Refrigerant Expanders Improve LNG Liquefaction Process

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Refrigerant Expanders Improve LNG Liquefaction Process"

Transcription

1 Refrigerant Expanders Improve LNG Liquefaction Process Chen-Hwa Chiu TEXACO Bellaire, TX 77401, USA Hans E. Kimmel EBARA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Sparks, Nevada 89434, USA In conventional natural gas liquefaction plants the gas is condensed under high pressure and then expanded in an isenthalpic process across a Joule-Thomson valve. Current LNG liquefaction plants expand the high pressure of liquefied gas across liquid turbine expanders, reducing the enthalpy of the liquefied gas and improving the process. The natural gas liquefaction process offers two different locations to install cryogenic liquid turbines: the expansion of the final LNG condensate and the expansion of the liquid coolant, the mixed refrigerant MR in the upstream cooling cycle. The first LNG plant using LNG expanders and MR cooling cycle expanders are successfully operating in Oman and in Malaysia. A practical model is presented to define the process improvements of mixed refrigerant and LNG expanders in natural gas liquefaction plants. The model is also applicable to multiple refrigerant expanders in cascade processes. INTRODUCTION The East Ohio Gas Co. in Cleveland/Ohio built the first commercial liquefaction plant for natural gas [1] in the early 1940 s. The plant produced 76 tons of LNG per day with a specific power consumption of 3010 kj/kg LNG. In 1956 a barge-mounted liquefaction plant built by Conch Methane Services Ltd. produced 150 tons LNG per day with a power consumption of 3000 kj/kg LNG. During this initial phase, attention was focused more on solving the difficult technological problems of liquefying larger quantities of LNG, rather than on reducing the liquefaction costs represented by the specific power consumption. This aspect has significantly changed in recent years. Current LNG liquefaction plants produce up to 7200 tons LNG per day per liquefaction module and operate with a specific power consumption of 1000 kj/kg LNG [2]. Increasing the mass flow and operating the plant at higher pressures achieved this substantial reduction in specific power consumption, and most recently by replacing the Joule-Thomson expansion valves with LNG and mixed refrigerant turbine expanders [5]. REFRIGERANT EXPANDERS Refrigerant expanders are cooling cycle expanders operated by refrigerants, which are liquefied gases such as propane, ethane, or hydrocarbon mixtures, used as cooling medium in the liquefaction process for natural gas. Refrigerant expanders are installed upstream the LNG condensation. The temperature of the liquefied refrigerant is higher than the temperature of LNG and the refrigerant is condensed under high pressure and expanded across the liquid expander. Similar to the LNG expander [2], the cooling cycle expander reduces the enthalpy of the refrigerant fluid. Different from the LNG expander the enthalpy reduction of the refrigerant is not directly reducing the LNG boil-off because the expansion occurs above the boiling temperature of LNG. A model is presented to calculate the effect of cooling cycle refrigerant expanders on the improvement of LNG liquefaction process through reduction of LNG boil-off. The model is also applicable to multiple refrigerant expanders used in cascade processes.

2 EXPANDER THERMODYNAMICS The reduction of LNG boil-off gas m depends on the LNG enthalpy reduction h across the LNG turbine expander at the LNG temperature T L over the specific heat of vaporization C P. m = h / C P To remove the same amount of enthalpy through an ideal Carnot refrigeration process using seawater cooling at the temperature T S would require a minimum work input w C of w C = h (T S T L )/ T L The ratio COP = T L (T S T L ) is the Carnot Coefficient of Performance for refrigeration. Figure 1 compares the LNG enthalpy reduction directly achieved by the LNG expander for an ideal Carnot refrigeration process [3]. The actual refrigeration process is less efficient and requires a work input of w A. Typically the value of w A is 3.75( h). Figure 2 compares the LNG enthalpy reduction directly achieved by the LNG expander for an actual refrigeration process. Figure 1: Carnot Process and LNG Expander The ratio of Carnot to actual work input defines A, the actual process efficiency, which is approximately constant across the entire refrigeration process. A w C w A Assuming that the refrigerant expander for an ideal Carnot process reduces the enthalpy of the refrigerant by the same amount of h as the LNG expander, but at a higher refrigerant temperature T M, then an additional amount of work w MC is necessary to achieve the same effect of enthalpy reduction h at the lower LNG temperature T L. w MC = h (T M T L ) T L Figure 3 compares the LNG enthalpy reduction h achieved by the refrigerant expander for an ideal Carnot process, by reducing the refrigerant enthalpy with ( h + w MC ) at the higher temperature T M. To achieve the same effect with an actual refrigeration process the reduction of the refrigerant enthalpy at the temperature T M using refrigerant expanders has to be equal to h MA : h MA = h + w MA = h + w A (T M T L ) (T S T L ) = h [ 1+ (T M T L ) ( A T L )] Figure 4 compares the LNG enthalpy reduction h achieved by the refrigerant expander for an actual refrigeration process with w MA as the additional amount of work [4].

3 Figure 2: Actual Process and LNG Expander COOLING CYCLE ZERO POINT The total enthalpy reduction h MA is a linear function of T M and for h MA = 0 the line intersects with the temperature scale at T Z. h MA h = (T M T Z ) (T L T Z ) = 1+ (T M T L ) ( A T L ) This equation simplifies to the linear relation: T Z = T L (1 A ) The interpretation of T Z is that a refrigerant cooling cycle expander at T M would have no effect on enthalpy reduction at the temperature T Z. The definition of the temperature T Z is an expression unique to refrigerant cooling cycle expanders in gas liquefaction processes and is defined as Cooling Cycle Zero Point [3]. In the case of an ideal Carnot refrigeration process with an efficiency A = 1, the temperature T Z is equal to the absolute zero point temperature T Z = 0. The maximum theoretical reduction of LNG boil-off for a Carnot refrigeration process using cooling cycle expanders is proportional to: h = h MA T L T M With A = 0 for a completely inefficient refrigeration process the temperature T Z is equal to T L and the necessary additional work w MA becomes infinite large. In this case the refrigerant cooling cycle expander would have no effect on the reduction of LNG boil-off. The Cooling Cycle Zero Point T Z describes the process efficiency of gas liquefaction using liquid expanders. The efficiency is higher for smaller T Z. LNG BOIL-OFF REDUCTION The actual refrigeration process efficiency A is within the range 0 A 1 and the effect of the enthalpy reduction h MA of cooling cycle expanders to the reduction h of LNG boil-off can be calculated by h = h MA A T L / [T M (1 A )T L ] Also h can be calculated by using T Z. h = h MA (T L T Z ) (T M T Z ) Both formulas include the case of the LNG expander itself with the temperature of the refrigerant equal to the LNG temperature T M = T L and calculating the expected result of h = h MA for LNG expanders. The effect of refrigerant expanders at higher temperature T M on the reduction of LNG boil-off gas m is equal to: m = h C P = [ h MA (T L T Z )]/[C P (T M T Z )] with h MA as the enthalpy reduction across the refrigerant cooling cycle expander.

4 Figure 3: Carnot Process and Refrigerant Expander Figure 4: Actual Process and Refrigerant Expander CASCADE PROCESS The above-described model is a practical method to calculate the process improvements of refrigerant cooling cycle and LNG expanders in natural gas liquefaction plants. The model is also applicable to multiple refrigerant expanders used in cascade processes. In cascade processes with N multiple cooling cycles each cycle R operates with a different refrigerant at different temperatures T MR (R = 1,2,3 N). Each cooling cycle expands the high-pressure liquid refrigerant across an expander reducing the enthalpy of the refrigerant R by the amount of h MAR. The effect of the refrigerant expander R on the LNG enthalpy reduction is equal to h R and on the LNG boiloff reduction is equal to m R.

5 h MAR h R = (T MR T Z ) (T L T Z ) = 1+ (T MR T L ) ( A T L ) 1 Habets and Kimmel [2] presented the formula for the additional LNG mass output m using only LNG turbine expanders. m R = h R C P = [ h MAR (T L T Z )]/[C P (T MR T Z )] These formulas can be extended to calculate the additional LNG mass output m R achieved by each refrigerant cooling cycle expanders R. MR m MR H MR g (T L T Z ) m R = C P (T MR T Z ) MR m MR H MR isentropic efficiency of refrigerant expander R mass flow through refrigerant expander R differential head across refrigerant expander R g gravity g = 9.81 m/s 2 To calculate the total LNG boil-off reduction m TOTAL using one LNG expander and N multiple refrigerant expanders R in cascade processes the effect of each individual expander has to be added. m TOTAL = m LNG + m R with R= 1,2,3 N m LNG = m R for T MR = T L and with the refrigerant values for LNG Figure 5 demonstrates the total effect of multiple refrigerant expanders in a cascade process on the total LNG enthalpy and boil-off reduction h TOTAL. The example uses one LNG expander with an LNG enthalpy reduction of h and three refrigerant expanders R=1,2,3 with refrigerant temperatures of T M1,T M2,T M3 and refrigerant enthalpy reductions of h M1, h M2, h M3. The total LNG enthalpy reduction h TOTAL is the sum of h and the effective enthalpy reductions h R of each refrigerant expander R. h TOTAL = h + h R To achieve the same effect in LNG enthalpy reduction without LNG and refrigerant expanders a total work input of ( h TOTAL + w TOTAL ) would be required at the temperature T S of the seawater coolant. Figure 5: Effect of Multiple Refrigerant Expanders in Cascade Processes

6 CONCLUDING REMARKS Refrigerant cooling cycle expanders significantly improve the LNG liquefaction process by increasing the LNG output. The total effect of multiple refrigerant expanders on the LNG output is calculated by adding up the effects of all individual refrigerant expanders to the effect of the LNG expander. The effect of refrigerant expanders depends on the temperature of the refrigerant. As lower the temperature of the refrigerant, as higher is the effect on LNG boil-off reduction. REFERENCES 1. Turner, C.F., (1944) Liquefying and Storing Natural Gas for Peak Loads, American Gas Association Monthly Vol.26, pg.243-6, June Habets, G.L.G.M. and Kimmel, H.E., (1999) Economics of Cryogenic Turbine Expanders, The International Journal of Hydrocarbon Engineering, December/January 1998/99 3. Song, M.C.K. and Kimmel, H.E., (2000) Cooling Cycle Expanders Improve LNG Liquefaction Process CUChE-3, Third Joint China/USA Chemical Engineering Conference, September 2000, Beijing, China 4. Chiu, Chen-Hwa and Kimmel, H.E. (2001) Process Thermodynamics of Heavy Mixed Refrigerant Liquid Expanders Natural Gas Utilization Topical Conference, 2001 AIChE Spring National Meeting, April 2001, Houston, Texas, USA 5. Chiu, Chen-Hwa and Kimmel, H.E. (2001) Turbo-Expander Technology Development for LNG Plants Thirteenth International Conference on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG 13), May 2001, Seoul, Korea

Compact liquefied gas expander technological advances

Compact liquefied gas expander technological advances Compact liquefied gas expander technological advances Joel V. Madison President Ebara International Corporation SYNOPSIS LNG expanders are now an important part of every new LNG liquefaction plant. The

More information

Improved LNG Production Using Process Controlled Two-Phase LNG Expanders

Improved LNG Production Using Process Controlled Two-Phase LNG Expanders Improved LNG Production Using Process Controlled Two-Phase LNG Expanders KBR Paper 2260 China International LNG Conference 28-30 June 2011 Beijing, China Gilbert LGM Habets Consultancy & Engineering Services

More information

Power Recovery in LNG Regasification Plants

Power Recovery in LNG Regasification Plants Power Recovery in LNG Regasification Plants Harry K. Clever Director of Sales hclever@ebaraintl.com Hans E. Kimmel Executive Director R&D hkimmel@ebaraintl.com Ebara International Corporation Sparks, Nevada,

More information

GASTECH 2OO2. Everett Hylton, President, Ebara International Corporation. Hans Kimmel, Vice President, Ebara International Corporation

