Session B4- Freshwater fish and aquatic macroinvertebrate biomonitoring of the Eel River Headwaters Restoration sites in Plymouth, Massachusetts

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1 University of Massachusetts - Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage 2011 Jun 28th, 11:40 AM - 12:00 PM Session B4- Freshwater fish and aquatic macroinvertebrate biomonitoring of the Eel River Headwaters Restoration sites in Plymouth, Massachusetts Kevin O'Brion, Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences Ellen Douglas, Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences Alan Christian Department of Biology: UMass Boston Follow this and additional works at: O'Brion, Kevin; Douglas, Ellen; and Christian, Alan, "Session B4- Freshwater fish and aquatic macroinvertebrate biomonitoring of the Eel River Headwaters Restoration sites in Plymouth, Massachusetts" (2011). International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the The Fish Passage Community at UMass Amherst at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.

2 BIOMONITORING OF THE EEL RIVER HEADWATERS RESTORATION SITES IN PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS Kevin O Brion 1 Ellen Douglas 1 Alan Christian 1 Alex Hackman 2 1 University of Massachusetts Boston, Department of Environmental Earth and Ocean Sciences 2 Massachusetts Division of Ecological Restoration

3 River Restoration Exponential project growth As of 2005, spending > $1 Billion annually in U.S An essential tool in conservation A broad definition Bank stabilization, riparian planting, wholestream construction, dam removal Scientists needed to bridge gaps Pre- and post-monitoring lacking, but essential to success

4 Eel River Headwaters Restoration Goals: Restore coldwater stream habitat, reconnect floodplain, remove fish barriers, and establish diverse wetland communities and Atlantic White Cedar Conversion of former cranberry cultivation into 40 acres of diverse wetland Reconstruction of 1.7 miles of stream channel and floodplain Removal of berms and water control structures Replacement of undersized culverts Removal of Sawmill Pond Dam

5

6 CULVERTS BERMS SAWMILL POND DAM HEADWATERS POND

7 Photo by Erin Higbee

8 Courtesy Alex Hackman, DER

9 Courtesy Alex Hackman, DER

10

11 Courtesy Brian Graber

12 Courtesy Alex Hackman

13 Study Objective Compare and contrast establishment of resident fish and benthic macroinvertebrates under active and passive restoration conditions, and a reference condition. Two 100 meter stream reaches at each site Active - Eel River Headwaters (EEL 1, EEL 2) Passive - Tidmarsh Farms (BOG 1, BOG 2) Reference - Eel River South Branch (REF 1, REF 2)

14 Dams REF EEL BOG

15 Eel River Headwaters (Active) EEL 1 EEL 2 Eel River Constructed channel and habitats, variable substrate, abundant wetland/aquatic plants

16 Tidmarsh Farms (Passive) BOG 1 BOG 2 Tidmarsh Farms Abandoned in early 2000 s, left to succession, heavy vegetation and deep sediment

17 Eel River, South Branch (Reference) REF 1 REF 2 Reference Site Lowland stream, abundant habitat, cold, slight meander, shaded, substrate mix

18 Methods: Habitat Assessment EPA Habitat Assessment Basin Area Stream Survey (BASS) Semi-quantitative evaluation of physical habitat Geomorphic feature (Scour pool, Riffle, etc) Width/Depth (wetted, bank full) Substrate composition In-stream cover

19 Methods: Biomonitoring Monitoring the condition of an ecosystem using surveys or collections of resident biota, a biological photograph First sample collection in Sep-Oct 2010, second sampling in June 2011 Freshwater Fish Three-pass depletion method Population estimates Benthic Macroinvertebrates EPA Multihabitat Rapid Bioassessment Protocol Stratified Random Sampling

20 Results Macroinvertebrates Identification in progress, photos presented Basin Area Stream Survey (BASS) Habitat Survey Data Substrate and Instream Cover Fish Data Diversity, Evenness, Richness, Cluster Diagram

21 BOG sample REF sample EEL 2 sample EEL 1 sample

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23

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28

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30 *Bridle Shiner (MA State listed) found in June 2011 in EEL 1 *Brook Trout YOY population found in June 2011 downstream of EEL 2

31 Future Objectives Compare pre-restoration fish and macroinvertebrate data from Eel River with collections from this study Evaluate the habitat available at Eel River headwaters restoration, based on the collections of fish and macroinvertebrates Establish initial response data for this restoration project Recommend modifications for biomonitoring protocols for restoration monitoring

32 Acknowledgements SumCo Eco-Contracting

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