Solar Energy for Hospitals

Transcription

1 Solar Energy for Hospitals Christel Russ Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE Hospital-Workshop Florence, May 10, 2003

2 Fraunhofer ISE Areas of Business Buildings and Technical Building Services Solar Cells Off-Grid Power Supplies Grid-Connected Renewable Power Generation Hydrogen Technology

3 Buildings and Technical Building Components: Market Areas Building Concepts and Simulations Facades and Windows Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Technology Solar Thermal Systems Monitoring and Demonstration Projects Zero Emission Factory Solvis Architects: Banz+Riecks, Photo:C.Richters Membrane Fuel Cells: Development of Components and Systems

4 Components of solar buildings photovoltaic systems, integrated in the roof and facade thermal solar collectors for hot water and heating air solar air conditioning increase the heat capacity on the wall surfaces

5 Active Solar Component - PV semitransparent PV in the roof of an atrium as shading element in the window

6 Active Solar Component - PV standing on the roof as shading element above the window

7 Active Solar Component - Solar Collector for DHW

8 Components of Solar Buildings photovoltaic systems, integrated in the roof and facade thermal solar collectors for hot water and heating air Solar autonomous desiccant cooling plant with solar air collectors (chamber of trade & commerce Freiburg) (8000 m 3 /h) solar air conditioning increase the thermal storage capacity on the wall surfaces

9 Definition of Air Conditioning solar loads return air conditioning of ventilation air supply air internal loads air conditioning: control of indoor air temperature and humidity according to comfort demands main loads are: conditioning of ventilation air (supply of fresh air) sensible internal loads: persons, equipment, artificial lighting latent internal loads: persons, plants, others (e.g. kitchen) solar loads (windows, glazings) conduction loads (walls, windows)

10 Solar Thermal Air Conditioning Process chilled water heat thermal driven cooling process conditioned air

11 Solar Assisted Desiccant Cooling System - Lecture Room of a Technology Center in Riesa

12 Solar Assisted Desiccant Cooling System in Sintra/Portugal

13 Solar Assisted Cold Production at the Freiburg University Hospital with Adsorption Cooling Technology

14 Solar Assisted Desiccant Cooling System Using Solar Air Collectors - Chamber for Trade & Commerce in Freiburg

15 Components of Solar Buildings thermal long time storage by using physical-chemical processes heating systems with solar Energy support earth-to air-heat exchanger to cooling or preheating air passive cooling by nocturnal ventilation Fuel cell - combined heat and power station (CHP)

16 Nocturnal ventilation - Results of Measurement night ventilation temperature [ C] RT (without NV) RT (with NV) AT (without NV) AT (with NV) time [hour of the day]

17 Components of Solar Buildings Solar optimized windows - optical selective coating - antireflective surfaces - optical switchable glazing light lighting elements to use daylighting and have a glare shield solar energy gain facade - solar mass wall - transparent insulation - optical selective facade coatings

18 Glazing systems g value % total solar energy transmittance) solar control glazing, neutral low-e glazing, TGU (triple glazed unit) low-e glazing, DGU (double glazed unit) DGU U value W/m 2 K

19 Components of Solar Buildings - Optical Switchable Glazing on off Photos: Saint Gobain

20 Components of Solar Buildings - Optical Switchable Glazing off on Photos: Saint Gobain Glas Deutschland

21 Components of solar buildings Solar optimized windows - optical selective coating - antireflective surfaces - optical switchable glazing lighting elements to use daylighting and have a glare shield solar energy gain facade - solar mass wall - transparent insulation - optical selective facade coatings

22 Venetian blind for Indoor Application Characteristics good internal shading system good visual contact to the exterior because of smalled tilt angle beetwen the slab a good daylighting supply good glare protection a good cost-value ratio

23 Stainless steel roller blind for Outdoor Application Characteristics eliminate direct irradiation if soplar profile angle>20 good visual contact with the exterior wind proof to 55 km/h wind speed; inflow velocity is Vmax=15 m/s self cleaning properties a good cost-value ratio Photo Clauss Markisen a long life-time because the roller is made of stainless steel by a special construction

24 Stainless steel roller blind for Outdoor Application

25 If you have special questions to the following topics, please contact my colleagues Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems Heidenhofstrasse Freiburg Germany Windows and Shading Systems: Solar Cooling Processes: Natural Cooling (nocturnal Cooling): Tilmann Kuhn Tel: +49 (0) kuhn@ise.fhg.de Dr. Hans-Martin Henning Tel: +49 (0) hans-martin-henning@ise.fhg.de Jens Pfaffenrott Phone: +49 (0) jenspt@ise.fhg.de