GASTECH 2OO2. Everett Hylton, President, Ebara International Corporation. Hans Kimmel, Vice President, Ebara International Corporation PROGRAMME GASTECH 2OO2 Everett Hylton, President, Ebara International Corporation EVERETT E. HYLTON, President of Ebara International Corporation, after serving in the U.S. Navy, received a B.Sc. from

More information

TURBO-EXPANDER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR LNG PLANTS DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA TECHNOLOGIE DES TURBO- EXPANSEURS POUR LES CENTRALES DE GNL

TURBO-EXPANDER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR LNG PLANTS DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA TECHNOLOGIE DES TURBO- EXPANSEURS POUR LES CENTRALES DE GNL TURBO-EXPANDER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR LNG PLANTS DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA TECHNOLOGIE DES TURBO- EXPANSEURS POUR LES CENTRALES DE GNL Chen-Hwa Chiu, Ph.D., P.E. Technology Advisor, LNG & Gas Processing

More information

Liquefaction Process to Extend Lifetime of Depleting Gas Fields

Liquefaction Process to Extend Lifetime of Depleting Gas Fields Liquefaction Process to Extend Lifetime of Depleting Gas Fields Munir Amsyari Corporate Secretary munir@badaklng.co.id P.T.Badak Jakarta, Indonesia Muljono Sutedjo Director muljono.sutedjo@indobara.co.id

More information

POWER RECOVERY IN FLOATING LNG REGASIFICATION PLANTS

POWER RECOVERY IN FLOATING LNG REGASIFICATION PLANTS POWER RECOVERY IN FLOATING LNG REGASIFICATION PLANTS Arindom Goswami Senior Principal Engineer M. W. Kellogg Ltd Greenford, UB6 0JA, U.K. arindom.goswami@mwkl.co.uk Hans E. Kimmel Executive Director R&D

More information

Joel V. Madison President

Joel V. Madison President LNG Expanders - 10th Anniversary Keynote Address AIChE Spring Annual Meeting Orlando, Florida April 25, 2006 Joel V. Madison President Ebara International Corporation Nevada, USA Headquarters and Factory

More information

Transfer and Storage of Flammable Liquefied Hydrocarbon Gases

Transfer and Storage of Flammable Liquefied Hydrocarbon Gases Transfer and Storage of Flammable Liquefied Hydrocarbon Gases GPA Technical Meeting Antwerp, Belgium 22-24 February, 2012 Moving Fluids - Developments in Machinery Joel V. Madison CEO & President Ebara

More information

Using LNG Expanders for Optimised LNG Production

Using LNG Expanders for Optimised LNG Production LNG Plant Optimisation September 20-21, 2005 Sheraton Imperial Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Using LNG Expanders for Optimised LNG Production Joel V. Madison President Ebara International Corporation USA

More information

Magnetically Coupled Submerged Cryogenic Pumps and Expanders for Ammonia Applications

Magnetically Coupled Submerged Cryogenic Pumps and Expanders for Ammonia Applications Paper 4d Magnetically Coupled Submerged Cryogenic Pumps and Expanders for Ammonia Applications Liquefied Ammonia, or Liquid NH3, is (like LNG or liquefied natural gas) a cryogenic fluid and production

More information

Fifteen Years of Field Experience in LNG Expander Technology

Fifteen Years of Field Experience in LNG Expander Technology Proceedings of the First Middle East Turbomachinery Symposium February 13-16, 2011, Doha, Qatar Fifteen Years of Field Experience in LNG Expander Technology Vinod P. Patel Chief Technical Advisor Machinery

More information

Two-Phase Expanders Replace Joule-Thomson Valves at Nitrogen Rejection Plants

Two-Phase Expanders Replace Joule-Thomson Valves at Nitrogen Rejection Plants Two-Phase Expanders Replace Joule-Thomson Valves at Nitrogen Rejection Plants 5 th World LNG Summit, 1 st to 3 rd December 2004 Katarzyna Cholast and Andrzej Kociemba Process Advisors Ostrów Wielkopolski

More information

FEE, CTU in Prague Power Engineering 2 (BE5B15EN2) Exercise 3

FEE, CTU in Prague Power Engineering 2 (BE5B15EN2) Exercise 3 Example 1: How is the applied heat for 1 kg of water steam at constant pressure p = 1.47 MPa, if the dryness of wet water is increased from x 1 = 0.8 to x 2 = 0.96? Dryness of wet steam the ratio of steam

More information

Cryogenic Expanders Operating on LNG-FPSO Vessels Hans E. Kimmel

Cryogenic Expanders Operating on LNG-FPSO Vessels Hans E. Kimmel Cryogenic Expanders Operating on LNG-FPSO Vessels Hans E. Kimmel Executive Director Research and Development Ebara International Corporation Sparks, Nevada, USA hkimmel@ebaraintl.com Hans E. Kimmel is

More information

Modified Reverse-Brayton Cycles for Efficient Liquefaction of Natural Gas

Modified Reverse-Brayton Cycles for Efficient Liquefaction of Natural Gas Modified Reverse-Brayton Cycles for Efficient Liquefaction of Natural Gas H.M. Chang 1, J.H. Park 1, K.S. Cha 2, S. Lee 2 and K.H. Choe 2 1 Hong Ik University, Seoul, Korea 121-791 2 Korea Gas Corporation,

More information

MONITORING CRYOGENIC TURBINES USING NO-LOAD CHARACTERISTICS

MONITORING CRYOGENIC TURBINES USING NO-LOAD CHARACTERISTICS 8th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, ISROMAC-8, March 26-30, 2000, Honolulu, HI, USA MONITORING CRYOGENIC TURBINES USING NO-LOAD CHARACTERISTICS Gilbert

More information

REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ACROSS THE LNG CHAIN

REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ACROSS THE LNG CHAIN REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ACROSS THE LNG CHAIN Chiu, Chen-Hwa, ChevronTexaco Energy Research and Technology Company Knaus, Chris, ChevronTexaco Energy Research and Technology Company Lewis, Craig,

More information

Faculty of Engineering 2 nd year 2016 Mechanical Engineering Dep. Final-exam (code: M 1222)

