Cambodia Perspective on Bioenergy

Transcription

1 Cambodia Perspective on Bioenergy The Regional Forum on Sustainable Bioenergy 6-7 November, 2012, Bogor, Indonesia 1

2 Background Location: SEA and bordered with Vietnam, Laos and Thailand Total area:181,035km² Total population: 14 millions (51 % are women) Population by Urban - Rural residence Urban=3 millions Rural= 11 millions 2

3 Agriculture and bioenergy situation in Cambodia Agriculture dominates the economy of Cambodia, contributing 28,4 % (2011) of the gross domestic product (GDP); Rice is the most important crop in terms of production and significance to Cambodian population and occupies approximately 90% of the total available cultivated land; Agriculture also employs around 80% of the rural population and provides the main source of income in rural areas; However, agricultural residues such as rice husk, rice straw, corn cob, sugarcane baggasse, animal dung, etc, are limited to use for power generation. 3

4 Bioenergy used in Cambodia There are some biomass resources are used for energy consumption such as: Biogas resource from digestion of animal waste; Plastic-made household biodigester; Concrete-made household biodigester. Biogasifier from the agricultural wasted products and firewood including improved cook stove; Biofuel from the Jatropha; Biochar from the agricultural residues; Bioethanol from the cassava chips. 4

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6 Improved cook stove

7 Bioenergy pilot projects in Cambodia National Biodigester Programme(NBP) NBP is part of Asian Biogas Programme(ABP), granted funding from Dutch government via SNV, BMZ/GIZ and CZDA/PIN NBP is the national biodigesterprogrammeof the MAFF after signing MoU between MAFF and SNV in May 2005 NBP s phase I, , aiming at achieving 18,600 plants Phase II, planning: total planning of 23,000 biodigesters construction. 7

8 Bioenergy pilot projects in Cambodia (cont d) The using rice husk for sustainable development in rural Cambodia Community center Rice husk power generation with pyrolysis kiln High efficiency rice mill machine rice husk power Benefit 1: High-quality milled rice Benefit 2: Electricity supply Benefit 3: Biochar as soil improvement This pilot project supported by NEDO ((Japan) and implemented by MIME, MAFF, relevant institutions and private sector from June 2011 to Mach Improving farm soil - Raising crop/rice production 8

9 Bioenergy pilot projects in Cambodia (cont d) Capacity Building for Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy and Food Security in the Greater Mekong Subregion This pilot project supported by ADB and implemented by CLV countries from July 2011 to December The project focuses on 4 key technologies, lead to both GHG mitigation and climate change adaptation for poor rural households: i) Biogas and efficient use of bioslurry; ii) Biochar and clean charcoal; iii) Improved cook stoves (ICS); and iv) Intercropping oil seed crops. 9

10 Government policy on Bioenergy in Cambodia Government policy of promoting alternative energy is linked with reducing poverty by supplying energy and power to the poor, especially in the remote areas; The use of locally available recoverable energy is considered to be ideal in line with supporting local agricultural activities; Government s motive to develop agro-based recoverable energy is encouraged. Therefore, the local farmer can gain both income and economically reasonable power by producing agricultural crop being converted into fuel. 10

11 Conclusion Around 80 % of the Cambodia s total energy consumption is converted by biomass resources; The use of bioenergy resources are limited and only some pilot projects and other small scale applications are introduced; Bioenergy is needed to assess the technical feasibility and the economic and social potentials for the adoption of bioenergy technologies as well as to provide a preliminary assessment of the long-run commercial viability of biofuel programme in Cambodia; Poverty reduction remains the principle objective of any adoption of bioenergy technology. Thus, applications and services that use energy productivity to improve the livelihoods of people should be considered. 11

12 What we can convert agricultural wasted products into energy and soil improvement in Cambodia? The agricultural wasted products are rice husks, corn cobs, wood chips, coconut shells, cane sugar residues, peanut shells, etc. 12

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