Table of Contents. Green Line Extension Project. Draft Environmental Impact Report/Environmental Assessment and Draft Section 4(f) Evaluation

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1 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations Secretary s Certificate on the EENF Executive Summary 1 Introduction and Background Introduction Project Summary Permits and Approvals Consistency with Federal, State, and Local Planning Public Involvement and Agency Coordination Requirements of Secretary's Certificate Purpose and Need Overview Project Purpose Need for Transit Improvements Goals and Objectives Alternatives Introduction No-Build Alternative Project Elements Ridership Methodology Baseline Alternative Build Alternatives Project Description Preferred Alternative Community Paths Coordination with Regional Projects Summary Affected Environment Introduction Land Use Socioeconomic Conditions Environmental Justice Existing Transportation Systems Traffic Table of Contents i Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

2 4.7 Air Quality Noise Vibration Stormwater Wetlands Fish, Wildlife and Plants Parks and Recreation Visual Environment Historic and Archaeological Resources Hazardous Materials Environmental Consequences Introduction Land Use Socioeconomic Impacts Environmental Justice Traffic Air Quality Noise Vibration Stormwater Fish, Wildlife, and Plants Parks and Recreation Areas Visual Environment Historic and Archaeological Resources Hazardous Materials Indirect and Cumulative Effects Draft Section 61 Findings and Mitigation Commitments Introduction Project Benefits Project Mitigation Construction Period Mitigation Proposed Section 61 Findings Distribution List Federal Agencies and Elected Officials State and Regional Agencies and Elected Officials Municipalities Libraries Advisory Group Members Additional EENF Commenters and Other Interested Parties Figures... VOLUME 2 Table of Contents ii Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

3 Appendix A: Responses to Comments on the EENF... VOLUME 3 Appendix B Appendix J... on CD Appendix B: Station and Alignment Selection Analysis Appendix C: Green Line Support Facility Alternatives Analysis Appendix D: Travel Demand Modeling Methodology Appendix E: Plans and Feasibility Analysis for Proposed Community Paths Appendix F: Traffic Analysis Appendix G: Transit Access for Environmental Justice and Disability Populations Appendix H: Air Quality Analysis Appendix I: Draft Section 4(f) Evaluation Appendix J: Draft Memorandum of Agreement Table of Contents iii Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

4 List of Tables Table No. Description Page 1-1 Comparison of DEIR/EA Build Alternatives Meeting Summary (as of August 5, 2009) Requirements of the Secretary s Certificate Estimated Enhanced Route 80 Travel Time Alternative 1: Medford Branch Travel Times Alternative 2: Medford Branch Travel Times Alternative 3: Medford Branch Travel Times Alternative 4: Medford Branch Travel Times Alternative 5: Medford Branch Travel Times Build Alternative Evaluation Land Acquisition Summary Travel Times for the Preferred Alternative Pinch Points for Somerville Community Path Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Relocated Lechmere Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Brickbottom Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Gilman Square Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Lowell Street Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Ball Square Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the College Avenue Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 Station Site Population, Housing and Employment within ½-Mile Radius of the Union Square Station Site Social and Economic Statistics for Cambridge, Somerville, and Medford State-Listed Environmental Justice Areas in Cambridge, Somerville, and Medford State-Listed Environmental Justice Populations in Cambridge, Somerville, and Medford Minority Populations in Cambridge, Somerville, Medford, and Middlesex County Span of Service Standards Minimum Frequency of Service Standards Bus Service Frequency and Ridership Table of Contents iv Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

5 Table No. Description Page MBTA Bus Loading Standards Summary of Bus Schedule Adherence Standards Bus Cost-Effectiveness Service Standard MBTA Lowell Line Daily Weekday Boardings by Station MBTA Fitchburg Line Daily Weekday Boardings by Station Existing Daily Traffic Volumes on Study Area Roadways Vehicular Level of Service Thresholds Existing Condition Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Existing Condition Unsignalized Intersection Traffic Operations Pedestrian Level of Service Thresholds Existing Condition Pedestrian Level-of-Service Parking Inventory Restricted Parking Allocation Existing Noise Measurement Results Existing Park and Recreation Areas within the Study Area Land Acquisitions for Extension to Medford Hillside Land Acquisitions for Extension to Union Square (via commuter rail right-of-way) Land Acquisitions for Extension to Mystic Valley Parkway/Route Land Acquisitions for Extension to Union Square (via McGrath Highway/Route 28 and Somerville Avenue) Summary of Land Acquisitions by Alternative Property Tax Effects for Alternative Property Tax Effects for Alternative Property Tax Effects for Alternative Property Tax Effects for Alternative Property Tax Effects for Alternative Property Tax Effects for Alternative Property Taxes of Real Estate Acquired For Each Alternative Property Tax Decreases by City Estimated Job Decreases or Relocations Changes in Transit Access for Disability and Environmental Justice Populations under the Baseline Alternative Changes in Transit Access for Disability and Environmental Justice Populations under a Light Rail Extension to Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 and Union Square Building Acquisitions and Local Demographics for Extension to Medford Hillside Building Acquisitions and Local Demographics for Extension to Union Square (via commuter rail right-of-way) Building Acquisitions and Local Demographics for Extension to Mystic Valley Parkway/Route Building Acquisitions and Local Demographics for Extension to Union Square via McGrath Highway and Somerville Avenue Summary of Project Impacts in Environmental Justice Areas No-Build Alternative Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results No-Build Alternative Unsignalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Table of Contents v Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

