Natural Resources. Next Generation Science Standards MS-ESS3: Human Impacts on Earth s Systems

Transcription

1 Interactive Student Notebook: Chapter 5 Natural Resources Name: Date: Class Period: Next Generation Science Standards MS-ESS3: Human Impacts on Earth s Systems Common Core Standard RST.6-8.2: Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the text distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.

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3 Bellwork 1

4 What is a natural resource? (5-1) Examples of natural resources: Products made from natural resources: Discuss with your group what the underlined words in these sentences mean. Write different words that could replace the underlines ones, without changing the meaning of the sentences. How are natural resources obtained? How are natural resources consumed? How are natural resources disposed of? How do we obtain natural resources? How do we dispose of things that we don t need? This is a landfill. This is trash. 2

5 How do Humans Use Natural Resources? 1. What product is this information sheet about? (Name of presenter: ) 2. Which natural resources are used to make this product? (Name of presenter: ) 3. How are these natural resources taken from the Earth? (Name of presenter: ) 4. How does this product affect our lives? (Name of presenter: ) 5. How does manufacturing, using and disposing of this product affect the Earth? (Name of presenter: ) Manufacturing: Using: Disposing of: 6. How could you lessen the impact on the environment? (Name of presenter: ) 3

6 Get to the point! What s in a pencil besides wood? The wood in a pencil is from cedar trees in the forests of California and Oregon. The graphite (not lead) might come from Montana or Mexico, and is reinforced with clays from Kentucky and Georgia. The eraser is made from soybean oil from soybean farms in many states, including Iowa and Illinois, latex from trees in South America, pumice from California or New Mexico, and sulfur, calcium and barium. The metal band is aluminum or brass, made from copper and zinc, mined in no less than 13 states and nine Canadian provinces. The paint to color the wood and the lacquer to make it shine are made from a variety of different minerals and metals, as is the glue that holds the wood together. More than 2.5 billion pencils are sold each year in the United States alone about 11 pencils for each person in the country! Where do the natural resources in a pencil come from, and what else is made with them? Major copper producing countries: United States, Chile, Canada, Poland, Zaire, Zambia. Major copper producing states in the U.S.: Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Michigan, and Montana. Uses of Copper: 41% in building construction, 24% in electrical and electronic products, 13% in industrial machinery and equipment, 12% in transportation, and 10% in other general products. Major zinc producing countries: Australia, Canada, China, Mexico, Peru, United States. Major zinc producing states in the U.S.: Tennessee, New York, Alaska, Missouri. Minor production in Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Montana. The U.S. imports approx. 30% of the zinc it uses. Uses of zinc: 46% in construction, 20% in transportation, 11% in machinery, 11% electrical uses, and 12% in other uses such as paints, batteries, rubber, medicines, lubricants. Clays are produced in most states, except: Alaska, Delaware, Hawaii, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin. Uses of clays: paper making, glass, dinnerware, floor & wall tile, bathroom fixtures, kitty litter and other absorbents, and medicines. On the following page, create a key for the natural resources in a pencil that can be found in the Western Hemisphere. Draw the symbols for these resources on the map. Use an atlas to be sure you are drawing the symbols in the correct state or country. 4

7 Natural Resources in a Pencil Map Key Symbol Natural Resource 5

8 Natural Resources in the Classroom PRODUCT NATURAL RESOURCE HOW OBTAINED HOW DISPOSED OF Pencil trees graphite pumice Trees = logged Minerals = mined Trash / Landfill 6

9 EFFECT ON HUMANS EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT Pencils allow humans to communicate and record information. Cutting trees and removing soil for a mine will ruin animal habitats. Choose ONE of the products from the chart and explain how to lessen its impact on the Earth. 7

10 Natural Resources Renewable vs. Non-Renewable A natural resource is anything that we use that comes from Earth, such as water, iron, gold, copper, oil, natural gas, minerals, plants, and animals. Some natural resources are renewable resources, meaning they can be replaced in a relatively short amount of time before we run out of them. Renewable resources include the water we drink, light from the sun, the wind that blows, and the air we breathe. Plants and animals are also considered to be renewable resources because they reproduce. Some resources, such as trees, are renewable, but they take longer to replace. Other natural resources are non-renewable resources, meaning that they cannot be replaced or that replacing them would take many, many years. Metals such as gold, iron, and copper as well as fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas are non-renewable resources. When they are used up, they will take millions of years to replace! Keywords: Summary Statement: 5 Mastery 4 Approaching Mastery 3 Proficient 2 Approaching Proficiency 1 Not Proficient Identifies and uses technical key words correctly in the summary. Identifies and uses some technical key words correctly in the summary. Identifies key words from the reading passage. Identifies some key words. Attempts to identify key words. Selects and supports significant connections within the text. Summary is presented in an original way with advanced sentence structure. Ideas are connected, making the writing flow. Summary is in a logical order. Summary supports the key concepts of the reading passage without including opinions. Length is appropriate for the text with correct sentence structure. Attempts to summarize the reading but is missing part of the key concept. Length is inappropriate for the text and difficult to read. Attempts to summarize the reading but is missing the key concept. 8

