Energy Audit Report Carnoustie Golf Links (CGLMC)

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1 Energy Audit Report Carnoustie Golf Links (CGLMC) Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 1 of 15

audit contents Section 1: Customer and Adviser Details 3 Section 2: Executive Summary

Background to Recommendations 10 Section 6: Savings Opportunities 11 Understand the

reports of lack of hot water in the showers Automatic lighting controls in Pro Centre

2 audit contents Section 1: Customer and Adviser Details 3 Section 2: Executive Summary 4 Section 3: Current Energy Consumption 6 Section 4: Introduction 7 Section 5: Background to Recommendations 10 Section 6: Savings Opportunities 11 Understand the heating systems Assessment of recommendations from the report of 2012 Investigate reports of lack of hot water in the showers Automatic lighting controls in Pro Centre Illustration of alternative heating systems for Greenkeeping Complex Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 2 of 15

3 1 Customer and Energy Adviser Contact name Sandy Reid Contact job title Links Superintendent Phone Mobile Dates of visits 2 nd June 2015 Lead Assessor Colin Porteous Phone e_solutions@orchardenergy.co.uk Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 3 of 15

4 2 Executive Summary Carnoustie Golf Links have a number of properties on and around the two golf courses at Carnoustie. Concerned with the continually rising cost of energy, the links management group, CGLMC commissioned an energy audit in 2012, which highlighted a number of issues, but did not make any quantitative conclusions. At that time, many of the findings related to energy management and operation of the various systems on the sites. There are four separate sites: The Golf Centre The Greenkeepers Complex, (also called South America) The Starter s Box The Office building In the period since then, Orchard Energy were commissioned to look again at energy use, to pick up on certain issues from the original audit and to include other opportunities, like renewable energy. The author then visited the site and gained a clearer understanding of these issues, which enabled a more focussed agenda of items to be covered: Understand how the various heating systems interact with one another at the Golf Centre. Propose energy saving measures in the Golf Centre and the Greenkeepers Complex. Much of these will be behavioural. Investigate why there have been reports of lack of hot water at some busy times. Install automatic lighting controls in the reception area under the atrium and in the locker rooms. Propose an illustration of alternative biomass and gas conversions for the Greenkeepers Complex. The recommendations arising from this report are detailed below and include behavioural/operational changes, a summary of costs associated with the recommendations of the previous report, a statement on the hot water shortfall investigations, energy saving measures at the Greenkeepers Complex and illustrations of this location. Most of the savings will come from improvements which can be implemented without great expense or disruption to the golf club s activities. The request to make recommendations on alternative heating systems at the Greenkeepers complex will require a capex commitment although this may be supported by government incentives. The potential annual savings amount to 29,000 per year if the proposal for biomass heating at the Greenkeepers complex is adopted. It is important to note that the alternative heating project costs are based on illustrative figures only, as there is no record of separate oil costs for heating there. Before proceeding with this, it is important to record the fuel actually being used in the boiler and the workshop convector. This will require the delivery drivers to segregate quantities going into the heating tank from what goes into the machinery filling tanks. A summary of these savings is shown on page 5. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 4 of 15

Photograph of the atrium from inside Savings Summary Table No. Recommendation Cost Saving ( ) Cost to implement ( ) 1 Understanding the Pro Centre 3,750 1,500 0.

5 Photograph of the atrium from inside Savings Summary Table No. Recommendation Cost Saving ( ) Cost to implement ( ) 1 Understanding the Pro Centre 3,750 1, heating systems 2 Assessment of recommendations 10,980 5, from previous report 3 Investigation of lack of hot water 4 Install automatic lighting controls 5 Alternative heating systems at 4,500 35, Greenkeepers complex - gas 5 Alternative heating systems at Greenkeepers complex biomass 14, , Total (assuming biomass conversion) 29, , Pay-back period (yrs) Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 5 of 15

6 3 Current Energy Consumption Utility Electricity at Pro Centre Cost Energy Consumption CO2 Emissions ( /year) (kwh/yr) (Tonnes) 19, , Electricity at 15, , Greenkeepers Gas at Pro Centre Unknown Unknown unknown Oil at Greenkeepers Complex Totals for electricity only Unknown Unknown Unknown 34, , Unit costs used in calculating energy savings: Electricity 12.61p/kWh, Gas unknown Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 6 of 15

7 4 Introduction Carnoustie Golf Links is a long-established club located on the east coast of Scotland. Golf has been played at this location for at least two hundred years and buildings associated with the game have been present for most of that time. This report considers two current buildings, the Pro Centre and the greenkeepers complex. The Pro Centre was built only four years ago and the main greenkeepers building is reported to be seven years old. The Links Superintendent took time to show the author around the buildings and it was clear that the two buildings have very different issues relating to energy. The Pro Centre This is mostly a single storey building with a central atrium containing a small number of rooms around it on the upper storey. The atrium has good natural light through upper level windows. There is both an underfloor heating system and a mechanical ventilation system. There is a building management system to control these systems. There is no on-site knowledge of how these systems are meant to work. Maintenance is carried out by external contractors and many of the original settings have been lost. The Links Superintendent has adopted the role of coordinator to try and improve the situation. Attempts to engage any of the original design team have been thwarted to date, as most of the companies involved have since gone out of business. Fortunately, during the course of the investigations, a retired member of the design consultants was found and there is a strong recommendation in this report to engage him to supervise recommissioning of the systems and train users in how they should be operated. Energy Use The building has a complex heating and ventilating arrangement. A heat pump is used to supply a ground-floor underfloor heating system. Two gas-fired condensing LT hot water boilers provide heat to six air-handling units and backup heat to the heat pump buffer tank. In addition, hot water is generated by a once-through Andrews water heater. Complaints were reported that the showers run out of hot water during busy periods on match days or during wet weather. A logging exercise was carried out over a month in the summer to record water temperature, however, at no point did the temperature fall below 59oC, so it is not obvious what the problem is. During this period, in addition to clients use of the shower, there routine Legionella tests carried out where all the showers are run at maximum flow and temperature for an extended period and again the flow temperature did not show any departure from normal. Staff have been asked to alert the Links Superintendent immediately if there is a recurrence, so that flow and temperature conditions can be measured. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 7 of 15

There is an opportunity to install daylight/movement sensors here and in the locker rooms which can see extended periods of low occupancy, with lights left on.

8 Photographs of the air source heat pump and underfloor heating controls Lighting Lighting is by a mixture of T5 fluorescent lamps and LEDs. Artificial lighting around the atrium is provided by 40 T5s and all were on during the visit, despite strong natural light from the atrium windows. There is an opportunity to install daylight/movement sensors here and in the locker rooms which can see extended periods of low occupancy, with lights left on. It is recommended that this programme is continued as most lights in the building have high load factors due to the long daily hours they are in service. The Greenkeepers Complex This building has two storeys built around a large workshop where the course machinery is stored and maintained. The building is of conventional construction and has a pitched roof. There are offices and meeting rooms on the upper floor. Windows are all double-glazed. There is an oil-fired boiler, which supplies a wet system around the offices and other rooms. It is a relatively new boiler and it appears to work well. The main issue is the cost of fuel oil and CGLMC are keen to explore alternatives. Around the main building there are two other buildings and a café which serves the golfers. These other buildings are all electrically heated and if an economic solution can be found for heating the main building it could be extended to form a small district heating system to include these other buildings. Both gas and biomass are feasible alternatives. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 8 of 15

Photograph of the oil-fired boiler Lighting is generally by T5 fluorescent lighting in the offices and T8s in the workshop and one of the smaller sheds.

9 Photograph of the oil-fired boiler Lighting is generally by T5 fluorescent lighting in the offices and T8s in the workshop and one of the smaller sheds. It is heated by a large standalone, oilfired warm air convector. This too could be replaced by a fan convector supplied from a district heating system in the event that a decision is taken to install such a system. There is a good-sized roof for solar pv panels, however, it is mostly south-facing, so would be suitable, but there is a strong likelihood that government incentives will be withdrawn on 1st January 2016, so this is not currently a recommendation. If government incentives remain favourable, then this recommendation could be revisited. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 9 of 15

10 5 Background to Recommendations To produce this survey, firstly a walk-round was organised with Sandy Reid, who is the Links Superintendent, and has taken on the responsible for the energy systems and the building upkeep. This gave the author a chance to see the energy systems and how they were being used. In addition to a number of minor items, we found a total of four short-term opportunities and a number of minor ones. Having discussed the recommendations, we looked at what would be involved in making them happen and the potential pitfalls. Firstly the opportunities were listed as on page 4 above: Understand how the various heating systems interact with one another at the Golf Centre Propose energy saving measures in the Golf Centre and the Greenkeepers Complex. Much of these will be behavioural. Investigate why there have been reports of lack of hot water at some busy times. Propose an illustration of alternative biomass and gas conversions for the Greenkeepers Complex Secondly, costs had to be estimated for each opportunity, then a check for compatibility with available funding alternatives. These are: Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI). This is available to organisations which install qualifying renewable heating plant. It takes the form of a quarterly payment over a period of twenty years. The payments are based on metered heat. Typically, a biomass heating project will payback in six to eight years, the savings coming from both the RHI and the reduction in fuel cost. Regional Loan Schemes. These loan funds are available to SMEs that are able to offer benefits to their local economy through employment opportunities, wealth and growth. Go to for more information. Low Carbon Skills Fund. This fund is designed specifically for staff training to exploit the low-carbon economy. It provides 50% of training costs in areas like renewable and low-carbon energy, energy efficiency, clean technologies, waste reduction and carbon reduction. This support may be particularly applicable to Second Opportunities, as it would help to fund energy awareness training for staff. Go to for more information Enhanced Capital Allowance. This scheme allows businesses to claim 100% first year capital allowance on investments in certain energy and water saving equipment against taxable profits of the period of investment. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 10 of 15

11 6 Savings Opportunities Understanding the heating systems The heating and ventilation (HVAC) systems are integrated through a Building Energy Management system (BEMS) in the boilerhouse. It is understood that in the period since initial commissioning, the settings have either drifted or have been reset. Without a clear picture of how this control operates, it will not give the required internal environment in the building. In addition, there is the risk that some of the energy components may actually be using more energy as a result of conflicts between settings. It is strongly recommended that the entire HVAC plant is recommissioned to return it to its handover configuration. When this is complete, at least two permanent, on-site members of Pro Centre staff are trained in its use. It is important that this capability is retained in-house. A retired member of the original design team has been identified as still living locally and it is recommended that he is engaged to carry out the above. Costs, Benefits and Finance The benefit is a reduced energy bill. On-site staff should be responsible for making the day-to-day changes to the BEMS to suit the varying conditions of season, occupancy and events which a facility like this will experience. It is likely that this result in energy savings of at least 15%, which would result in a saving of around 3,750 per year. Risks and Solution Alternatives There are no obvious risks. Conclusions It is essential that the systems are returned to their handover condition. This may highlight other issues, but until it is done, there is no way of identifying these. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 11 of 15

Photograph of the gas boilers Assessment of recommendations from the report of 2012 Many of the recommendations from the previous energy audit report of 2012 are still valid.

12 Photograph of the gas boilers Assessment of recommendations from the report of 2012 Many of the recommendations from the previous energy audit report of 2012 are still valid. These were:- 1) Energy policy 2) Management practice 3) Staff awareness 4) Data management 5) Pro Centre issues 6) Greenkeeping complex issues Items 1-4 are closely related and similar issues will be solved simultaneously. An energy policy will see the creation of an Energy Manager function. This is not a full-time task, but will see responsibility for energy issues within CGLMC managed by one single contact person. It is also closely related to Item 1 above. The benefit is a reduced energy bill. Experience in similar situations shows that such an appointment can result in savings of between 10 and 15%. In this case, some of those savings will already appear by having an understanding of HVAC systems, so the incremental increase in savings is likely to be less than 10% of the energy used by CGLMC across all sites (except the course machinery). This would result in savings of around 3,500 per year. Item 5 Pro Centre issues. Spikes in electrical consumption were investigated and found to be caused by the three 30kW irrigation pumps at South America. This is not related to the Pro Centre. Base electrical load of 5kW was stated by the previous report. A logging exercise should be carried out to see what is running, as it is likely to be unnecessary during out of hours. If half of that power can be switched off, then there is a potential saving of 20,000kWh can be made. This would be worth 2,570 per year. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 12 of 15

13 Heat pump/boiler operation. This is part of item 1 above, Understanding the heating systems and is not additional to that saving. Item 6 Greenkeeping complex issues. Base electrical load here appears to be even higher at 7kW. Identifying and switching off even half of that will save around 30,000kWh per year, a saving 3,860. It is recommended that a logging exercise is undertaken on each of the sub-circuits in the complex to identify where this energy is going. The heating in the greenkeeping shed is already only on at relevant times and adjusted accordingly throughout the year in conjunction with outside temperatures and with adjustment to working hours which vary from very early starts and finishes in the summer to later through the winter. Deliveries of oil to the complex have been sub-divided over the last two years to show what is for heating and what is for machinery. However the deliveries were made when the tank levels were down and not on a monthly or annual basis, so they are not an exact record. As an illustration, if 10% of the overall annual oil bill is saved, then that would amount to around 670. It is recommended that deliveries of oil for heating and for machinery are recorded separately, so that heating energy can be identified. Fitting timers on drinks machines will save around 200 per year. Investigate reports of lack of hot water in the showers We were told of reports that there were occasions when the hot water ran out. To investigate this, a set of button loggers were fitted for a month to the flow and return legs of the hot water circulation pipework. Through this period, routine Legionella procedures were also carried out repeatedly by flowing through all showers simultaneously. The result was inconclusive, as the temperature remained steady at around o C. The recommendation now is to contact the Links Superintendent immediate this issue recurs and identify the factors in play at the time. Automatic lighting controls in Pro Centre There are two areas in the Pro Centre where PIRs could beneficially be installed to switch off lighting either when available lighting is sufficient or where there are periods of low occupancy. These are the reception area under the atrium (good available light) and the locker rooms (routine periods of low occupancy). Assuming these lights are normally on 12 hours per day for most of the year, then the saving by fitting PIRs in these areas would be around 1,600kWh per year, or 200. The cost of installation (assuming no recabling is required) would be about the same, giving a one-year payback. Illustration of alternative heating systems for the Greenkeeping Complex There is an existing oil-fired boiler of 92kW capacity and a workshop fan convector of 117kW capacity, which is also oil-fired. Due to the cost of oil, CGLMC expressed interest in alternative systems. Both gas and biomass are Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 13 of 15

14 considered here. It is recommended that the replacement is large enough to heat both the offices and the workshop, a load of over 200kW. Alternative 1 gas conversion Unfortunately, as mentioned above, the oil consumption is unknown for the two heating units, so a figure had to be estimated. This meant that we were unable to obtain an installation cost for a gas supply to the Complex, as contractors will not quote without knowing the previous year s consumption. A figure of 25,000 is therefore proposed. In addition, there will be on-site pipe and a meter kiosk, a further 3,000. A figure of 2,500 is estimated for a replacement boiler burner and to replace the workshop heater with a gas-fired standalone heater, including pipework and installation would probably come to around 5,000. This gives a project total of around 35,500. For an illustrative annual load of 200,000kWh, the annual fuel saving by going to gas is likely to be around ( )/100 x 200,000 = 4,500, a payback of 7.9 years. Alternative 2 biomass conversion Illustration based on oil consumption of 200,000kWh, oil at 5.5p/kWh (65p/ltr) and biomass at 3.1p/kWh for woodchip. Existing Costs = 200,000kWh x 5.5p/kWh = 11,000 Proposed Load (biomass) = (200,000 x 0.7/ 0.9) = 155,000kWh (due to increased combustion efficiency. Proposed Cost (biomass) = 155,000kWh x 3.1 p/kwh = 4,805 Fuel Cost Saving = 11,000-4,805 = 6,195 *RHI (Tier1) = 155,000 x 5.18p/kWh = 8,029 Total Annual Saving = Annual Fuel Cost Saving + Annual RHI Total Annual Saving: 6, ,029 = 14,220 Capex for boiler and auxiliaries only, estimated at 125,000. Payback: cap ex /annual saving = 125,000/14,220 = 8.8 years *The government will support this with Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI), paid at 5.18p/kWh for the first 1,314 kwh for twenty years. Important note. Both of the above should be treated as illustrations only and any future decisions should be based on contractor s quotations, which will require an accurate measurement of fuel actually consumed by the buildings at the complex for a year. Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 14 of 15

15 Compiled by Orchard Ltd Page 15 of 15

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Top actions you can take to save money and make your home more efficient You can use this document to: Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) Dwellings Scotland 6 PIPERSQUOY TERRACE, KIRKWALL, KW15 1EL Dwelling type: Mid-terrace bungalow Date of assessment: 21 November 2017 Date