6 Table No. Description Page Baseline Alternative Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Baseline Alternative Unsignalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Alternative 1 Peak Hour Trip Summary by Station Alternative 1 Signalized LOS Summary Comparison Alternative 1 Unsignalized LOS Summary Comparison Alternative 2 Peak Hour Trip Summary by Station Alternative 2A (with parking) Signalized LOS Summary Comparison Alternative 2A (with parking) Unsignalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Alternative 3 Peak Hour Trip Summary by Station Alternative 3 Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Alternative 4 Peak Hour Trip Summary by Station Alternative 4 Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Alternative 5 Peak Hour Trip Summary by Station Alternative 5 Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Alternative 6 Peak Hour Trip Summary by Station Alternative 6 Signalized Intersection Traffic Operations Results Proposed Pedestrian Mitigation Measures Summary of Traffic Impacts and Mitigation National Ambient Air Quality Standards Predicted Maximum 1-Hour CO Concentrations (Parts Per Million) Predicted Maximum 8-Hour CO Concentrations (Parts Per Million) Predicted Maximum 24-Hour PM10 Concentrations (Parts Per Million) Predicted Maximum 24-Hour PM2.5 Concentrations (Parts Per Million) Predicted Maximum Annual PM2.5 Concentrations (Parts Per Million) Projected PM2.5 Emissions for Proposed Commuter Rail Track Relocation (ug/m 3 ) Mesoscale 2030 Mobile Source Analysis Results (kilograms per day) Greenhouse Gas (CO2) Analysis Results (kilograms per day) EOT Air Quality Analysis Comparison of Project Packages Benefits in the Year Comparison of Air Quality Benefits Potential Noise Impacts Without Mitigation for Alternatives 1, 2, 3, and Potential Noise Impacts Without Mitigation for Alternatives 5 and Summary of Potential Noise Impacts Summary of Proposed Noise Barrier Mitigation FTA Ground-Borne Noise and Vibration Impact Criteria FTA Ground-Borne Noise and Vibration Impact Criteria for Special Buildings Vibration Criteria for Detailed Analysis Potential Vibration Impacts at Sensitive Receptors Without Mitigation Summary of Potential Vibration Impact Summary of Proposed Vibration Mitigation Potential Vibration Mitigation Measures for Crossovers and Turnouts Impervious Surface Changes by Station Summary of Impervious Surface Changes by Alternative Table of Contents vi Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

7 Table No. Description Page Direct Vegetated Habitat Impacts by Alternative Potential Impacts to Archaeologically Sensitive Areas RECs and Potential Impacts for Alternatives 1 and 3 - Extension to Medford Hillside RECs and Potential Impacts for Alternatives 1, 2, and 6 - Extension to Union Square (via commuter rail right-of-way) RECs and Potential Impacts for Alternatives 2, 4, and 5 - Extension to Route 16/Mystic Valley Parkway RECs and Potential Impacts for Alternatives 3 and 4 Extension to Union Square via McGrath Highway/Route 28 and Somerville Avenue RECs and Potential Impacts for Alternative 6 Yard 8 Maintenance Facility Summary of RECs and their Impacts by Alternative Cambridge, Somerville, Medford, and Station Area Populations (2000 and 2030) TOD Potential at Proposed Station Sites TOD Potential by Alternative Rail System Benefits on Real Estate Values Populations of Cambridge, Somerville and Medford (2000 and 2006) Projected Population and Employment Within ½- Mile of Proposed Station Sites (2010 and 2030) Proposed and Reasonably Foreseeable Projects in the Project Corridor Project Mitigation Commitments Summary of Construction Mitigation Measures Possible Permits or Approvals Table of Contents vii Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

