Planting Fuels. Boosting Low-Carbon Biofuels
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- Jasmin Carpenter
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1 Planting Fuels Boosting Low-Carbon Biofuels
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4 2020 & 2050 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goals
5 California s Carbon Footprint
6 Decarbonizing Transportation
7 Challenges for Low-Carbon Biofuels Policy Uncertainty Restricted Market Access Policy Misalignment Lack of Feedstock Access
8 Solutions to Boost the Market Increased State Support Financial Incentives for Incumbents Pollution Reduction Study Improved Feedstock Access
9 Reports: Blog: legal-planet.org
10 Low Carbon Fuel Standard Update Boosting Low-Carbon Biofuels Floyd Vergara Chief, Industrial Strategies Division January 22, 2016
11 Outline Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Background Current Status Recent Developments Boosting low-carbon biofuels production
12 LCFS History Original adoption in 2009, amended in 2011 Goal: Reduce carbon intensity (CI) of transportation fuel pool by at least 10% by 2020 Expected Benefits Reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions Transform and diversify fuel pool Reduce petroleum dependency 12
13 Key Part of GHG And AQ Portfolio Transportation sector responsible for: 40% of GHG emissions 80% NOx emissions 95% PM emissions LCFS works with the following programs to reduce transportation GHG emissions: Cap-and-Trade Program Advanced Clean Car Program SB 375 Mobile Source State Implementation Plan Key program to achieve Governor s petroleum reduction goal by GHG Target Scoping Plan (40% reduction by 2030) 13
14 Others Are Following California: Pacific Coast Collaborative Update CA, OR, and BC: Programs in place WA: Poison pill prevented action
15 Basic LCFS Requirements Sets annual carbon intensity (CI) standards for gasoline, diesel, and the fuels that replace them CI is the measure of GHG emissions associated with producing and consuming a fuel, which is measured in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per megajoule (gco 2 e/mj) CI based on complete lifecycle analysis 15
16 Fuel Life Cycle CARBOB 12 g/mj 14 g/mj 74 g/mj Oil Well 1 g/mj Refinery <1 g/mj Vehicle Transportation Transportation CARBOB 100 g/mj 16
17 Fuel Life Cycle Corn Ethanol 33 g/mj g/mj Emissions are Offset Corn Field 2 g/mj Bio-Refinery 3 g/mj Vehicle Transportation Transportation Land Use Change 20 g/mj - 13 g/mj Blend with CARBOB Corn Ethanol g/mj Co-products 17
18 Declining Carbon Intensity Curve Fuels above standard generate deficits x = deficit = credits Fuels below standard generate credits x 18
19 The LCFS Is Working Low carbon fuel use is increasing Credit market price is strong (~$120 per metric ton currently) Credits have exceeded deficits in all quarters and a significant credit bank has been built 19
20 20 Fuel Diversity Increasing: 2011 vs. 2014
21 CI Values of Major Biofuels Carbon Intensity (gco2e/mj ) Direct Life Cycle Emissions Indirect Land Use Change 0 21
22 2014 Biofuel Volumes: Imported vs. In-State Production 22
23 LCFS Re-Adopted (Sept. 2015) Core Concepts Remain Unchanged Key Areas of Improvement Use of lifecycle analysis including indirect land use change (ILUC) effects CI calculation tools updated using latest science Declining carbon intensity (CI) targets through targets adjusted Credit generation and trading Enhanced cost containment Quarterly and annual reporting requirements Streamlined implementation 23
24 Updated Carbon Intensity Targets Percent Reduction in Carbon Intensity Initial Compliance Curve (Pre Litigation) Historic Compliance Curve Historic % CI Reduction New Compliance Curve Historic CI is a composite of gasoline and diesel fuels 24
25 Illustrative Compliance Scenario: A Balanced Portfolio of Credit Sources Credits Generated (million metric ton) Refinery/Oil Extraction Credits Electricity Hydrogen Renewable NG Conventional NG Renewable Diesel Biodiesel Renewable Gasoline Other Ethanol Cellulosic Ethanol Cane Ethanol Corn Ethanol 25
26 New Cost Containment Provision Purpose: Ensure that the LCFS achieves its CI targets within a reasonable and predictable range of costs. Goals: Provide a route for compliance even if a credit shortfall occurs Strengthen incentives to invest in low-ci fuels Increase certainty regarding the maximum cost of compliance Prevent extreme market volatility Ensure that willing credit generators can sell available credits 26
27 27 Recent Biofuel Developments In California: Dec 15 - Biodico Westside opens world's first biofuel facility to operate entirely on renewable heat and power generated on site Jan 16 - Tesoro announces plans to co-process biocrude at California refineries Outside of California: Oct 15 - DuPont opens world s largest nameplate capacity cellulosic ethanol facility in Nevada, Iowa
28 Boosting Biofuel Production LCFS is a location-neutral consumption subsidy Out-of-state and in-state production treated equivalently Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program promotes in-state production Covers up-front capital cost Stakeholder suggestions to use GGRF-funded production subsidy to boost in-state production 28
29 29 Contacts Floyd Vergara, Division Chief, Industrial Strategies Division, (916) , Sam Wade, Branch Chief, Transportation Fuels Branch, Industrial Strategies Division, (916) ,
30 Boosting Biofuels in California Tim Olson California Energy Commission January 22, 2016 UCLA/UC Berkeley Law Luncheon
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32 Category Funded Activity (Proposed) Alternative Fuel Production Biofuel Production and Supply $20 $20 $20 Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Alternative Fuel and Advanced Technology Vehicles Electric Charging Infrastructure $15 $17 $17 Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure $20 $20 $20 Natural Gas Fueling Infrastructure $1.5 $5 $2.5 Natural Gas Vehicle Incentives $10 $10 $10 Light-Duty Electric Vehicle Deployment $5 - - Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicle Technology Demonstration and Scale-Up $15 Manufacturing $5 $20 $23 Emerging Opportunities $6 $3 $3 Related Needs and Opportunities Workforce Training and Development $2.5 $3 $2.5 Agreements Regional Alternative Fuel Readiness and - $2 $2 Planning Total $100 $100 $100
33 Lisa Mortenson Chief Executive Officer, Community Fuels
34 Planting Fuels Boosting Low-Carbon Biofuels
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