Water Reuse Webinar. North Central Texas Council of Governments Environment and Development Department August 22, 2017

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1 Water Reuse Webinar North Central Texas Council of Governments Environment and Development Department August 22, 2017

2 Please welcome our first speaker: Glenn Clingenpeel Trinity River Authority

3 Reuse, Water Supply and Environmental Flows in the Trinity River Basin NCTCOG Webinar August 22, 1017

4 Outline Glenn Clingenpeel Overview of Trinity River Basin Basin and Hydrology Water Supplies History of Reuse in the Region Historical Perspective Types of Potable Reuse Indirect Potable Reuse Direct Potable Reuse Concerns over impacts to instream flows

5 Outline Webster Mangham Trinity River Flows - Historical Perspective Trinity River Flows WWTP Discharges Past, Present, and Future Flows Environmental Flows SB2 and SB3 TRA Environmental Flow Studies Preliminary Results Next Steps

6 Reuse and Water Supply Glenn Clingenpeel

7 Trinity River Basin Population ~7 million Approximately half of Texas population depends on the Trinity River basin for at least part of its water supply. Ft. Worth Dallas Since 1911, more than 32 water-supply reservoirs have been built within the basin. Population 6.5 million Houston

8 Precipitation in North Texas

9 Net Precipitation in North Texas

10 Precipitation and Evaporation in North Texas 6 DFW Long-Term Monthly Average Precipitation & Evaporation 4 2 Monthly Precip/Evap (Inch) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -6-8 Precip (Inches) -10

11 Conventional water supplies in North Texas are from increasingly distant sources

12 Return Flows Happen Where You Need Them

13 History of Reuse in Texas 1800 s De facto reuse in San Antonio through acequías - irrigation canals First record of legal entitlement to reuse in Texas dates to 1901 San Antonio Irrigation Company given rights to sewage

14 1968 Water Plan Recognized Importance of Reclaimed Water Return flows are an essential and valuable water resource that should be managed and administered conjunctively with other water resources

15 First Major Urban Indirect Non-potable Water Plan Project In 1997 TRA obtained a Water quality permit from the TCEQ to discharge reclaimed wastewater into the lakes at Las Colinas

16 2016 Region C Plan 2016 Region C Plan identifies 283,893 AF of reuse available in 2020

17 Urban Counties are Expected to Grow Significantly The population of Region C is projected to more than double over the next 50 years, from nearly 7 million in 2014 to more than 14.3 million by 2070 Will Drive Water Demands Higher

18 Regional Water Supplies Region C (D/FW area) shows significant shortages in 2070 Region C Current Supply: Projected Demand: Projected Deficit: 1,631,341 AF/yr 2,939,880 AF/yr (1,308,539) AF/yr 4,263,351,000 gallons/yr

19 Water Supply Strategies

20 Key Points Indirect Reuse Water Right Application (non-reuse) Based on WAM Model Run 3 Does not consider return flows Reuse subject to 100% direct reuse prior to discharge Under a reuse permit, only water put in can be taken out

21 Key Points Indirect Reuse Indirect reuse limited in practice to number of times it can be used - WQ Issues In Region C (upstream) major future water demand is municipal; Not 100% consumptive Remainder discharged and allowed to flow downstream

22 Direct Potable Reuse

23 High Required Acceptance of Potable Reuse Low Direct potable Reuse (DPR) Engineered potable Reuse (EPR) Passive potable Reuse (PPR) De facto potable Reuse (dfpr) Non-potable Reuse (NPR) Continuum of Reuse Projects and Need for Public Acceptance

24 Direct Potable Reuse Began out of necessity in West Texas during drought of

25 DPR As A Substitute Commodity DPR DPR Acceptance of potable reuse EPR PPR dfpr NPR Acceptance of potable reuse EPR PPR dfpr NPR Cost of conventional alternatives Cost of conventional alternatives Acceptance of potable reuse EPR DPR PPR dfpr NPR Cost of conventional alternatives Theoretical cross elasticity curves for communities with different combinations of drivers.

26 Direct Potable Reuse Only makes sense in a limited number of cases Probably does not make sense in North Texas Numerous reservoirs in which to divert and store return flows High-quality surface water Could be used as an emergency supply maintaining the infrastructure is prohibitively expensive

27 Potable Reuse - Future

28 Region C Reuse - Future ,880 AF/yr 284,000 AF/yr State-wide Direct Potable projected to increase from 33,000 AF/yr in 2020 to 87,000 AF/yr in 2070

29 Please welcome our second speaker: Webster Mangham Trinity River Authority

30 Reuse and Return Flows Webster Mangham

31 Outline Trinity River Flows - Historical Perspective Trinity River Flows WWTP Discharges Past, Present, and Future Flows Environmental Flows SB2 and SB3 TRA Environmental Flow Studies Preliminary Results Next Steps

32 Mid Trinity, 1899

33 D/FW Population and Base Flows 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,

34 Cumulative Discharge (ac-ft) at USGS Gages Along Trinity

35 Comparison of USGS Measured Flows Between 1956 and 2011 at Mid and Lower Trinity

36 Percent of Texas Listed in Drought Percent Mild Med Severe None

37 Percent of Texas Listed in Drought Percent /5/2010 3/5/2010 5/5/2010 7/5/2010 9/5/ /5/2010 1/5/2011 3/5/2011 5/5/2011 7/5/2011 9/5/ /5/2011 1/5/2012 3/5/2012 5/5/2012 7/5/2012 9/5/ /5/2012 1/5/2013 3/5/2013 5/5/2013 7/5/2013 9/5/ /5/2013 1/5/2014 3/5/2014 5/5/2014 7/5/2014 9/5/ /5/2014 1/5/2015 3/5/2015 5/5/2015 7/5/2015 9/5/ /5/2015 1/5/2016 Mild Med Severe None

