Solar power: The African Opportunity

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1 NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION CENTRE SOUTH AFRICA Solar power: The African Opportunity Technical Workshop: Solar SOS Africa Utility Week, May 16th 2018 Sashay Ramdharee Regional Project Manager

2 ABOUT The National Cleaner Production Centre of South Africa (NCPC-SA), a programme of the dti hosted by the CSIR, supports South African industry to improve competitiveness and reduce its environmental footprint through the implementation of resource efficiency and cleaner production (RECP) methodologies.

3 THEMATIC AREAS Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production focuses on four main thematic areas: - Energy - Water - Waste (output material) - Materials (input)

4 INDUSTRIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROJECT INDUSTRIAL WATER EFFICIENCY PROJECT - Partnership with UNIDO - Energy Management Systems - Energy Systems Optimisation - Launched early Partnership with WRC - Uses component approach of IEE Project MATERIALS (Input) INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS PROGRAMME - Adresses input materials and output Waste reduction - Gauteng, KwaZulu Natal and Western Cape ISP - National ISP strategy WASTE (Output)

5 NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION CENTRE SOUTH AFRICA Global Perspective on Solar Power

6 How important is solar energy? Our global energy consumption in one year is roughly equivalent to the energy which we receive from the sun in just one hour.

7 How important is solar energy? The amount of solar energy available at any time depends on the position of the sun in the sky, the local climatic conditions, the time of the year and geographical location. (orange areas in figure Map of global solar resource )

8 Solar Power in Africa NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION CENTRE SOUTH AFRICA

9 Solar Power in Africa Africa is often considered and referred as the "Sun continent" or the continent where the Sun's influence is the greatest. According to the "World Sunshine Map", Africa receives many more hours of bright sunshine during the course of the year than any other continent of the Earth Despite the large solar potential, penetration of solar power in Africa's energy sector is still very low.

10 Solar Power in Africa The whole continent has a long duration of sunshine, excluding the large areas of tropical rainforests (Guinean Forests of West Africa and much of the Congo Basin) The eastern Sahara is particularly noted for its world sunshine records, with a greatest mean annual duration of bright sunshine of approx. 4,300 hours/year. This region also has the highest mean annual values of solar radiation (the maximum recorded being over 220 kcal/cm2). The theoretical reserves of Africa's solar energy are estimated at 60,000,000 TWh/year, which accounts for almost 40% of the global total, thus reinforcing Africa as the most sun-rich continent in the world.

11 Solar Power in Africa Future installations for harvesting solar energy in Africa will tend not to be found within the equatorial and subequatorial climate zones, that are located in the western part of Central Africa, due to almost permanent cloud cover. Therefore, countries that entirely lie in this wet-humid zone such as the Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi, Liberia and Sierra Leone are by far the least favoured in solar power Sunny African nations like Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Niger, Sudan, South Africa and Namibia experience over 2,700 hours of bright sunshine. Opportunity exists to develop their tremendous solar resources.

12 Proudly African Solar Projects A 50 MW photovoltaic power plant is planned for Garissa in Kenya, expected to produce approximately 76,473 MWh/year. A 155 MW photovoltaic power plant is planned for Ghana and the government plans to increase solar power in the country from 22.5MW in 2017 to 300MW in There are also many small-scale modular solar power installations being implemented across the continent at the village and household levels. In 2015, Sub-Saharan Africa was the leading region for purchases of off-grid solar products.

13 Solar Power in South Africa South Africa is a leader in solar power in Africa with 1329 MW installed by Solar power in South Africa is rapidly growing. Several 75MW PV plants and 2 CSP plants at 100MW each were the largest in the country and among the largest in Africa. South Africa has announced a plan to install a minigrid on Robben Island..

14 Solar Power in South Africa Several solar farms have been commissioned since 2014, including the 96 MW Jasper Solar Energy Project, one of Africa's largest photovoltaic power stations providing enough solar power for 30,000 homes Drastic reductions in the cost of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels in recent years, along with uncertainty regarding Eskom pricing and continuity of supply, have fuelled huge growth in the installation of rooftop solar in South Africa. The increased popularity of these systems has led to the growth of a robust installation industry. Jasper Solar Energy Project, Northern Cape

15 Africa's total installed cumulative solar PV capacity and annual new additions,

16 Overview of South Africa s Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme REIPPPP To date, renewable energy projects in South Africa have resulted in jobs for South Africans and have attracted R billion in investment. Furthermore, IPPs have committed a total of R 19.1 billion toward socio-economic development initiatives within the communities in which they operate, thereby positively contributing to livelihoods and income generation Prices have dropped over the four bidding phases with average solar PV tariffs decreasing by 83%, wind by 59% and CSP dropping by 43% The South African Department of Energy (DoE) has already allocated a total of 8.1 GW of renewables for procurement from Independent Power Producers (IPPs) of this, MW of wind, MW of solar PV and 200 MW of CSP were operational and fed energy into the grid by Dec 2016

17 Actual Reductions in tariff for new wind, solar PV and CSP

18 Total monthly wind, solar PV and CSP production from Jan to Dec 2016 varied between 431 GWh and 765 GWh: The monthly wind production from Jan to Dec 2016 varied between 226 and 390 GWh The monthly solar PV production from Jan to Dec 2016 varied between 150 and 330 GWh The monthly CSP production from Jan to Dec 2016 varied between 29 and 58 GWh

19 2016 statistics: load supplied from wind, solar PV & CSP in RSA From 1 November 2013 to 31 Dec 2016, MW of wind, 1 474MW of solar PV and 200 MW of CSP became operational in RSA, supplying 2.9% of SA s system load

20 In 2016, 6.9 TWh of wind, solar PV and CSP energy produced in RSA

21 NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION CENTRE SOUTH AFRICA THANK YOU Any Questions? PHONE: WEBSITE: