Toll Policies
Aian Tranport Studie, Volume 2, Iue (213), 11-2 213 ATS All right reerved Statitical Analyi on Multivariate Expreway Time Serie Traffic Under the Different Toll Policie Makoto TSUKAI a, Shinichi INOUE
More informationThe Use of Swimmer Bars as Shear Reinforcement in Reinforced Concrete Beam
American Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 6 (1): 87-94, 2013 ISSN: 1941-7020 2014 M. Al-Nara et al., Thi open acce article i ditributed under a Creative Common Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 licene
More informationManagement Science Letters
Management Science Letter 2 (2012) 3049 3054 Content lit available at GrowingScience Management Science Letter homepage: www.growingscience.com/ml Identification and prioritization of hazardou material
More informationStudy on Variable Action Value Standard for Harbor Infrastructures
4 th International Conference on the Durability of Concrete Structure 24 26 July 2014 Purdue Univerity, Wet Lafayette, IN, USA Study on Variable Action Value Standard for Harbor Infratructure Xiaoping
More informationEstablishment and evaluation of operation function model for cascade hydropower station
Water Science and Engineering, 2010, 3(4):443-453 doi:10.3882/j.in.1674-2370.2010.04.007 http://www.waterjournal.cn e-mail: we2008@vip.163.com Etablihment and evaluation o operation unction model or cacade
More informationModeling Liquid Phase Sintering of Hard metal powder compacts
ing Liquid Phae Sintering of Hard metal powder compact Shama Shamaundar *, Maheha Siddegowda*, Pavanachand Chigurupati**, Rengarajan Raghavan***, Rameh Rao. S. *** * ProSIM AFTC # 326, 8th Main, III Stage,
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 8,August ISSN
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Reearch, Volume 5, Iue 8,Augut-2014 310 Seimic Behavior of Concrete Column and Beam Reinforced with Interlocking Spiral Ioanni A. Tego, Theodoro A. Chryanidi,
More informationLand-Surface Models, Page 1
Land-Surface Model Introduction A land-urface model mut be able to accurately depict the interaction of the atmophere with the underlying urface land a well a the interaction of the ub-urface, or ubtrate,
More informationChallenges of Developing ISO Sampling Standards
Challenge of Developing ISO Sampling Standard Ralph Holme CSIRO Mineral Down Under Flaghip Chair ISO/TC 10/SC 1 Sampling Iron Ore Chair ISO/TC 7/SC 4 Sampling Coal and Coke Convenor ISO/TC 183/WG 9 Sampling
More informationCarrier-Gas Enhanced Atmospheric Pressure Desalination (Dewvaporation): Economic Analysis and Comparison to Reverse Osmosis and Thermal Evaporation
Carrier-Ga Enhanced Atmopheric Preure Dealination (Dewvaporation): Economic Analyi and Comparion to Revere Omoi and Thermal Evaporation Noah Abba and Kehinde Adeoye Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Univerity
More informationBELIEF PROPAGATION REVEALS ALLOSTERIC MECHANISMS IN PROTEINS
BELIEF PROPAGATION REVEALS ALLOSTERIC MECHANISMS IN PROTEINS Hetunandan Kamietty Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon Univerity, Pittburgh, PA 15213, USA Email: hetu@c.cmu.edu Arvind Ramanathan
More informationPREDICTION OF MONTHLY AVERAGE RIVER DISCHARGE USING GENE EXPRESSION PROGRAMMING
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Iue 9, September 2017, pp. 993 1001, Article ID: IJCIET_08_09_110 Available online at http://http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/iue.ap?jtype=ijciet&vtype=8&itype=9
More informationScaling of supersaturation by a simple test
Permafrot, Phillip, pringman & Arenon (ed) 2003 et & Zeitlinger, Lie, IBN 90 5809 582 7 caling of uperaturation by a imple tet M. Dyli oil Mechanic Laboratory of the i Federal Intitute of Technology, Lauanne,
More informationAbstract. 1 Introduction
Automatic conflict detection and reolution in metrorail ytem: evaluation approach for MARCO EU project G.F. D'Addio, M. Mazzucchelli, S. Savio Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Univerita di Genova,
More information3.4 BUTT FUSION WELDING
3.4 BUTT FUSION 3.4.1 INTRODUCTION The butt welding proce conit of the joining of two component (pipe and/or fitting) of equal diameter and thickne in which the urface to be welded are heated until melting
More informationGMACE Pilot #4: Adjusting the National Reliability Input Data
INTERBULL BULLETIN NO. 48. Berlin, Germany, May 20 21, 2014 GMACE Pilot #4: Adjuting the National Reliability Input Data P. G. Sullivan 1 and J. H. Jakoben 2 1 Canadian Dairy Network, Guelph, ON, Canada
More informationThe Role of Infrastructure in Mitigating Poverty Dynamics
