Enabling Inclusive Cities

Transcription

1 Enabling Inclusive Cities An Integrated Approach to Inclusive Urban Development Ramola Naik-Singru Urban Development Sp. (Consultant) RSDD / SEUW 28 th October 2013

2 What is Inclusive? INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT RESILIENT SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE AFFORDABLE Figure 3: CRITICAL ASPECTS OF INCLUSIVE URBAN DEVELOPMENT Inclusive urban infrastructure development is defined as an integrated approach encompassing sustainable, resilient and affordable solutions to the challenges faced by the urban poor and vulnerable groups by enhancing their access to urban services and infrastructure through targeted investments.

3 Inclusive Cities definition A city is Inclusive when there is equitable and affordable access to urban infrastructure, land, housing, social services and livelihood opportunities. Urban infrastructure includes water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, urban access roads and transport facilities, services are typically health and education. The inclusive city is built on joint strategic visions through a participatory planning and decision-making process shared between government, communities, civil society, and private sector. It offers adequate social protection for its constituents (systems for upholding children and juvenile, women, and indigenous peoples rights), and resilient to environmental challenges (climate change and disaster vulnerabilities). Source: ADB 2013, Urban Community of Practice, Inclusive Cities Working Group

4 Figure 2: DIMENSIONS OF URBAN POVERTY Employment insecurity, casual work; unskilled labor Lack of access to job markets & opportunities Lack of access to Governance & decision-making Macroeconomic crises High costs of living Cash Economy Lack of safety nets & labor protection Lack of assets Personal insecurity INCOME & SOCIAL POVERTY ENVIRONMENT POVERTY Housing tenure insecurity Inadequate housing, overcrowded and unhygienic living conditions Inadequate access to water and sanitation services Lack of access to solid waste facilities Exposure to hazardous chemical waste due to proximity to industries Exposure to air and noise pollution Constrained access to Education, Inability to afford school expenses Lack of access to schools Exposure to crime & violence Lack of safe, affordable and reliable public transport EDUCATION POVERTY HEALTH POVERTY Inadequate cash income Food insecurity and malnutrition Overcrowded and Unhygienic living conditions Exposure to food contamination, air and noise pollution etc. Source: Ramola Singru, Adapted from World Bank, 2002, A Sourcebook for Poverty Reduction Strategies, Vol. 2, Washington DC.

5 Figure 4 : INCLUSIVE URBAN REDEVELOPMENT APPROACH DIMENSIONS OF URBAN POVERTY FOCUS ASSETS FOCUS INVESTMENT THEMES INDICATIVE INCLUSIVE INVESTMENTS MICROFINANCE INCOME & SOCIAL FINANCE INCOME SOCIAL PROTECTION SME DEVELOPMENT LABOR MARKET REFORM CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION ACCESSIBILITY/ MOBILITY GENDER INCLUSIVE EDUCATION SOCIAL CAPITAL HEALTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION BASIC EDUCATION WATER & SANITATION PRIMARY HEALTH HEALTH BASIC URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ENERGY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE DECENTRALIZED ENERGY INCLUSIVE TRANSPORT URBAN TRANSPORT URBAN RENEWAL SLUM REHABILITATION ENVIRONMENT SHELTER LAND HOUSING HISTORIC CITY CENTER RESTORATION BROWNFIELD REDEVELOPMENT AFFORDABLE HOUSING

6 Figure 4 : INCLUSIVE URBAN REDEVELOPMENT APPROACH DIMENSIONS OF URBAN POVERTY FOCUS ASSETS INVESTMENT THEMES INDICATIVE INCLUSIVE INVESTMENTS MICROFINANCE INCOME & SOCIAL FINANCE INCOME SOCIAL PROTECTION SME DEVELOPMENT LABOR MARKET REFORM CBO CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION ACCESSIBILITY/ MOBILITY GENDER INCLUSIVE EDUCATION SOCIAL CAPITAL HEALTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION BASIC EDUCATION WATER & SANITATION PRIMARY HEALTH HEALTH BASIC URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ENERGY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE DECENTRALIZED ENERGY INCLUSIVE TRANSPORT URBAN TRANSPORT URBAN RENEWAL SLUM REHABILITATION ENVIRONMENT SHELTER LAND HOUSING HISTORIC CITY CENTER RESTORATION BROWNFIELD REDEVELOPMENT AFFORDABLE HOUSING

