LEED, Alternative building Materials, Alternative Energy. Yossi Bronsnick 10/8/2015

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1 LEED, Alternative building Materials, Alternative Energy Yossi Bronsnick 10/8/2015

2 Outline Taitem Engineering Sustainability & USGBC/LEED Alternative Energy Alternative Building Materials

3 Taitem Engineering

4 Taitem Engineering Staff of 40, founded 1989 Design, energy studies, research Contracting Aeroseal, Solar PV Over 600 design projects, including LEED

5 Sustainability & USGBC/LEED

6 Sustainability What does it mean?

7 Sustainability EPA defines it as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

8 What is Green Design? Design and construction practices that significantly reduce or eliminate the negative impact of buildings on the environment and occupants Why is this important? Why focus on Buildings?

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12 Benefits of Green Building Environmental benefits Reduce the impacts of natural resource consumption Economic benefits Improve the bottom line Health and safety benefits Enhance occupant comfort and health Community benefits Minimize strain on local infrastructures and improve quality of life

13 An Introduction to the U.S. Green Building Council and the LEED TM Green Building Rating System Copyright 2003, U.S. Green Building Council

14 U.S. Green Building Council National nonprofit organization based in Washington, DC Promotes sustainability in how buildings are designed, built, and operated Developer of the LEED TM Green Building Rating System

15 Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design TM

16 What is LEED TM? LEED is a point based rating system for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings, homes, and neighborhoods Developed in 1998 Has been applied to more than 7,000 projects in the US and abroad 1.5 billion square feet of development area

17 LEED TM Versions LEED for New Construction LEED for Existing Buildings, Operations & Maintenance LEED for Commercial Interiors LEED for Core and Shell LEED for Retail LEED for Schools LEED for Homes LEED for Neighborhood Development LEED for Healthcare

18 LEED TM Certification Levels Platinum Gold Silver Basic

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26 w w w.usgbc.org/leed/

27 Alternative Energies

28 Alternative Energies Solar Wind Geothermal

29 Solar Energy Solar Photovoltaic Solar Thermal

30 Florida Solar Energy Center

31 Cross Section of PV Cell

32 Silicon Solar Cell

33 Solar PV Systems Cells are the building block of PV systems o Typically generate watts of power Modules or panels are made up of multiple cells Arrays are made up of multiple modules o A typical array costs about $3.50/watt Still need lots of other components to make this work Typical systems cost about $5/watt

34 Solar Panel Solar panel by BP Solar at a German autobahn bridge

35 Town of Preble 9.2kW roof mounted system with microinverters

36 Danby NY kw ground mount system

37 Solar PV Applications

38 International Space Station Spacecraft Hubble Telescope Mars Rover

39 Recreational Use (Sailboat)

40 Remote Areas (Mexico) A solar panel in Marla, Cirque de Mafate, Réunion

41 Residential

42 Commercial Solar Centre at Baglan Energy Park in South Wales

43 Solar Cell Efficiencies Typical module efficiencies ~15% o Screen printed multi-crystalline solar cells Efficiency range is 6-30% o 6% for amorphous silicon-based PV cells o 20% for best commercial cells o 30% for multi-junction research cells

44 Solar Panel Efficiencies ~10.75 kw/ft 2 reaches the ground (sunny day) ~20% efficiency 2150W/ft 2 electricity Daylight & weather in northern latitudes o 1075 W/ft 2 in winter; 2690 W/ft 2 in summer

45 Solar PV Components Inverter o Converts DC power from solar array to AC for use in your home Wiring o Connects the system components Batteries o Used to store solarproduced electricity for nighttime or emergency use o Mainly used for remote sites that aren t tied into the electrical grid Charge controller o Prevents batteries from being over charged Disconnect switches o Allows power from a PV system to be turned off Electrical meter o Measures electrical production and use o Often runs backward if system is attached to the electrical grid Total system cost = ~$3.75 / watt

46 Solar PV Cost Total system cost = ~$3.75 / watt

47 Solar PV Installation Photos

48 Stand Alone Solar PV System BATTERY

49 Grid Connected Solar PV System

50 Connecting PV to the Grid

51 Net Metering When your system produces more electricity than your home uses o electricity flows backward out to the grid Meter runs backward and you get credit for the electricity you sell to the utility

52 Solar PV Dependencies Location, Location, Location! Latitude o Lower latitudes better than higher latitudes Weather o Clear sunny skies better than cloudy skies o Temperature not important Direction solar arrays face o South preferred, east and west acceptable Absence of shade o Trees, Flatirons, etc.