Impact Aement of Infratructure Project on Poverty Reduction The Role of Infratructure in Mitigating Poverty Dynamic A Cae Study of an Irrigation Project in Sri Lanka Yauyuki Sawada Maahiro Shoji Shinya
More information4 Farmer Perceptions of the Biophysical
4 Farmer Perception of the Biophyical Contraint to Rice Production in Sub-Saharan Africa, and Potential Impact of Reearch Aliou Diagne,* Didier Y. Alia, Eyram Amovin-Aagba, Marco C.S. Woperei, Kazuki Saito
More informationResearch and Development of Condensate Water Fined Processing Control System Based on FCS
Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 9 (2015) 673-678 doi: 10.17265/1934-8975/2015.07.009 D DAVID PUBLISHING Reearch and Development of Condenate Water Fined Proceing Control Sytem Baed on FCS Cheng
More informationOPTIMIZATION OF ALUMINIUM BLANK SAND CASTING PROCESS BY USING TAGUCHI S ROBUST DESIGN METHOD
International Journal for Quality reearch UDK 669.76 Original Scientific Paper (.0) OPTIMIZATION OF ALUMINIUM BLANK SAND CASTING PROCESS BY USING TAGUCHI S ROBUST DESIGN METHOD Mekonnen Liben Nekere )
More informationTHE POTENTIAL AND COST OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGRICULTURAL SOIL; EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DYNAMIC MODEL IN THE MIDWESTERN U.S.
THE POTENTIAL AND COST OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGRICULTURAL SOIL; EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DYNAMIC MODEL IN THE MIDWESTERN U.S. DISSERTATION Preented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree
More informationKeywords: ILSS, Flexural Strength, Hybrid Polymer Composite, Curing, Epoxy Resin 5052, Vacuum Bagging.
American International Journal Reearch in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematic Available online at http://www.iair.net ISSN (Print): 2328-3491, ISSN (Online): 2328-3580, ISSN (CD-ROM): 2328-3629
More informationPollution prevention with chemical process simulators: the generalized waste reduction (WAR) algorithm full version
Computer and Chemical Engineering 23 (1999) 623 634 Pollution prevention with chemical proce imulator: the generalized wate reduction (WAR) algorithm full verion Heriberto Cabeza *, Jane C. Bare, Subir
More informationFuzzy Decision Approach Based on QFD and FWA for Selection of Medical Suppliers
, July 1-3, 2015, ondon,.k. Fuzzy Deciion Approach Baed on QFD and FWA for Selection of Medical Supplier Mehtap Durun and E. Ertugrul Karak Abtract The objective of thi paper i to develop a fuzzy multi-criteria
More informationItem Aggregates and Price Elasticity
Seoul Journal of Buine Volume 16, Number 1 (June 2010) Item Aggregate and Price Elaticity INSEONG SONG *1) Seoul National Univerity Seoul, Korea Abtract Thi tudy provide analytical reult on the ytematic
More informationSINCE the 1960s, conceptual models are in use to facilitate
IEEE TRNSTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MN, ND YBERNETIS PRT Study into the Factor that Influence the Undertandability of Buine Proce Model Hajo. Reijer and Jan Mendling btract Buine proce model are key artifact in
More informationSoftware Reverse Engineering Tool for Object Oriented Programming
Software Revere Engineering Tool for Object Oriented Programming D.M.Thakore Department of Computer Engineering Bharati vidyapeeth Deemed Univerity College of Engineering, Pune-43, Maharahtra, India S.J.Sarde
More informationMARINE HEALTH, SAFETY, QUALITY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Guide for Marine Health, Safety, Quality and Environmental Management GUIDE FOR MARINE HEALTH, SAFETY, QUALITY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AUGUST 2009 (Updated November 2010 ee next page) American Bureau
More informationA Morphing Extrusion Die for Manufacturing of Thermoplastic Hoses THESIS
A Morphing Extruion Die for Manufacturing of Thermoplatic Hoe THESIS Preented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Mater of Science in the raduate School of The Ohio State Univerity
More informationEffectiveness and Exergy Destruction Analysis of Evaporator in Organic Rankine Cycle
Effectivene and Exergy Detruction Analyi of Evaporator in Organic Rankine Cycle Kyoung Hoon Kim, and Chul Ho Han Abtract---Thi paper carrie out a performance analyi baed on the firt and econd law of thermodynamic
More informationAGRON 183: Photosynthesis
AGRON 183: Photoynthei Dr. Brian Hornbuckle December 1, 2016 Introduction I think I can afely ay that every agronomit i aware of the proce of photoynthei, a decribed by the following chemical equation.