Faculty of Engineering 2 nd year 2016 Mechanical Engineering Dep. Final-exam (code: M 1222) Benha University Thermodynamics II Faculty of Engineering 2 nd year 2016 Mechanical Engineering Dep. Final-exam (code: M 1222) Time: Three Hours (attempt all questions) (assume any missing data) Question1

More information

AIChE Spring Conference 2005 Topical Conference on Natural Gas Utilization

AIChE Spring Conference 2005 Topical Conference on Natural Gas Utilization AIChE Spring Conference 2005 Topical Conference on Natural Gas Utilization LNG Expander for Extended Operating Range In Large-Scale Liquefaction Trains Munir Amsyari Plant Coordinator Zudiharto Senior

More information

LECTURE-14. Air Refrigeration Cycles. Coefficient of Performance of a Refrigerator:

LECTURE-14. Air Refrigeration Cycles. Coefficient of Performance of a Refrigerator: Lecturer: -Dr. Esam Mejbil Abid Subject: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Year: Fourth B.Sc. Babylon University College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering LECTURE-14 Air Refrigeration

More information

CONTINUOUSLY TRANSIENT OPERATION OF TWO-PHASE LNG EXPANDERS

CONTINUOUSLY TRANSIENT OPERATION OF TWO-PHASE LNG EXPANDERS CONTINUOUSLY TRANSIENT OPERATION OF TWO-PHASE LNG EXPANDERS Christopher D. Finley Ebara International Corp. 35 Salomon Cr. Sparks, NV 89434 Phone (775) 356-2796 Prepared for Presentation at AIChE Spring

More information

DYNAMICS OF BASELOAD LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS PLANTS ADVANCED MODELLING AND CONTROL STRATEGIES

DYNAMICS OF BASELOAD LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS PLANTS ADVANCED MODELLING AND CONTROL STRATEGIES DYNAMICS OF BASELOAD LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS PLANTS ADVANCED MODELLING AND CONTROL STRATEGIES Dr. Matthew J. Okasinski, P.E. Principal Engineer Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA

More information

EBARA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Cryodynamics Division. Cryogenic Turbine Expanders. cryodynamics. Cryogenic Expanders for Liquefied Gas

EBARA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Cryodynamics Division. Cryogenic Turbine Expanders. cryodynamics. Cryogenic Expanders for Liquefied Gas EBARA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Cryodynamics Division Cryogenic Turbine Expanders cryodynamics Cryogenic Expanders for Liquefied Gas Who we are Liquefaction EBARA International Corporation, Cryodynamics

More information

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Lab

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Lab DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Lab Introduction The application of thermodynamics to any real problem starts with

More information

COMBINED HEAT AND POWER SYSTEMS IN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG) REGASIFICATION PROCESSES

COMBINED HEAT AND POWER SYSTEMS IN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG) REGASIFICATION PROCESSES http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/drill.2014.31.1.91 * * * COMBINED HEAT AND POWER SYSTEMS IN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG) REGASIFICATION PROCESSES 1. INTRODUCTION ing place in the neighborhood of natural gas deposits.

More information

GTI Small-Scale Liquefier Technology. March 2013

GTI Small-Scale Liquefier Technology. March 2013 GTI Small-Scale Liquefier Technology March 2013 GTI Liquefier System > Proven technology in use at 13,000-30,000 gpd > Optimized for energy efficiency > System well suited to rapid start-up and frequent

More information

Available online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 152 (2016 )

Available online at   ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 152 (2016 ) Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 152 (2016 ) 209 218 International Conference on Oil and Gas Engineering, OGE-2016 About LNG energy utilization efficiency estimation

More information

LNG Basics for Petroleum Engineers

LNG Basics for Petroleum Engineers LNG Basics for Petroleum Engineers Michael Choi Retired 1 To help protect your privacy, PowerPoint has blocked automatic download of this picture. Primary funding is provided by The SPE Foundation through

More information

Multi-Stage Cascade Refrigeration System

Multi-Stage Cascade Refrigeration System Multi-Stage Cascade Refrigeration System Contents Refrigeration Cycle and Input Condition of Natural Gas Cascade Refrigeration Three-Stage Refrigeration of methane Two-Stage Refrigeration of ethylene Three-Stage

More information

K.S. Rawat 1, H. Khulve 2, A.K. Pratihar 3 1,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar , India

K.S. Rawat 1, H. Khulve 2, A.K. Pratihar 3 1,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar , India Thermodynamic Analysis of Combined ORC-VCR System Using Low Grade Thermal Energy K.S. Rawat 1, H. Khulve 2, A.K. Pratihar 3 1,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar-263145, India 2 Department

More information

Chapter 5: Thermodynamic Processes and Cycles

Chapter 5: Thermodynamic Processes and Cycles Chapter 5: Thermodynamic Processes and Cycles 5-6) This problem examines the Rankine heat engine introduced in Figure 5-5. Saturated steam at T = 250 C enters the turbine and the condenser operates at

More information

Teknologi Pemrosesan Gas (TKK 564) Instructor: Dr. Istadi (http://tekim.undip.ac.id/staf/istadi )

Teknologi Pemrosesan Gas (TKK 564) Instructor: Dr. Istadi (http://tekim.undip.ac.id/staf/istadi ) Teknologi Pemrosesan Gas (TKK 564) Instructor: Dr. Istadi (http://tekim.undip.ac.id/staf/istadi ) Email: istadi@undip.ac.id id Instructor s t Background BEng. (1995): Universitas Diponegoro Meng. (2000):

More information

The book has been printed in the camera ready form

The book has been printed in the camera ready form The book has been printed in the camera ready form All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,

More information

Problems in chapter 9 CB Thermodynamics

Problems in chapter 9 CB Thermodynamics Problems in chapter 9 CB Thermodynamics 9-82 Air is used as the working fluid in a simple ideal Brayton cycle that has a pressure ratio of 12, a compressor inlet temperature of 300 K, and a turbine inlet

More information

Research on a Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle for Hydrogen Liquefaction

Research on a Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle for Hydrogen Liquefaction Research on a Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle for Hydrogen Liquefaction T. Utaki 1, K. Kamiya 2, T. Nakagawa 1, T. A. Yamamoto 1 and T. Numazawa 2 1 Graduate school of Engineering, Osaka University Osaka,

