Do Now pg 89. List 3 ways you think air pollution affects human health

Transcription

1 Do Now pg 89 List 3 ways you think air pollution affects human health

2 Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Types of Air Pollutants Primary air pollutants: Released directly into the atmosphere; example: soot Secondary air pollutants: Formed when primary pollutants react chemically with other substances; example: sulfuric acid (Hydrogen, Sulfur, Oxygen)

3 Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere How Air Pollutants Affect Your Health Lung irritation and respiratory illnesses, such as asthma Carbon monoxide interferes with body s ability to use oxygen. Trace amounts of some air pollutants, such as benzene or soot, may contribute to cancer.

4 Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Smog A mix of air pollutants that forms over cities Smog is a combination of the words smoke and fog. Industrial smog (soot, sulfur, and water vapor) comes from industrial sources. Photochemical smog is mostly tropospheric ozone created when primary pollutants from vehicle exhaust react to sunlight.

5 Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Temperature Inversions Normally, air near Earth s surface warms and rises, carrying pollutants with it. When a layer of warmer air sits over a layer of cooler air, it traps pollution near Earth s surface. Did You Know? A thermal inversion caused London s killer smog.

6 Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Acid Deposition Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form acids. Acid falls as particles or dissolves in precipitation, lowering the ph of rain and snow. Acid deposition harms forest and lakes and damages human structures. Did You Know? Rainwater is naturally acidic (ph 5.6), but acid precipitation in some parts of the U.S. has a ph as low as 4.

7 Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution Since the Clean Air Act was first enacted in 1963, emissions of the worst pollutants in the U.S. have decreased by 57%.

8 Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution The Clean Air Act First passed in 1963 to protect human and environmental health by improving air quality; has been revised several times Limits emissions of pollutants, sets standards for air quality, establishes a legal framework for suing industries that break the rules, and provides funding for pollution control

9 Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution Major Accomplishments of the Clean Air Act Catalytic converters, present in all cars since 1975, have reduced vehicle emissions. Did You Know? The removal of lead from gasoline has led to a 99% reduction in lead emissions since Lead has been phased out of gasoline. Industries and power plants have reduced releases of pollutants by using scrubbers, which remove or alter chemicals before they leave factory smokestacks.

10 Lesson 15.3 Controlling Air Pollution The Ozone Hole Ozone is a pollutant in the troposphere, but in the stratosphere it creates a protective barrier against UV radiation. Chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons, which used to be found in everything from aerosol cans to refrigerators, have destroyed ozone, causing an ozone hole to form over Antarctica. An ozone hole allows more UV radiation to reach Earth s surface, potentially increasing cases of skin cancer. Aerosol spray can

11 Recovery of the Ozone Layer The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty signed in 1987 that has cut CFC production by 95% since the 1980s. Ozone levels in the stratosphere have begun to stabilize, and the ozone hole will likely start to disappear.

12 Must write 3 facts from each video How Air Pollution is Damaging Our Health Air Quality and your Health South Florida Air Quality Worst in Entire Country

13 Air Particle Lab pg Look at your card under the microscope. Draw what you see. 2. Make a list of the particles you observe. Count and record how many of each type of particle you find. If there are more than 20 of any 1 item, write more than 20. Particle Type (description) Quantity

14 Lab Questions Pg Analyze Data: look at the quantities of the different particle types. Which type had the most particles? The least? How might you explain these results? Infer: Where did the particles and materials you saw come from? Think about the card s surroundings. Infer: How would your results have been different if you had hung the square inside your classroom?

15 Practice Questions pg True or False: Most air pollution is the direct or indirect result of the emission of fossil fuels. 2. True or False: When primary air pollutants react chemically with other substances, they produce new substances called super pollutants. 3. Name 3 natural processes that contribute to air pollution. 4. How do human activities make natural pollution worse? 5. Compare and contrast primary air pollutants and secondary air pollutants. 6. Describe 2 examples of negative effects air pollutants have on human health. 7. How do levels of industrial smog compare in developing nations with levels in developed nations? Explain.