More informationExergy Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle with Internal Heat Exchanger
International Journal of Material, Mechanic and Manufacturing, Vol. 1, No. 1, February 21 Exergy Analyi of Organic Rankine Cycle with Internal Heat Exchanger Kyoung Hoon Kim, Hyung Jong Ko, and Se Woong
More information6/6/2012. HR Training and Development. Content. Training: concept. Training: concept. Training: concept. Training and Development: Concept
HR Training and Development UNIT 5 Content Concept and need of HR training and development Training need aement HR training: objective and method (on-the-job and off-the-job). Evaluation of training program
More informationModeling and Simulation of A Laser Deposition Process
Modeling and Simulation of A Laer Depoition Proce rank Liou*, Zhiqiang an*, Heng Pan*, Kevin Slattery**, Mary Kinella+, Joeph Newkirk*, and Hin-Nan Chou** *Univerity of Miouri Rolla, Rolla, MO, 65409 **
More informationParticipation, Growth and Social Poverty: Social Capital in a Homogeneous
The Open Economic Journal, 2008,, -3 Open Acce Participation, Growth and Social Poverty: Social Capital in a Homogeneou Society Angelo Antoci *,, Pier Luigi Sacco 2 and Paolo Vanin 3 DEIR, Univerity of
More information(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/ A1
US 20030204424A1 (19) United State (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/0204424 A1 Koller et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 30, 2003 (54) MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES (52) U.S. Cl.... 705/7
More informationM A S O N R Y. Revised Spring Engineering Notes For Design With Concrete Block Masonry
A S O N R Y Revied Spring 007 Engineering Note For Deign With Concrete Block aonry C H R O N I C L E S To rectify the ituation, the Spring 007 article i being reiued. We apologize for any inconvenience
More informationOnline Music Ranking Service: Ranking Mechanism Based on Popularity and Slot Effect
Aociation for Information Sytem AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) PACIS 00 Proceeding Pacific Aia Conference on Information Sytem (PACIS) 00 Online Muic Ranking Service: Ranking Mechanim Baed on Popularity
More informationMaintaining ISO Compliance in Automated Procedures
Maintaining ISO 1705 Compliance in Automated Procedure Preenter & Author: Jorge Martin Fluke Corporation PO 9090 M/S 6-30 Everett, WA, USA 9806 Phone: (45) 446 6477; Fax: (45) 446 6390 Email: jmartin@flukecom
More informationThe Arcor/Bagley Merger and the Argentine Biscuit Market: Price Increases vs. Cost Reductions
The rcor/agley Merger and the rgentine icuit Market: rice Increae v. Cot Reduction Germán Coloma* Thi paper analyze the behavior of the rgentine bicuit market during 2003-06 to find out whether any important
More informationBachelor End Project: Characterization of the constitutive behavior of polymer foams
Bachelor End Project: Characterization of the contitutive behavior of polymer foam R. van Eijden MT 05.27 Coach: Dr. ir. J.A.W. van Dommelen Eindhoven, April 21t 2005 Content Content Abtract Lit of ymbol
More informationA new method for shear bond strength measurement
A new method for hear bond trength meaurement KAUSTUBH JOSHI 1, WARREN BATCHELOR, IAN PARKER, LOI NGUYEN 4 1 RESEARCH STUDENT, SENIOR LECTURER, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 4 SENIOR LECTURER Autralian Pulp and
More informationStrategic decision making under climate change: a case study on Lake Maggiore water system
doi:10.5194/piah-364-532-2014 532 Eoling Water Reource Sytem: Undertanding, Predicting and Managing Water Society Interaction Proceeding of ICWRS2014, Bologna, Italy, June 2014 (IAHS Publ. 364, 2014).