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54 Solar Thermal Collectors Focus the sun to create to create heat to heat fluid

55 Solar Thermal

56 Solar Thermal Collectors

57 Solar Thermal Evacuated Tube

58 Solar Thermal Dish Collector

59 Solar Trough Scheme

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61 Geothermal

62 Geothermal Geo Earth Therme Heat Earth stays constant temperature Can use this to our advantage

63 Geothermal Heat Pumps The upper 10 feet of Earth's surface maintains a nearly constant temperature between 50 and 60 F Shallow pipes buried underground or through a pond circulate water through system

64 Geothermal Heat Pumps

65 Wind Pow er

66 Sizes and Applications Small ( 10 kw) Homes Farms Remote Application Intermediate ( kw) Village Power Hybrid Systems Distributed Power Large (660 kw - 2+MW) Central Station Wind Farms Distributed Power Community Wind

67 Large and Small Wind Turbines are Different Large Turbines ( kw) Installed in Windfarm Arrays Totaling MW $1,000/kW; Designed for Low Cost of Energy Large: 300 kw Turbine Small: 10 kw Turbine Requires 13 mph Average Small Turbines ( kw) Installed in Rural Residential On- Grid and Off-Grid Applications $2,500-5,000/kW; Designed for Reliability / Low Maintenance Requires 9 mph Average

68 Drivers for Wind Pow er Declining Wind Costs Fuel Price Uncertainty Federal and State Policies Economic Development Green Power Energy Security

69 Chamberlain, South Dakota Turbine Size: 1300 kw Turbine Manufacturer: Nordex Developer: Crown Butte Wind Power Capacity: 2.6 MW

70 Moorhead, Minnesota Turbine Size: 750 kw Turbine Manufacturer: NEG Micon Developer: Moorhead Public Service Capacity:.75 MW

71 Ponnequin, Colorado Turbine Manufacturer: Vestas, NEG Micon Developer/owner: DisGen/Xcel Energy Turbine Size: kw Capacity: 31.5 MW Commissioned: 1999

72 Alternate Building Materials

73 Alternate Building Materials Straw bales Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs) Insulated Concrete Forms (ICF) Insulations Spray foam, recycled denim, fungus

74 Straw Bales High Insulating value o R = 2.7 per inch o 18 bale R = 48 NYS - Post and Beam construction only Southwest US - load bearing bales

75 Straw Bales Uses baled straw from wheat, oats, barley, rye, and rice Covered with plaster or stucco Anchored together with stakes of wood, rebar or bamboo.

76 5040 Willamee Rd

77 5040 Willamee Rd

78 Berger-Sugarman H

79 Berger-Sugarman H

80 964 W. Dryden Rd

81 964 W. Dryden Rd

82 964 W. Dryden Rd

83 964 W. Dryden Rd

84 964 W. Dryden Rd

85 964 W. Dryden Rd

86 Structural Insulated panels (SIPS) High R-value Easy construction Pre-Engineered Reduce building waste

87 SIPS

88 SIPS Expanded Polystyrene Insulated Panels o R-value = 4 to 5 per inch of thickness. o Standard thicknesses range from 3.5 to 7.5 inches for wall panels and inches for ceiling panels. Polyisocyanurate and Polyurethane Insulated Panels o R-value = R-6 to R-7 per inch of thickness. o Typically 3.5 thick. Ceiling panels are up to 7.5 inches thick o More expensive than EPA but more fire and water resistant. o They also insulate 30% 40% better per given thickness.

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91 Insulation Many new types with comparable R-values Recycled Denim 85% recycled product Recycled paper 100% recycled newsprint Soy Based spray foam

92 New sprint Insulation

93 Denim Insulation

94 Soy Based Spray Foam

95 The End Questions?

96 Presenter Yossi Bronsnick, PE, SE, LEED AP ext. 118 Fax: Taitem Engineering, PC 110 South Albany Street Ithaca, NY

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