8 List of Figures All figures are provided in Volume 2 except as indicated otherwise below. Figure Description Page 1-1 Study Area Station Locus Map (Sheet 1 of 2) Station Locus Map (Sheet 2 of 2) Maintenance Facility Initial Site Alternatives Preferred Maintenance Facility Site Baseline Alternative Alternative Alternative Alternative Alternative Alternative Alternative Proposed Project Relocated Lechmere Station Station Layout Relocated Lechmere Station Station Plan Relocated Lechmere Station Circulation Relocated Lechmere Station Elevation Brickbottom Station Station Layout Brickbottom Station Station Plan Brickbottom Station Circulation Brickbottom Station Elevation Gilman Square Station Station Layout Gilman Square Station Station Plan Gilman Square Station Circulation Gilman Square Station Elevation Lowell Street Station Station Layout Lowell Street Station Station Plan Lowell Street Station Circulation Lowell Street Station Elevation Ball Square Station Station Layout Ball Square Station Station Plan Ball Square Station Circulation Ball Square Station Elevation College Avenue Station Medford Hillside Terminus (Alt 1, 3) Station Layout College Avenue Station (Alt 2, 4, 5) Station Layout College Avenue Station Station Plan College Avenue Station Circulation College Avenue Station Elevation Table of Contents viii Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

9 Figure Description Page Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 Station Station Layout Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 Station Station Plan Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 Station Circulation Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 Station Elevation Union Square Station Station Layout Union Square Station Station Plan Union Square Station Circulation Union Square Station Elevation Existing Section Looking North (in text) Proposed Section Looking North (in text) Typical Construction Staging (Sheet 1 of 2) Typical Construction Staging (Sheet 2 of 2) Typical Section of Somerville Community Path (in text) Existing Conditions (Sheet 1 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 2 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 3 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 4 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 5 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 6 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 7 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 8 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 9 of 10) Existing Conditions (Sheet 10 of 10) Existing Land Use Index Existing Land Use Existing Lechmere Station Existing Land Use Brickbottom Station Existing Land Use Gilman Square Station Existing Land Use Lowell Street Station Existing Land Use Ball Square Station Existing Land Use College Avenue Station Existing Land Use Mystic Valley Parkway/Route 16 Station Existing Land Use Union Square Station Primary Use Zoning Cities of Somerville, Medford, and Cambridge State-Defined Environmental Justice Populations Existing and Proposed MBTA Bus and Transit System Existing MBTA Commuter Rail Routes Existing Freight Rail Routes Traffic Study Intersections Microscale Air Quality Study Intersections Typical A-Weighted Sound Levels (in text) Examples of Typical Outdoor Noise Exposure (in text) Noise and Vibration Measurement Sites Typical Ground-Borne Vibration Levels and Criteria (in text) Existing Vibration Measurement Results (in text) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 1 of 10) Table of Contents ix Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009

10 Figure Description Page Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 2 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 3 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 4 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 5 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 6 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 7 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 8 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 9 of 10) Location of Historic Resources Identified within the Green Line Extension Project APE (Sheet 10 of 10) Proposed Property Acquisitions Lechmere Station Proposed Property Acquisitions Brickbottom Station Proposed Property Acquisitions Gilman Square Station Proposed Property Acquisitions Lowell Street Station Proposed Property Acquisitions Ball Square Station Proposed Property Acquisitions College Avenue Station Proposed Property Acquisitions Mystic Valley Parkway/ Route 16 Station Proposed Property Acquisitions Union Square Station (Fitchburg Corridor Alternative) Proposed Property Acquisitions Union Square Station (In-Street Running Alternative) Mesoscale 2030 Mobile Source Analysis Results (kilograms per day) (in text) Mobile Source Air Toxics Emissions (in text) Increase in Cumulative Noise Allowed by FTA Criteria (in text) Noise Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 1 of 5) Noise Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 2 of 5) Noise Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 3 of 5) Noise Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 4 of 5) Noise Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 5 of 5) Examples of Noise Barrier Materials (in text) Criteria for Detailed Vibration Analysis (in text) Vibration Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 1 of 5) Vibration Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 2 of 5) Vibration Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 3 of 5) Vibration Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 4 of 5) Vibration Impacts and Mitigation Measures (Sheet 5 of 5) Proposed Stormwater Drainage Proposed and Reasonably Foreseeable Projects Table of Contents x Prepared by Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. 10/15/2009