More informationDynamic compressive and splitting tensile tests on mortar using split Hopkinson pressure bar technique
730 Dynamic compreive and plitting tenile tet on mortar uing plit Hopkinon preure bar technique Abtract Dynamic compreive and tenile propertie of mortar under impact loading were invetigated experimentally
More informationS T A N D A R D. ASAE EP496.3 FEB2006 Agricultural Machinery Management
SE EP496.3 FEB2006 gricultural Machinery Management S T N D R D SBE i a profeional and technical organization, of member worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural,
More informationCHAPTER 12 METHANE References
CHAPTER 1 METHANE 1.1. OVERVIEW AND ADDITIONAL PROPERTIES OF METHANE... 1.. THE RETENTION AND RELEASE OF METHANE IN COAL...3 1..1. Ga retention in coal... 3 1... The releae of methane from coal... 7 1...1.
More informationFIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS OF CONCRETE MASONRY ASSEMBLIES. TEK 7-1C Fire Resistance (2009) Related TEK: 2-6, 5-8B, 7-6A
n information erie from the national authority on concrete maonry technology FIRE RESISTNCE RTINGS OF CONCRETE MSONRY SSEMBLIES TEK 7-C Fire Reitance (009) INTRODUCTION Concrete maonry i widely pecifi
More informationTom-Reiel Heggedal and Karl Jacobsen
Dicuion Paper No. 536, April 2008 Statitic Norway, Reearch Department Tom-Reiel eggedal and Karl Jacoben Timing of innovation policie when carbon emiion are retricted: an applied general equilibrium analyi
More informationEffect of Cobalt Doping on Physical Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles
CPUH-Reearch Journal: 06, (), 47-5 ISSN (nline): 455-6076 http://www.cpuh.in/academic/academic_journal.php Effect of Cobalt oping on Phyical Propertie of Zn Nanoparticle Neha Sharma, Shaveta Thakur, Ruchita
More informationApplication of the standard porosimetry method for nanomaterials. Y.M. Volfkovich and A.V. Sakars*
292 Int. J. Nanotechnology, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2005 Application of the tandard poroimetry method for nanomaterial Y.M. Volfkovich and A.V. Sakar* Porotech Ltd., 100 Cater Avenue, Vaughan, L4L 5Y9 Ontario,
More informationThe Regional Economics Applications Laboratory (REAL) of the University of Illinois focuses on the development and use of analytical models for urban
The Regional Economic Application Laboratory (REAL) of the Univerity of Illinoi focue on the development and ue of analytical model for urban and regional economic development. The purpoe of the Dicuion
More informationSERBIATRIB th International Conference on Tribology. Kragujevac, Serbia, May 2011
Serbian Tribology Society SERBIATRIB th International Conference on Tribology Kragujevac, Serbia, 3 May 0 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Kragujevac INHOMOGENITIES OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION SERRATIONS
More informationHabitat Evaluation Procedures. Habitat Evaluation Procedures. Habitat Evaluation Procedures. Habitat Evaluation Procedures
969-976 an enlightened Congre pae conervation legilation Affecting management of fih & ldlife reource NEPA (National Environmental Policy Act ESA Foret & Rangeland Renewable Reource Planning Act Federal
More informationSouthern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit
Southern Africa Labour and Development Reearch Unit Entrepreneurhip and the Buine Environment in Africa: An Application to Ethiopia by Zuzana Brixiová and Mthuli Ncube Working Paper Serie Number 146 About
More informationModel of Integrated Production and Delivery Batch Scheduling Under JIT Environment to Minimize Inventory Cost
Proceeding of the 2014 International Conference on Indutrial Engineering and Operation Management Bali, Indoneia, January 7 9, 2014 Model of Integrated Production and Delivery Batch Scheduling Under JIT
More informationLOCALITY IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN SOCIAL AND HEALTH CARE SECTOR CASE STUDY
LOCALITY IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN SOCIAL AND HEALTH CARE SECTOR CASE STUDY Martti Saarela Univerity of Oulu, Finland martti.aarela@oulu.fi Eija-Riitta Niinikoki Univerity of Oulu, Finland eija-riitta.niinikoki@oulu.fi
More informationThe Relationship between Tourism and Environmental Performance: The Case of Caspian Sea Nations