11 Chapter 5 Notes (5-1) Renewable Resource: Non-renewable Resource: List examples of renewable and non-renewable resources. Renewable Non-Renewable How is renewable different than recyclable? Why is cardboard NOT a natural resource? What natural resource do we make cardboard from? What natural resource is plastic made from? What is conservation? What is one way that YOU can conserve natural resources? 9

12 Sustainability and Natural Resources (5-1) Video Review (DX0473) Directions: During the course of the program, answer the questions as they are presented in the video. At the end of the video, answer the Video Quiz questions. You Decide! 1. Why are these plants renewable resources? 2. Why couldn t new trees be harvested within a few years? 3. What is a benefit and a consequence of burning coal? Video Quiz: 1. The process of using resources is called resource. 2. Resources that can be readily replaced by nature are natural resources. 3. When renewable resources are consumed at a very fast rate they can become. 4. The of consumption is the speed at which a resource is used. 5. resources exist in a fixed quantity. 6. fuels include oil, coal, and natural gas. 7. A negative of using coal is that it contaminates the air. 8. can be implemented to minimize negative consequences of resource use. 9. Resource involves using resources so they are not over used or damaged for the long term. 10. involves utilizing the same resource for a different purpose. Word Bank for Video Quiz: consequence consumption exhausted fossil nonrenewable rate renewable reuse sustainability technology 10

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14 Chapter 5 Notes: Energy Resources (5-2 & 5-3) 1. What are energy resources? 2. Which natural resources produce electricity for Oregonians? 3. What percentage of Oregon s electricity is provided by the three fossil fuels? Coal % Petroleum (oil) % Natural Gas % 12

15 Fossil Fuels Notes (5-2) Fossil Fuels: Oil (Petroleum): Natural Gas: Coal: Four Stages of Coal

16 Climate Change 14

17 Energy Resources Notes (5-3) 1. Nuclear Energy - energy from splitting atoms Advantage: no air pollution Disadvantage: radioactive waste is toxic, uranium is nonrenewable 2. Solar Energy - Advantage: Disadvantage: 3. Wind - Advantage: Disadvantage: 4. Hydroelectric - Advantage: Disadvantage: 5. Biomass - Advantage: Disadvantage: 6. Geothermal Advantage: Disadvantage: 15

18 Oregon is Generating Electricity from Geothermal Resources Geo means Earth, and thermal means heat. Geothermal energy is deep inside our planet. As magma rises closer to the Earth s surface, it heats up nearby rock. When this rock is close to groundwater, the water is heated up. Hot water that collects under the Earth s surface between layers of rock is called a geothermal reservoir. We drill wells to reach geothermal reservoirs. After the wells are drilled, steel pipe (casing) is inserted. Now with an open passageway to the surface, the hot geothermal water or steam shoots up the well naturally or is pumped to the surface. Geothermal Power Plants Once the hot water or steam has reached the Earth s surface, it s piped into a geothermal power plant where the steam spins turbines that generate electricity. The steam is then cooled and the water is piped back down to the geothermal reservoir where it can be heated by the Earth and used again. World Famous Klamath Falls, Oregon Klamath Falls is probably the largest user of geothermal resources in the United States. Large parts of Klamath Falls sit on top of a huge underground reservoir of geothermal hot water, which comes up along faults and fractures in the rock, in hot springs and geothermal wells. Since the early 1900s, the city has been using geothermal hot water to heat houses, apartments, schools, commercial buildings and swimming pools, and even to keep the snow and ice off of bridges and sidewalks in the winter! Many homes have their own personal wells that make use of this underground resource for heating. Eleven building are heated at the Oregon Institute of Technology, which saves the school about $500,000 per year in fuel costs. In South Klamath Falls, a large ranch is home to ten greenhouses where plants are grown with the help of geothermal heat. 16

19 The Great Energy Debate 17

20 The Great Energy Debate 18

21 The Great Energy Debate 19

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27 The Great Energy Debate 25

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30 Conserve resources at home! Draw and color the following items in the appropriate places: Bicycle in the driveway Recycling bin in the garage Trees to shade the house Solar, wind or geothermal energy source for electricity One other item that would help conserve energy and natural resources Color the following: Items that use electricity = yellow Items that use water = blue 28

31 Earth s Natural Resources Practice Test 1. Explain the difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable natural resource. 2. List three renewable natural resources: List three nonrenewable natural resources: 3. Choose one fossil fuel, and one energy resource that is not a fossil fuel. Compare and contrast the two. Include an explanation of how obtaining and using these resources impacts the Earth. 29

32 Earth s Natural Resources Practice Test 4. List two ways that humans can conserve natural resources. 5. Why is conservation important? 30

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