Sanitary Landfills a Key Component of Waste Management in Transition Economies Johann Fellner, David Laner, Jakob Leder & Paul H.

Transcription

1 Sanitary Landfills a Key Component of Waste Management in Transition Economies Johann Fellner, David Laner, Jakob Leder & Paul H. Brunner Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management

2 Key Messages 1. Sanitary landfill will stay a key element in WM systems in transition economies 2. Appropriate waste solutions are not uniform 3. Come to Vienna next September 2/12

3 Goals of Waste Management Goals Protection of men and environment Conservation of resources Means Prevention Recycling Disposal

4 in mass percent Municipal Solid Waste Management in Austria ( ) Composting Recycling Thermal treatment MBT Direct landfilling Federal Waste Management Plan (UBA, 2006)

5 Waste Management in Vienna

6 Household + small enterprise Collection + Transport Waste management system Vienna Flows [kg/(c.yr)] Stock [kg/c] S Import ~ 540 Stock ~ 10, S Export ~ 425 Mixed + bulky waste + road waste Mixed waste Bulky waste 22 Road waste Residues 22 Paper, cardboard 77 Glass 16 Mixed + bulky waste Plastics + road waste Metals (packaging) Plastics Wood Metals Metals (non-packag) 11 Organic waste Organic waste MSW incineration 14 Sorting plants Composting Bottom ash+ fly ash Residues 18 Compost residues 96 Landfill 10, Off-gas 260 Scrap 8 Paper, cardboard 77 Glass 16 Plastics 4.4 Metals 11 Wood 1.2 Waste water + off-gas 31 Compost 17

7 QUESTION Austrian Waste Solution a Model for Countries in Central and Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean Region?

8 WM in CEE and the Mediterranean Region Unit Damascus Bucharest Zagreb Capita [Mill.] 2 2 0,78 MSW/capita/year [kg/capita/a] Costs per tonne MSW collected [ /t] Costs per capita [ /capita/a] Gross Domestic Product (GDP) [ /capita] 1,360 4,600 8,800 Costs MSWM/GDP [%]

9 household + small enterprise Collection + Transport Waste management system - Bucharest S Import ~350 Stock ~ + 7, S Export ~ 20 Mixed waste recycling materials 5-15 Mixed waste Mixed waste Residues 5-15 Sorting plant Dumping sites 7, Recycling materials 5-10 Flows [kg/(c.yr)] Stock [kg/c] Mixed waste (uncontrolled) Illegal dumping + burning (20-60) Recycling materials 5-15

10 WM in CEE and the Mediterranean Region Unit Damascus Bucharest Zagreb Selected Indicators for the Assessment of Solid Waste Management Systems Percentage of population having direct contact with waste [% of total population] <0. 1 N-emissions to hydrosphere [g N/capita/a] Greenhouse gas emissions [kg CO 2 /capita/a] Material recycling rate [%] Landfill volume required [m³/capita/a] Disposal rate [kg/capita/a]

11 Scenario analysis How to improve waste management? 1. Improved collection 2. Sanitary landfilling 3. Mechanical-biological treatment 4. Incineration 5. Separate collection

12 Changes to status quo [%] Effect of scenarios: Bucharest % Population having direct contact with waste N-emissions to hydrosphere Greenhouse gas emissions Disposal rate Landfill volume Material recycling rate Costs MSWM/ GDP Improved collection Sanitary landfill MBT Incineration Separate collection

13 Conclusions Uniform goals, but not solutions Goal oriented solutions >> waste hierarchy Waste solutions = f (economic conditions) Landfilling key component of MSW management

14 1 st International Conference on Final Sinks From Sanitary to Sustainable Landfilling - why, how, and when? September 23 25, 2010 Vienna, Austria organized by Vienna University of Technology Helsinki University of Technology, Lahti Center

15 Municipal Solid Waste Management Costs [ /t MSW] MSW Management Costs Vienna 100 GDP ~ 9,000 / cap 50 GDP ~ 4,600 / cap Bucharest Time

16 Bucharest

17 Conclusions 1. Uniform goals, but not solutions 2. goal oriented solutions >> waste hierarchy 3. waste solutions = f (economic conditions) 4. Landfilling g

18 WM in CEE and the Mediterranean Region Unit Damascus Bucharest Zagreb Capita [Mill.] 2 2 0,78 MSW/capita/year [kg/capita/a] Costs per tonne MSW collected [ /t] Costs per capita [ /capita/a] Gross Domestic Product (GDP) [ /capita] 1,360 4,600 8,800 Costs MSWM/GDP [%] Selected Indicators for the Assessment of Solid Waste Management Systems Percentage of population having direct contact with waste [% of total population] <0. 1 N-emissions to hydrosphere [g N/capita/a] Greenhouse gas emissions) [kg CO 2 /capita/a] Material recycling rate [%] Landfill volume required [m³/capita/a] Disposal rate [kg/capita/a]

19 Thank you