Iranian Journal of Economic Studie Vol. 4, No. 2, Fall 2015, 51-80 The Relationhip between Tourim and Environmental Performance: The Cae of Capian Sea Nation Saeed Raekhi Department of Economic, Faculty
More informationConcept of Heat Recovery from Exhaust Gases
IOP Conference Serie: Material Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Concept of Heat Recovery from Exhaut Gae To cite thi article: Maria Bukowka et al 2017 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 245 052057
More informationCANOPY TRANSPIRATION RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATIONS IN PLATYCLADUS ORIENTALIS: PROPERTIES AND MODELLING
Pak. J. Bot., 44(2): 541-545, 2012. CANOPY TRANSPIRATION RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATIONS IN PLATYCLADUS ORIENTALIS: PROPERTIES AND MODELLING LEI HAN 1,2, KANGNING HE 2*, XINGBO HU 2 AND DONG ZHANG
More informationAs companies outsource more product design and manufacturing activities to other members of the supply
MANAGEMEN SCIENCE Vol. 55, No. 7, July 2009, pp. 1122 1138 in 0025-1909 ein 1526-5501 09 5507 1122 inform doi 10.1287/mnc.1090.1008 2009 INFORMS Quality Improvement Incentive and Product Recall Cot Sharing
More informationWHICH CAME FIRST, LAWS OR LOBBYISTS? AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND INTEREST GROUP FORMATION. Bryan James Leonard
WHICH CAME FIRST, LAWS OR LOBBYISTS? AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND INTEREST GROUP FORMATION. by Bryan Jame Leonard A thei ubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement
More informationAb initio modelling of Y O cluster formation in g-fe lattice
Phy. Statu Solidi B 253, No. 11, 2136 2143 (2016) / DOI 10.1002/pb.201600472 Ab initio modelling of Y O cluter formation in g-fe lattice phyica tatu olidi baic olid tate phyic Alekej Gopejenko *,1, Yuri
More informationMinimization of exergy losses in combustion processes with an illustration of a membrane combustion
Minimization of exergy loe in combution procee with an illutration of a membrane combution Markku J. Lampinen*, Ralf Wikten, Arto Sarvi, Kari Saari and Marjut Penttinen Aalto Univerity, Department of Energy
More informationSIMULATION OF THE GAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF EDFA
SIMUTIO OF THE GI CHRCTERISTICS OF EDF guyen Hong Suong and Pham Quoc Ho Deartment of Telecommunication, Pot and Telecommunication Intitute of Technology (PTIT), Ho Chi Mh City, Vietnam BSTRCT In thi tudy,
More informationAN INTEGRATED SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION APPROACH FOR SEASIDE TERMINAL OPERATIONS
AN INTEGRATED IMULATION AND OTIMIZATION AROACH FOR EAIDE TERMINAL OERATION Daniela Ambroino Elena Tànfani Department of Economic and Quantitative Method (DIEM) Univerity of Genova Via Vivaldi 5, 16126,
More informationEvaluation of Tests To Assess Stripping Potential of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures
18 TRASPORTATIO RESEARCH RECORD 1171 Evaluation of Tet To Ae Stripping Potential of Aphalt Concrete Mixture FRAZIER PARKER JR., AD FouAD A. GHARAYBEH Stre pedetal, boll, and Indirect tenile tet were evaluated
More informationSoil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering
SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL Potal Correpondence Coure GATE, IES & PSU Civil Engineering Soil Mechanic & Foundation Engineering 28-B/7, Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Kha, Ne Delhi-110016. Ph. 011-26514888..engineerintitute.com
More informationarxiv: v2 [physics.soc-ph] 8 Oct 2009
Human group formation in online guild and offline gang driven by common team dynamic arxiv:082.2299v2 [phyic.oc-ph] 8 Oct 2009 Neil F. Johnon, Chen Xu 2,3, Zhenyuan Zhao, Nicola Ducheneaut 4, Nichola Yee
More informationResearch Article. Hydration process study on the alkali-activated slag cementing materials
Available online wwwjocprcom Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Reearch,, ():88 Reearch Article ISSN : 975738 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Hydration proce tudy on the alkaliactivated lag cementing material
More informationSimulation of Continuous Bio-Reactor
