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1 Biology 1 of 41
2 2 of 41
3 Objectives: You will Create food webs that follow the flow of energy through an ecosystem 3 of 41
4 Vocabulary autotroph producer photosynthesis chemosynthesis heterotroph consumer herbivore carnivore omnivore detritivore decomposer food chain food web trophic level ecological pyramid biomass 4 of 41
5 Producers Producers Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth. 5 of 41
6 Producers Some types of organisms rely on the energy stored in inorganic chemical compounds. (less an 10%) 6 of 41
7 Producers Plants, some algae, and certain bacteria capture energy to produce food through photosynthesis. -autotrophs. Make their own food 7 of 41
8 Producers Photosynthesis 8 of 41
9 Producers Plants: land. Algae: freshwater and upper layers of the ocean. Bacteria: tidal flats and salt marshes. 9 of 41
10 Producers 10 of 41
11 Producers Chemoautotrophs are found in volcanic vents on the deep-ocean floor and hot springs. 11 of 41
12 Consumers Consumers heterotrophs. Must consume food for energy 12 of 41
13 Consumers Herbivores eat plants. Carnivores eat animals. Omnivores eat both plants and animals. Detritivores feed on dead matter. Decomposers, break down organic matter. 13 of 41
14 14 of 41
15 Consumers 15 of 41 Fig. 3-7, p. 57
16 16 of 41
17 17 of 41
18 18 of 41
19 Feeding Relationships Energy flows in one direction, sun to producers to consumers. 19 of 41
20 Feeding Relationships Food Chains series of steps that transfer energy by eating and being eaten. 20 of 41
21 Feeding Relationships marine food chains Algae Zooplankton Small Fish Squid Shark 21 of 41
22 Feeding Relationships Food Webs network of complex interactions A food web links all the food chains together. 22 of 41
23 Feeding Relationships salt-marsh community. 23 of 41
24 Quick Lab How is a food chain organized? Page of 41
25 Feeding Relationships Trophic Levels Each step Producers are first trophic level. Consumers make up the second, third, or higher trophic levels. 25 of 41
26 Ecological Pyramids Ecological Pyramids 26 of 41
27 Ecological Pyramids Energy Pyramid: 0.1% Third-level consumers 1% Second-level consumers About 10 percent of the energy is transferred to the next trophic level 10% First-level consumers 100% Producers 27 of 41
28 Ecological Pyramids Biomass Pyramid: The total amount of living tissue. grams of organic matter per unit area. 50 grams of human tissue 500 grams of chicken 5000 grams of grain potential food available 28 of 41
29 Ecological Pyramids Pyramid of Numbers: relative number of individual organisms at each trophic level. 29 of 41
30 Energy pyramids cbn of 41
31 urs Great Salt Lake Ecosystem 31 of 41
32 3 2 Continue to: - or - Click to Launch: 32 of 41
33 3 2 The main source of energy for life on Earth is a. organic chemical compounds. b. inorganic chemical compounds. c. sunlight. d. producers. 33 of 41
34 3 2 Organisms that feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter are a. detritivores. b. carnivores. c. herbivores. d. autotrophs. 34 of 41
35 3 2 How does a food web differ from a food chain? a. A food web contains a single series of energy transfers. b. A food web links many food chains together. c. A food web has only one trophic level. d. A food web shows how energy passes from producer to consumer. 35 of 41
36 3 2 In a biomass pyramid, the base of the pyramid represents the mass of a. heterotrophs. b. primary consumers. c. producers. d. top level carnivores. 36 of 41
37 3 2 The amount of energy represented in each trophic level of consumers in an energy pyramid is about a. 10% of the level below it. b. 90% of the level below it. c. 10% more than the level below it. d. 90% more than the level below it. 37 of 41
38 3 2 The main source of energy for life on Earth is a. organic chemical compounds. b. inorganic chemical compounds. c. sunlight. d. producers. 38 of 41
39 3 2 Organisms that feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter are a. detritivores. b. carnivores. c. herbivores. d. autotrophs. 39 of 41
40 3 2 How does a food web differ from a food chain? a. A food web contains a single series of energy transfers. b. A food web links many food chains together. c. A food web has only one trophic level. d. A food web shows how energy passes from producer to consumer. 40 of 41
41 3 2 In a biomass pyramid, the base of the pyramid represents the mass of a. heterotrophs. b. primary consumers. c. producers. d. top level carnivores. 41 of 41
42 3 2 The amount of energy represented in each trophic level of consumers in an energy pyramid is about a. 10% of the level below it. b. 90% of the level below it. c. 10% more than the level below it. d. 90% more than the level below it. 42 of 41
43 3-2 Section Assessment Make Foodweb of what you ate in the last 24 hours Make Biomass Pyramid of one meal. 43 of 41
44 END OF SECTION
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