More information

EXTRA CREDIT OPPORTUNITY: Due end of day, Thursday, Dec. 14

EXTRA CREDIT OPPORTUNITY: Due end of day, Thursday, Dec. 14 EXRA CREDI OPPORUNIY: Due end of day, hursday, Dec. 4 his extra credit set of questions is an opportunity to improve your test scores (including an insurance policy for your final exam grade). here are

More information

Natural Gas Processing Unit Modules Definitions

Natural Gas Processing Unit Modules Definitions Natural Gas Processing Unit Modules Definitions Alberta Climate Change Office Draft Version 1.0 December 2018 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

More information

GTI Small Scale Liquefier Technology

GTI Small Scale Liquefier Technology GTI Small Scale Liquefier Technology LNG 17 Houston, TX April 18, 2013 Tony Lindsay. P.E. R&D Director Gas Technology Institute What We Do >GTI takes on tough energy challenges, turning raw technology

More information

- 2 - SME Q1. (a) Briefly explain how the following methods used in a gas-turbine power plant increase the thermal efficiency:

- 2 - SME Q1. (a) Briefly explain how the following methods used in a gas-turbine power plant increase the thermal efficiency: - 2 - Q1. (a) Briefly explain how the following methods used in a gas-turbine power plant increase the thermal efficiency: i) regenerator ii) intercooling between compressors (6 marks) (b) Air enters a

More information

Utilisation of LNG Cold Energy at Maptaput LNG Receiving Terminal

Utilisation of LNG Cold Energy at Maptaput LNG Receiving Terminal Utilisation of LNG Cold Energy at Maptaput LNG Receiving Terminal Phatthi Punyasukhananda 1,2,* and Athikom Bangviwat 1,2 1 The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut s University

More information

PERFORMANCE STUDY OF SOLAR THERMAL BINARY POWER CYCLES

PERFORMANCE STUDY OF SOLAR THERMAL BINARY POWER CYCLES Jurnal Mekanikal December 2011, No 33, 56-69 PERFORMANCE STUDY OF SOLAR THERMAL BINARY POWER CYCLES Mohd Anas Md Amin and Farid Nasir Ani * Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

More information

ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF HEAT PUMP USING R744/R32 REFRIGERANT MIXTURE

ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF HEAT PUMP USING R744/R32 REFRIGERANT MIXTURE THERMAL SCIENCE, Year 2014, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp. 1649-1654 1649 ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF HEAT PUMP USING R744/R32 REFRIGERANT MIXTURE by Fang WANG, Xiao-Wei FAN, Jie CHEN, and Zhi-Wei LIAN School of

More information

Arindom Goswami Technical Professional Leader M.W.Kellogg Ltd Greenford, UB6 0JA, U.K.

Arindom Goswami Technical Professional Leader M.W.Kellogg Ltd Greenford, UB6 0JA, U.K. Power Recovery in Floating LNG Regasification Plants Arindom Goswami Technical Professional Leader M.W.Kellogg Ltd Greenford, UB6 0JA, U.K. arindom.goswami@mwkl.co.uk Hans E. Kimmel Executive Director

More information

LNG LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS TECHNOLOGIES

LNG LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS TECHNOLOGIES LNG LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS TECHNOLOGIES Air Liquide Group Air Liquide Engineering & Construction The world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health Air Liquide is present in 80

More information

GT-LPG Max SM. Maximizing LPG Recovery from Fuel Gas Using a Dividing Wall Column. Engineered to Innovate

GT-LPG Max SM. Maximizing LPG Recovery from Fuel Gas Using a Dividing Wall Column. Engineered to Innovate GTC Technology White Paper GT-LPG Max SM Maximizing LPG Recovery from Fuel Using a Dividing Wall Column Engineered to Innovate GT-LPG Max SM Maximizing LPG Recovery from Fuel Using a Dividing Wall Column

More information

Lecture No.1. Vapour Power Cycles

Lecture No.1. Vapour Power Cycles Lecture No.1 1.1 INTRODUCTION Thermodynamic cycles can be primarily classified based on their utility such as for power generation, refrigeration etc. Based on this thermodynamic cycles can be categorized

More information

Improving Natural Gas Liquefaction Plant Performance with Process Analyzers

Improving Natural Gas Liquefaction Plant Performance with Process Analyzers Process Analytics Improving Natural Gas Liquefaction Plant Performance with Process Analyzers LNG is natural gas in its liquid state with high energy density, which makes it useful for storage and transportation

More information

GTC TECHNOLOGY. GT-UWC SM How a Uniting Wall Column Maximizes LPG Recovery. Engineered to Innovate WHITE PAPER

GTC TECHNOLOGY. GT-UWC SM How a Uniting Wall Column Maximizes LPG Recovery. Engineered to Innovate WHITE PAPER GTC TECHNOLOGY GT-UWC SM How a Uniting Wall Column Maximizes LPG Recovery WHITE PAPER Engineered to Innovate Maximizing LPG Recovery from Fuel Using a Uniting Wall Column Refiners have a challenge to recover

More information

OPTIMUM COMPRESSOR CONTROLS FOR CLOSED LOOP REFRIGERATION

OPTIMUM COMPRESSOR CONTROLS FOR CLOSED LOOP REFRIGERATION OPTIMUM COMPRESSOR CONTROLS FOR CLOSED LOOP REFRIGERATION William P. Schmidt Janet Firley Mitchell Matthew J. Okasinski Jeremy D. Beard Air Products and Chemicals Abstract This paper discusses compressor

More information

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FINAL EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2008 MIE 411H1 F - THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FINAL EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2008 MIE 411H1 F - THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FINAL EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2008 MIE 411H1 F - THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION Exam Type: X Examiner: J.S. Wallace You may use your copy of the

More information

Research progress on cryogenic mixed-gases Joule-Thomson refrigeration in TIPC of CAS

Research progress on cryogenic mixed-gases Joule-Thomson refrigeration in TIPC of CAS Research progress on cryogenic mixed-gases Joule-Thomson refrigeration in TIPC of CAS Maoqiong GONG Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Email: gongmq@mail.ipc.ac.cn

More information

R13. II B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, Oct/Nov THERMODYNAMICS (Com. to ME, AE, AME) Time: 3 hours Max.