38 Water Availability Models Percent Exceedance Curves, Trinity at Rosser Rosser

39 Water Availability Models Percent Exceedance Curves, Trinity at Rosser

40 Romayor

41 Water Availability Models Percent Exceedance Curves, Trinity at Romayor

42 Galveston Bay

43 Water Availability Models Percent Exceedance Curves, Trinity at Galveston Bay

44

45 2015 Cumulative Flow in Trinity River South of Dallas

46 Environmental Flows SB2 (2001) Texas Instream Flows Program TIFP = TCEQ, TWDB, & TPWD Goal: Identify flow regimes that support a sound ecological environment. SB3 (2007) Environmental Flows Process Best Available Science Establish Environmental Flow Standards Adaptive Management

47 TRA Environmental Flow Studies 2010 Baseline Longitudinal (225 mi.) 2011 Longitudinal Study FW to Lake Livingston (290 mi.) 2012 Baseline Biological (TPWD & TRA) 2012 SB3 Flow Standards Approved 2012 Upper Trinity Biological 2013 Longitudinal Study Lake Livingston to the Bay (118 mi.) 2013 Long-term Sites (2012-Ongoing) 2014 SB2 Texas Instream Flow Program 2015-Present E Flow Validation Studies

48 TR is Very Dynamic

49 Evaluation of SB3 Flow Standards Archer Clay Montague Cooke Grayson Fannin Young Jack Wise Denton Collin Hunt Parker Hood Rockwall 485 Tarrant!(!( Dallas Grand Dallas Kaufman Prairie 444 Johnson Ellis Van Zandt Henderson Hill Navarro Freestone Limestone Anderson 295!( Oakwood Leon Houston Trinity Madison Grimes Walker San Jacinto Romayor Polk!( 78 Hardin Liberty Chambers

50 Evaluation of SB3 Flow Standards Goal: Use data to assess the instream physical and ecological functions of the SB3 Flow Standards. Tasks: 1. Reconnaissance 5. Data Analysis 2. Study Design/Site Selection 6. Reporting 3. Field Work 7. Data Archiving 4. Data Processing 8. Information Dissemination

51 Long-term Monitoring Sites!(!(!(!( Grand Prairie Dallas Oakwood Romayor Clay Montague Grayson Cooke Fannin Archer Jack Hunt Wise Denton Collin Young Rockwall Dallas Tarrant Parker Van Zandt Kaufman Ellis Johnson Hood Henderson Navarro Hill Anderson Freestone Limestone Leon Houston Trinity Polk Madison Walker San Jacinto Grimes Hardin Liberty Chambers

52 Field Work Hardened Benchmarks

53 Field Work Sediment Collection

54 Field Work Survey Grade GPS

55 Field Work Laser Scanning and Total Station

56 Field Work Bathymetry

57 Field Work Riparian

58 Field Work Automated Game Cameras

59 Field Work Automated Game Cameras

60

61

62

63

64

65 ~80,000 cfs at Oakwood Gage

66 ocbw creek perched ocbw ocbw Field Work ocbw ocbw ocbw ocbw ocbw ocbw Linear Survey ocbw ocbw ocbw ocbw game cam rm295.4 ocbw rm291.5 ocbw rm290.7 ocbw rm290.9 ocbw rm282.5 offchannel bw off channel bw rm282.5 small offchannel bw rm slightly off channel bw rm ocbw ocbw Oakwood May 2016,12,350 cfs, 33 mi SB3 Pulse Winter Spring Summer Fall Oakwood 3k 7k 2.5k 2.5k rm288.0 ocbw rm285.1 ocbw rm284.3 ocbw rm285 ocbw Archer Young Clay Montague Cooke Grayson Fannin Jack Wise Denton Collin Hunt Rockwall Parker Tarrant Grand Prairie Hood Johnson Hill!(!( Dallas Dallas Kaufman Ellis Navarro Limestone Freestone Van Zandt Henderson Anderson!( Oakwood Houston Leon Trinity Madison Polk Walker San Grimes Jacinto Romayor!( Hardin Liberty Chambers

67 Field Work Linear Survey ocbw creek! \ \! \!! \ \!! \ ocbw \! perched \! \! Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community

68 Analysis Automated Game Cameras 11,000 cfs 7,000 cfs 3,000 cfs 2,500 cfs

69 Analysis Riparian 5,000 cfs

70 Modeling

71 Analysis

72 Sediment Table 1. Shear stress causing incipient motion

73 Validation Inundation at at 6,200 cfs cfs Inundation at at 21,000 cfs cfs ,000 1,000 Feet Feet Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Community 16,500 cfs

74 What have we learned? SB3 pulse flows are not inundating backwater habitat. Very, very hard to tie biological responses to a single variable (flow). Large pulses do the work in the channel. Extensive mussel beds Water Quality is generally very good Mesohabitat diversity may increase with decreased flow Sites are not aggrading or degrading Fish have not returned to a similar baseline since flooding Much more analysis underway

75 Next Steps Continue Long-term monitoring Aggregate SB2 and SB3 data Biological sampling Additional inundation modeling SB3 Adaptive Management recommendations for 2021

76 Questions?

77 Contact Connect Cassidy Campbell Senior Environment & Development Planner North Central Texas Council of Governments Tamara Cook Senior Program Manager Environment and Development Department North Central Texas Council of Governments Edith Marvin Director of Environment & Development North Central Texas Council of Governments nctcogenv youtube.com/user/nctcoged nctcog.org/envir

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