7 Figure 1: PROCESS FLOW FOR INTEGRATED URBAN DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENTS

8 Figure 7: FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE URBAN CONTEXT URBAN CONTEXT - FOCUS INVESTMENT SECTORS Review Policies and Standards INCOME SOCIAL PROTECTION EDUCATION INCLUSIVE NEEDS ASSESSMENTS Sector Assessments - Infrastructure & Service Delivery HEALTH WATER & SANITATION INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT CITY PROFILING SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INCLUSIVE NEEDS ASSESSMENT BY SECTORS Policy and Planning Component ENERGY URBAN TRANSPORT CONSULTATIONS POLICY & REGULATORY AUDIT CITY POVERTY & VULNERABILITY PROFILE SECTOR PROFILES INSTITUTIONAL MAPPING & STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS MUNICIPAL FINANCE ASSESSMENT LAND AFFORDABILITY HOUSING

9 Figure 8: SECTOR ASSESSMENTS AND OPTIONS SECTOR ASSESSMENTS AND OPTIONS Inclusive City Needs Assessments POLICY AND REGULATORY AUDIT PRIORITIZATION FOR INCLUSIVE URBAN DEVELOPMENT Inclusive City Development Strategy SECTOR PROFILES CURRENT & PIPELINE PROJECTS INVENTORY SECTORAL NEEDS & INDICATIVE COSTS INCLUSIVE CITY INVESTMENT OPTIONS Inclusive investment needs by Sector CITY POVERTY AND VULNERABILITY AUDIT PRIORITIZATION CONSULTATIONS AFFORDABILITY PROJECTIONS CURRENT & PROJECTED INVESTMENT SHORTFALLS POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS - TECHNICAL OPTIONS BY SECTOR IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS - FINANCE & INSTITUTIONAL INSTITUTIONAL MAPPING CONSTRAINTS ANALYSIS

10 Figure 9: APPROACH TO CROSS SECTORAL PRIORITIZATION AND PROJECT PROGRAMMING CROSS SECTORAL PRIORITIZATION AND PROJECT PROGRAMMING Inclusive Investment Priorities by Sector CURRENT & PROJECTED SHORTFALLS PROJECT PROGRAMMING Cross-sectoral Prioritization and Investment Programming POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS - TECHNICAL OPTIONS IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS- INSTITUTIONAL PLANNING POLICY REVISION PROJECT/PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT CROSS-SECTORAL PRIORITIZATION INCLUSIVE URBAN RENEWAL PROGRAM Cross-sector Investment Program REVENUE & BUDGET CONSTRAINTS CROSS-SECTORAL PROGRAM AND FINANCING PLAN CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT PLANS IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS- FINANCE & INSTITUTIONAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS - FINANCIAL CAPACITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT

11 Figure 5: PROCESS FLOWCHART: POLICY AND PLANNING COMPONENT INCL CITIES FINAL FILES\Figure 5 & 6 Inclusive Cities Toolkit.docx

12 Towards Inclusive Growth!

13 Urban Sector Investments URBAN LAND, LEGISLATION & GOVERNANCE Land Policies & Regulatory Framework Governance & Management Institutional Structures URBAN PLANNING & DESIGN Regional & Metropolitan Planning City Growth Secondary Cities & Towns Urban Design URBAN ECONOMY Urban & Municipal Finance Urban Productivity Job creation Microfinance URBAN BASIC SERVICES Water & Sanitation Solid Waste Management Energy Transport URBAN SOCIAL SECTORS Health Education Gender & Development Social Protection URBAN RENEWAL AND HOUSING Urban renewal Slum rehabilitation Historic City Center Renewal Affordable Housing DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT Urban Risk Reduction Climate Change Mitigation Climate Change Adaptation Resilient Infrastructure CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT & KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT Urban Strategy Toolkits Technical Assistance Capacity Development