R13. II B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, Oct/Nov THERMODYNAMICS (Com. to ME, AE, AME) Time: 3 hours Max. SET - 1 1. a) Discuss about PMM I and PMM II b) Explain about Quasi static process. c) Show that the COP of a heat pump is greater than the COP of a refrigerator by unity. d) What is steam quality? What

More information

Title slide. LNG Technology. Compiled by PD.Supriyadi

Title slide. LNG Technology. Compiled by PD.Supriyadi Title slide LNG Technology Compiled by PD.Supriyadi 1 What is LNG? Colorless, odorless, non toxic hydrocarbon in very low temperature liquid form (cryogenic) Mainly (90% plus) is Methane, the lightest

More information

Bringing greater efficiency to small-scale LNG with multi-section integrally geared compressors HANDLE THE PRESSURE

Bringing greater efficiency to small-scale LNG with multi-section integrally geared compressors HANDLE THE PRESSURE Bringing greater efficiency to small-scale LNG with multi-section integrally geared compressors Tushar Patel, Marketing Manager for Atlas Copco Gas and Process. For more information, please contact the

More information

LNG UNIT (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE)

LNG UNIT (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE) Page : 1 of 60 Guidelines for Processing Plant www.klmtechgroup.com Rev 01 KLM Technology #03-12 Block Aronia, Jalan Sri Perkasa 2 Taman Tampoi Utama 81200 Johor Bahru Malaysia (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE)

More information

Simulation Analysis of Shell Plate-Type Heat Exchanger Using Liquified Natural Gas Cold Energy for Refrigerated Warehouses

Simulation Analysis of Shell Plate-Type Heat Exchanger Using Liquified Natural Gas Cold Energy for Refrigerated Warehouses Simulation Analysis of Shell Plate-Type Heat Exchanger Using Liquified Natural Gas Cold Energy for Refrigerated Warehouses Danbee Han 1, Youngsoon Baek 2, Wooksang Cho 3, Jaerin Shin 4 1,2,3 Department

More information

An Introduction to the Patented. VX TM Cycle. Small-Scale Production of LNG from Low-Pressure Gas by Methane Expansion

An Introduction to the Patented. VX TM Cycle. Small-Scale Production of LNG from Low-Pressure Gas by Methane Expansion An Introduction to the Patented VX TM Cycle Small-Scale Production of LNG from Low-Pressure Gas by Methane Expansion A. What opportunities and problems does the VX TM Cycle address? The VX Cycle (short

More information

Precooling strategies for efficient natural gas liquefaction

Precooling strategies for efficient natural gas liquefaction Originally appeared in: September/October 217, pgs 19-29. Used with permission. SPECIAL FOCUS: LNG TECHNOLOGY Precooling strategies for efficient natural gas liquefaction G. KRISHNAMURTHY, M. J. ROBERTS

More information

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HEAT PUMP SYSTEM USING R744/R161 MIXTURE REFRIGERANT

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HEAT PUMP SYSTEM USING R744/R161 MIXTURE REFRIGERANT THERMAL SCIENCE, Year 2014, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp. 1673-1677 1673 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HEAT PUMP SYSTEM USING R744/R161 MIXTURE REFRIGERANT by Xian-Ping ZHANG a,b, Xin-Li WEI b, Xiao-Wei FAN c*, Fu-Jun

More information

Enhancement of LNG Propane Cycle through Waste Heat Powered Absorption Cooling

Enhancement of LNG Propane Cycle through Waste Heat Powered Absorption Cooling Enhancement of LNG Propane Cycle through Waste Heat Powered Absorption Cooling A. Mortazavi 1, P. Rodgers 2, S. Al-Hashimi 2, Y. Hwang 1 and R. Radermacher 1 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University

More information

CO 2 RECOVERY FROM CO 2 REMOVAL UNIT AT GL1Z PLANT

CO 2 RECOVERY FROM CO 2 REMOVAL UNIT AT GL1Z PLANT CO 2 RECOVERY FROM CO 2 REMOVAL UNIT AT GL1Z PLANT Hocine Friha Chemical Engineer Technical Department GL1Z/ Sonatrach Bethioua, Oran, Algeria hfriha@avl.sonatrach.dz ABSTRACT Algeria which has ratified

More information

Process Integration for Power-dominated Cryogenic Energy Systems 1. Introduction 2. Multi-period Synthesis of Power Systems

Process Integration for Power-dominated Cryogenic Energy Systems 1. Introduction 2. Multi-period Synthesis of Power Systems CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS Volume 21, 2010 Editor J. J. Klemeš, H. L. Lam, P. S. Varbanov Copyright 2010, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l., ISBN 978-88-95608-05-1 ISSN 1974-9791 DOI: 10.3303/CET1021044 259

More information

Engineering Thermodynamics

Engineering Thermodynamics Unit 61: Engineering Thermodynamics Unit code: D/601/1410 QCF level: 5 Credit value: 15 Aim This unit will extend learners knowledge of heat and work transfer. It will develop learners understanding of

More information

R13 SET - 1 '' ''' '' ' '''' Code No: RT31035

R13 SET - 1 '' ''' '' ' '''' Code No: RT31035 R13 SET - 1 III B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, October/November - 2016 THERMAL ENGINEERING II (Mechanical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70 Note: 1. Question Paper consists

More information

Energy Efficiency and Recovery at Large Scale Cryogenic Plants: A Survey

Energy Efficiency and Recovery at Large Scale Cryogenic Plants: A Survey Energy Efficiency and Recovery at Large Scale Cryogenic Plants: A Survey J. G. Weisend II, P. Arnold, R. Garoby, W. Hees, J. Jurns, A. Lundmark, X.L. Wang November 24, 2017 Introduction Cryogenics is an