Proceeding of he 5 th nnual International Conference Syiah Kuala Univerity (IC Unyiah) 205 In conjunction with he 8 th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on Science and pplication (ChES)
More informationConcentration profiles of gold inside activated carbon during adsorption
Concentration profile of gold inide activated carbon during adorption by N.M. Vegter*, R.F. Sandenbergh*, and A.J. Botha Synopi The gold concentration profile which develop inide the activated carbon particle
More informationY. T. Puyate* and Z. R. Yelebe**
Y. T. Puyate, Z. R. Yelebe / International Journal of Engineering Reearch and Application (IJERA) ISSN: 48-96 www.ijera.com Vol., Iue 6, November- December 1, pp.93-911 Etimation Of Monod Kinetic Parameter
More informationAnalysis of Disk AC MHD Generator Performance by Finite Element Method
J. Plaa Fuion Re. SERIES, Vol. 9 () Analyi o Dik AC MHD Generator Perorance by Finite Eleent Method Pattana INTANI, Toru SASAKI, Takahi KIKCHI and Nob.HARADA Departent o Electrical Engineering, Nagaoka
More informationPolycaprolactone Foam for Scaffold Development
STR/4/6/FT Polycaprolactone Foam for Scaffold Development B. Y. Tay, M. H. Myint and F. L. Ng Abtract The tudy invetigate the proceing of biodegradable porou caffold of polycaprolactone (PCL). A commercially
More informationCerámica y Vidrio A R T I C U L O
B O L E T I N D E L A S O C I E D A D E S P A Ñ O L A D E Cerámica y Vidrio A R T I C U L O A view on organic binder effect on technical propertie of ceramic Rachig ring Y. BEYGI KHOSROWSHAHI, A. SALEM
More informationGas Processing Expander
Expander Operated Ga Proceing April, 2015 Ga Proceing Expander Colder Proce Temperature and Maximized Compreor Uptime with Helidyne Expander Skid. Specification: Flowrate 1-10 mmcfd Max. Preure 1,440 pi
More informationTD 1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS
TD 1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS TD 1.1 Denity of liquid water i r = _ 1008 - T 2 i / m with T in c C. If the temperature increae 10c C, how much will be the change in per meter depth of water?
More informationInt. J. Production Economics
Int. J. Production Economic 139 (212) 351 358 Content lit available at SciVere ScienceDirect Int. J. Production Economic journal homepage: www.elevier.com/locate/ijpe Dynamic inventory rationing for ytem
More informationApplication Of Single Blow Technique For Heat Transfer Measurement In Packed Bed Of Vegetables
Purdue Univerity Purdue e-pub International Rerigeration and Air Conditioning Conerence School o Mechanical Engineering 2016 Application O Single Blow Technique For Heat Traner Meaurement In Packed Bed
More informationCOMBUSTION HEAT RELEASE RATE CALCULATIONS
computation of Net Heat Releae Rate analyi i the combution preure crank angle hitory in the combution chamber. COMBUSION HEA RELEASE RAE CALCULAIONS CHAPER-III HEA RELEASE RAE CACULAIONS Preure crank angle
More informationThe NearMe Wireless Proximity Server
UbiComp 2004. The Sixth International Conference on Ubiquitou Computing, pp. 283-300. September 7-10, 2004, Nottingham, England. The NearMe Wirele Proximity Server John Krumm and Ken Hinckley Microoft
More informationDesign a Sustainable Supply Chain under Uncertainty using Life Cycle Optimisation and Stochastic Programming
151 A publication of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS VOL. 61, 2017 Guet Editor: Petar S Varbanov, Rongxin Su, Hon Loong Lam, Xia Liu, Jiří J Klemeš Copyright 2017, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l. ISBN 978-88-95608-51-8;
More informationAddress for Correspondence
Reearch Paper ENERGY CONSERVATION IN MUD HOUSE AS COMPARED TO BRICK WALL BUILDING IN INDIA Subhah Mihra 1, Dr. J A Umani 2 Addre for Correpondence 1 Ph.d Scholar, 2 Profeor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationReservoir simulation and geomechanical modeling in Leming Lake, Alberta
Reervoir imulation Reervoir imulation and geomechanical modeling in Leming Lake, Alberta John J. Zhang, Tony Settari and Laurence R. Bentley ABSTRACT Thi paper deal with reervoir imulation and geomechanical
More informationImproving Marketing Strategies to Accelerate Technological change for the basic Cereal: The Niger Case. Tahirou Abdoulaye a and John H.