More information

AREN 2110: Thermodynamics Spring 2010 Homework 7: Due Friday, March 12, 6 PM

AREN 2110: Thermodynamics Spring 2010 Homework 7: Due Friday, March 12, 6 PM AREN 2110: Thermodynamics Spring 2010 Homework 7: Due Friday, March 12, 6 PM 1. Answer the following by circling the BEST answer. 1) The boundary work associated with a constant volume process is always

More information

CHAPTER 5 MASS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL VOLUMES

CHAPTER 5 MASS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL VOLUMES Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach 8th Edition in SI Units Yunus A. Ç engel, Michael A. Boles McGraw-Hill, 2015 CHAPTER 5 MASS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL VOLUMES Objectives Develop the conservation

More information

NGL NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS TECHNOLOGIES

NGL NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS TECHNOLOGIES NGL NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS TECHNOLOGIES Air Liquide Group Air Liquide Engineering & Construction The world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health Air Liquide is present in 80 countries

More information

The Benefit of Variable-Speed Turbine Operation for Low Temperature Thermal Energy Power Recovery

The Benefit of Variable-Speed Turbine Operation for Low Temperature Thermal Energy Power Recovery Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2014 The Benefit of Variable-Speed Turbine Operation for Low Temperature Thermal Energy

More information

NOVEL SCHEME FOR SMALL SCALE LNG PRODUCTION in POLAND. W.H. Isalski

NOVEL SCHEME FOR SMALL SCALE LNG PRODUCTION in POLAND. W.H. Isalski NOVEL SCHEME FOR SMALL SCALE LNG PRODUCTION in POLAND W.H. Isalski Presentation Overview The history of gas de-nitrogenation in Poland Changes in feed gas Changes in market conditions Expanding market

More information

BOIL-OFF GAS MANAGEMENT LNG TERMINAL TECHNOLOGIES

BOIL-OFF GAS MANAGEMENT LNG TERMINAL TECHNOLOGIES BOIL-OFF GAS MANAGEMENT LNG TERMINAL TECHNOLOGIES Air Liquide Group Air Liquide Engineering & Construction The world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health Air Liquide is present

More information

wb Thermodynamics 2 Lecture 10 Energy Conversion Systems

wb Thermodynamics 2 Lecture 10 Energy Conversion Systems wb1224 - Thermodynamics 2 Lecture 10 Energy Conversion Systems Piero Colonna, Lecturer Prepared with the help of Teus van der Stelt 13-12-2010 Delft University of Technology Challenge the future Content

More information

2nd International Conference on Small Scale LNG in Europe

2nd International Conference on Small Scale LNG in Europe Two-Phase Expander Potential for Reduced Power Requirements in LNG Production Plants 2nd International Conference on Small Scale LNG in Europe Bergen, Norway 22 nd -24 th May 2007 Eginhard Berger and Manfred

More information

LNG basics. Juan Manuel Martín Ordax

LNG basics. Juan Manuel Martín Ordax LNG basics Juan Manuel Martín Ordax LNG basics Definition: Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is the liquid form of natural gas. LNG is a natural gas. LNG is a liquid. When cooled at atmospheric pressure to temperatures

More information

Estimation of Boil-off-Gas BOG from Refrigerated Vessels in Liquefied Natural Gas Plant

Estimation of Boil-off-Gas BOG from Refrigerated Vessels in Liquefied Natural Gas Plant International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 3 No. 1, January, 2013 Estimation of Boil-off-Gas BOG from Refrigerated Vessels in Liquefied Natural Gas Plant Wordu, A. A, Peterside, B Department

More information

Large scale hydrogen liquefaction in combination with LNG re-gasification

Large scale hydrogen liquefaction in combination with LNG re-gasification Large scale hydrogen liquefaction in combination with LNG re-gasification Andres Kuendig a, Karl Loehlein a, Gert Jan Kramer b, Joep Huijsmans c a Linde Kryotechnik AG, Daettlikonerstrasse 5, 8422 Pfungen,

More information

Chapter 6: Stationary Combustion Systems

Chapter 6: Stationary Combustion Systems Chapter 6: Stationary Combustion Systems Figure 6-1. Schematic of components of coal-fired electric plant, with conversion of coal to electricity via boiler, turbine, and generator US Energy Sources 2004

More information

Refrigeration Cycle. Definitions , , 11-46, 11-49,

Refrigeration Cycle. Definitions , , 11-46, 11-49, Refrigeration Cycle Reading Problems - -7, -9 -, -46, -49, -03 Definitions the st law of thermodynamics tells us that heat flow occurs from a hot source to a cooler sink, therefore, energy in the form

More information

Investigations of N 2 O Transcritical Refrigeration Cycle Using Dedicated Mechanical Subcooling. Sanjeev Kumar 1 and Dr. D.K.

Investigations of N 2 O Transcritical Refrigeration Cycle Using Dedicated Mechanical Subcooling. Sanjeev Kumar 1 and Dr. D.K. e t International Journal on Emerging Technologies (Special Issue NCETST-2017) 8(1): 340-344(2017) (Published by Research Trend, Website: www.researchtrend.net) ISSN No. (Print) : 0975-8364 ISSN No. (Online)

More information

Sensitivity Analysis of Proposed LNG liquefaction Processes for LNG FPSO

Sensitivity Analysis of Proposed LNG liquefaction Processes for LNG FPSO Sensitivity Analysis of Proposed LNG liquefaction Processes for LNG FPSO Sultan Seif Pwaga Natural Gas Technology Submission date: July 2011 Supervisor: Carlos Alberto Dorao, EPT Norwegian University of

More information

NATURAL GAS HYDRATES & DEHYDRATION

NATURAL GAS HYDRATES & DEHYDRATION Training Title NATURAL GAS HYDRATES & DEHYDRATION Training Duration 5 days Training Venue and Dates Natural Gas Hydrates & Dehydration 5 02 26 June $3,750 Abu Dhabi, UAE In any of the 5 star hotels. The

More information

ANALYSIS OF REFRIGERATION CYCLE PERFORMANCE WITH AN EJECTOR

ANALYSIS OF REFRIGERATION CYCLE PERFORMANCE WITH AN EJECTOR 000 (06) DOI:.5/ matecconf/067000 ICMER 05 ANALYSIS OF REFRIGERATION CYCLE PERFORMANCE WITH AN EJECTOR Wani J. R., Aklilu T. Baheta,a, Abraham D. Woldeyohannes, and Suhaimi Hassan Department of Mechanical