Improving Marketing Strategie to Accelerate Technological change for the baic Cereal: The Niger Cae Tahirou Abdoulaye a and John H. Sander b a INRAN/DECOR, B.P. 429, Niamey, Niger, currently Reearch Aociate,
More informationMODELLING OF AEROBIC REACTORS FOR LANDFILL METHANE OXIDATION.
Proceeding of the 13 th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology Athen, Greece, 5-7 September 13 MODELLING OF AEROBIC REACTORS FOR LANDFILL METHANE OXIDATION. I.M. MANCINI, S. MASI,
More informationGeneralists and Specialists, Ability and Earnings *
Generalit and Specialit, Ability and Earnin * by San-Hyop Lee, Univerity of Hawaii-Manoa Workin Paper No. 05-02 February 2005 (revied) Abtract The comparative advantae model developed in thi paper predict
More informationMarketing and feasibility study for launching a city/ regional magazine in Rochester, New York
Rocheter Intitute of Technology RIT Scholar Work Thee Thei/Diertation Collection 5-1-1989 Marketing and feaibility tudy for launching a city/ regional magazine in Rocheter, ew York John K. Aiztraut Follow
More informationNarrow Gap Welding, Electrogas - and. Electroslag Welding
6. Narrow Gap Welding, Electroga - and Electrolag Welding 00 6. Narrow Gap Welding, Electroga- and Electrolag Welding 7 Up to thi day, there i no univeral agreement about the definition of the term Narrow
More informationOUR CUSTOMER TERMS CISCO SaaS SERVICE
CONTENTS Click on the ection that you are intereted in. 1 About thi ection 2 Our Cutomer Term 2 Inconitencie 2 No aignment or reupply 2 Requet ubject to approval 2 2 General 2 3 Cico SaaS Service 2 What
More informationModeling and Simulation of Biological Anaerobic Treatment of Sludge Resulted from Wastewater Treatment
Modeling and imulation of Biological Anaerobic Treatment of ludge Reulted from Watewater Treatment AUREL PREURĂ, LĂCRĂMIOARA DIANA ROBECU 2, ILEANA IRINA PANAITECU 3.C. RAJA Contanța.A. 22-24 Călărași
More informationVIDEO streaming is becoming the dominate traffic in the
2064 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING, VOL. 15, NO. 8, AUGUST 2016 Profit Maximization through Online Advertiing Scheduling for a Wirele Video Broadcat Network Wen Ji, Member, IEEE, Yingying Chen,
More informationThe University of Bradford Institutional Repository
he Univerity of Bradford Intitutional Repoitory http://bradcholar.brad.ac.uk hi work i made available online in accordance with publiher policie. Pleae refer to the repoitory record for thi item and our
More informationENVE 301 Environmental Engineering Unit Operations. CHAPTER: 5 Aeration
ENVE 301 Environmental Engineering Unit Operation CHAPTER: 5 Aeration Ait. Prof. Bilge Alpalan Kocamemi Marmara Univerity Department of Environmental Engineering Itanbul, Turkey 1 Aeration Primary application
More informationLabel Confusion: The Groucho Effect of Uncertain Standards. Rick Harbaugh, John W. Maxwell, and Beatrice Roussillon.
Label Confuion: The Groucho Effect of Uncertain Standard Rick Harbaugh, John W. Maxwell, and Beatrice Rouillon November 15, 21 Abtract Label certify that a product meet ome tandard for quality, but often
More informationSolubility of Carbohydrates in Subcritical Water
Solubility of Carbohydrate in Subcritical Water Fernando Montañé 1, Tiziana Fornari 2, Elena Ibáñez 1, Keerthi Sriniva 3 Dongfang Zhang 3 and Jerry W. King *3 1 Intituto de Fermentacione Indutriale (CSIC).
More information