More information

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of Thermodynamics Content Heat engine and its efficiency. Reversible and irreversible processes. The Carnot machine. Kelvin Planck Statement. Refrigerator and Coefficient of Performance. Statement

More information

ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF REGULATION AND ITS EFFICIENCY IN STEAM POWER CYCLES MASTER THESIS

ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF REGULATION AND ITS EFFICIENCY IN STEAM POWER CYCLES MASTER THESIS ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF REGULATION AND ITS EFFICIENCY IN STEAM POWER CYCLES MASTER THESIS Author: Ricardo Sánchez Pereiro Advisor: Piotr Krzyslak Poznan University of Technology 11/06/2012 INDEX

More information

Heat Effects in Gas Systems

Heat Effects in Gas Systems Heat Effects in Gas Systems Günter Wagner, LIWACOM and Zdeněk Vostrý, Simone Research Group Paper presented at the 9 th SIMONE Congress, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 15.-17. October 2008 Introduction This paper

More information

VANDOR S EXPANSION CYCLE: The VX Cycle

VANDOR S EXPANSION CYCLE: The VX Cycle An Introduction to the Patent Pending VANDOR S EXPANSION CYCLE: The VX Cycle Small-Scale Production of LNG from Low-Pressure Pipeline Gas by Methane Expansion A. What opportunities and problems does the

More information

A new cryogenic high-pressure H2 test area: First results

A new cryogenic high-pressure H2 test area: First results Proceedings of the 12th IIR International Conference: Dresden, Germany, September 11-14, 2012. A new cryogenic high-pressure H2 test area: First results J. Klier *, M. Rattey *,**, G. Kaiser *, M. Klupsch

More information

Chapter 1 STEAM CYCLES

Chapter 1 STEAM CYCLES Chapter 1 STEAM CYCLES Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mazlan Abdul Wahid Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia www.fkm.utm.my/~mazlan 1 Chapter 1 STEAM CYCLES 1 Chapter Objectives To carry

More information

THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED CRYOGENIC ENERGY STORAGE FOR LARGE SCALE ELECTRICITY GRID SERVICES. Finland *corresponding author

THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED CRYOGENIC ENERGY STORAGE FOR LARGE SCALE ELECTRICITY GRID SERVICES. Finland *corresponding author THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATED CRYOGENIC ENERGY STORAGE FOR LARGE SCALE ELECTRICITY GRID SERVICES Sakari Kaijaluoto 1, Markus Hurskainen 1,* and Pasi Vainikka 2 1 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Koivurannantie

More information

PAPER-I (Conventional)

PAPER-I (Conventional) 1. a. PAPER-I (Conventional) 10 kg of pure ice at 10 ºC is separated from 6 kg of pure water at +10 O C in an adiabatic chamber using a thin adiabatic membrane. Upon rupture of the membrane, ice and water

More information

Development of a New High efficiency Dual cycle Natural Gas Liquefaction Process

Development of a New High efficiency Dual cycle Natural Gas Liquefaction Process Gastech 2017 Conference Development of a New High efficiency Dual cycle Natural Gas Liquefaction Process Chang LIN, Hong WANG, Gailing BAI, Di WU China Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Corporation Limited.

More information

Enhancement of CO2 Refrigeration Cycle Using an Ejector: 1D Analysis

Enhancement of CO2 Refrigeration Cycle Using an Ejector: 1D Analysis Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2006 Enhancement of CO2 Refrigeration Cycle Using an Ejector: 1D Analysis Elias

More information

Low-Grade Waste Heat Recovery for Power Production using an Absorption-Rankine Cycle

Low-Grade Waste Heat Recovery for Power Production using an Absorption-Rankine Cycle Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2010 Low-Grade Waste Heat Recovery for Power Production using an Absorption-Rankine

More information

REFRIGERATION CYCLES

REFRIGERATION CYCLES REFRIGERATION CYCLES Carnot Cycle We start discussing the well-known Carnot cycle in its refrigeration mode. Figure 2-1: Carnot Cycle In this cycle we define the coefficient of performance as follows:

More information

Natural Refrigerants in different applications

Natural Refrigerants in different applications Natural Refrigerants in different applications Pega Hrnjak pega@illinois.edu Res. Professor, U. of Illinois, Urbana Champaign Co Director ACRC, President, CTS Copyright 2012 shecco & P. Hrnjak All rights

More information

SIMULATION OF NITROGEN LIQUEFICATION CYCLES

SIMULATION OF NITROGEN LIQUEFICATION CYCLES SIMULATION OF NITROGEN LIQUEFICATION CYCLES A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Technology in Thermal Engineering by SHAILESH PRASAD Roll-207ME313

More information

Thermodynamic Analysis of Geothermal Power Generation Combined Flash System with Binary Cycle

Thermodynamic Analysis of Geothermal Power Generation Combined Flash System with Binary Cycle roceedings World Geothermal Congress 200 Bali, Indonesia, 25-29 April 200 Thermodynamic Analysis of Geothermal ower Generation Combined Flash System with Binary Cycle Yu-lie GONG, Chao LUO.2, Wei-bin MA,

More information

Energy Conversion and Management

Energy Conversion and Management Energy Conversion and Management 50 (2009) 567 575 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Energy Conversion and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enconman A combined power cycle utilizing

More information

SIMULATION AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF A MIXED FLUID CASCADE LNG PLANT IN A TROPICAL CLIMATE USING A COMMERCIAL SIMULATOR

SIMULATION AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF A MIXED FLUID CASCADE LNG PLANT IN A TROPICAL CLIMATE USING A COMMERCIAL SIMULATOR SIMULATION AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF A MIXED FLUID CASCADE LNG PLANT IN A TROPICAL CLIMATE USING A COMMERCIAL SIMULATOR Gianfranco Rodríguez 1, Fabiana Arias 1, Maria G. Quintas 1, Alessandro Trigilio

More information