Integrated Water Resource Management in Refugee Hosting Catchments
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1 Integrated Water Resource Management in Refugee Hosting Catchments Dr. Callist Tindimugaya Commissioner, Water Resources Planning and Regulation Ministry of Water and Environment 1
2 Introduction- water resources of Uganda
3 Water in Uganda an introduction Water is life and safe and drinking water a fundamental human right Access to safe water- 66% (rural) and 72% (urban) Water contributes directly to socio- economic dev t Water essential for: energy production, irrigation, livestock, fishing, mining, wildlife, industries, aquaculture, maintaining the environment etc. Economic and social development increasingly related to water
4 Four water uses Water for People Water supply and wastewater treatment and disposal Water for Food Irrigation, livestock watering, post-harvest processing Water for Nature Quality, quantity and distribution for healthy ecosystems Water for Other Uses Energy, navigation, fisheries, drainage and flood management, industry
5 Water resources challenges Rapid population growth 3.4%/a Increased demands for HEP, agricultural production, domestic water supply, industry etc Degradation of water resources due to urbanization, industrialization, poor land use practices etc Problems: water shortages, water quality deterioration, floods and drought etc
6 Water does not follow administrative boundaries: Establishment of Water Management Zones Albert Water Management Zone (AWMZ) : Fort Portal Kyoga Water Management Zone (KWMZ) : Mbale Upper Nile Water Management Zone (UNWMZ) : Lira Victoria Water Management Zone (VWMZ) :Mbarara 6
7 Precipitation Agriculture Department Livestock Department Forest Department Fishing Reservoir Hydropower Rainfed Agr Return Flow Industry Forest Rural WSS Runoff Urban WSS Rural Water Supply Department Urban Water Supply Department Irrigation Department River Basin Boundary Power Department Industry Department Fisheries Department Irrigation Recreation Groundwater Inflow Infiltration / Recharge Community Use Navigation Environment Department Transport Department Tourism Department Groundwater Department Surface Water Department Base Flow / Pumping Groundwater Livestock Wetlands / Environment Lake development/ CZM/Department Irrigation Trans-boundary Water Institutions 7 Groundwater Outflow
8 Continuum of Public Response Opposers Observers Supporters National Regional District Sub-county Community Households 8
9 Catchment Management Organisations
10 Need for a Catchment Management Plan Shared decision making supported by facts and sound analysis Decisions Participation Consultation Analysis 10
11 Catchment Management Planning Guidelines Step 1: Describe the catchment & build the planning knowledge base Step 2.1: Water resources planning analysis Step 2.2 Catchment stakeholder participation framework Step 2.3: Strategic social and environmental assessment (SSEA) Step 3: Framework for catchment water planning Step 4: Options and Scenario Analysis Agreement with CMO on catchment plan Step 5: Implementation Plan Preparation of technical briefs for investment projects Preparation of management actions Enhance monitoring system to support management 11
12 WATER SOURCE PROTECTION GUIDELINES Vol.1: Framework for Water Source Protection Vol.2: Guidelines for Protecting Piped Water Sources Vol.3: Guidelines for Protecting Point Water Sources Vol.4: Guidelines for Protecting Multipurpose Reservoirs Vol.5: Guidelines for Protecting Hydroelectric Plants Guidelines provide for 3% contribution for water source protection by water 12 infrastructure projects
13 Status of preparation of CMPs WMZ Catchment Status of the CMP When it came into effect Albert Mpanga Finalised 2015 Semliki Finalised 2016 Ruhenzamyenda Finalised 2015 Albert Under development 2017 Kiiha Under development 2017 Kyoga Awoja Finalized 2013 Mpologoma Finalized 2017 Victoria Nile Finalized 2017 Lokere Finalized 2017 Lokok Finalized 2017 Upper Nile Aswa Finalised 2016 Albert Nile Finalised 2016 Victoria Rwizi Finalised 2016 Maziba Finalised 2015 Katonga Under development
14 Catchments where catchment planning is ongoing
15 Sub-catchments in Upper Nile WMZ
16 Catchments and refugee settlements in Upper Nile WMZ
17 Indicative Investment Options in CMPs Dam & reservoir/valley Tanks Rainwater harvesting (off-farm) Gravity diversion of water for bulk water supply for multiple purposes Pump delivery of water for bulk supply for multiple purposes Water saving irrigation technology Mini- & micro-hydropower/solar power New or increased village or settlement drinking water supply (GW) New or improved bulk water supply for towns/cities Protection of village, town and urban water sources Flood risk management/preparedness Drain and waterway improvements River bank stabilization Contour bunds/gulley control/check dams Reforestation and afforestation Wetland restoration
18 Implementation of interventions identified in the CMPs Nyakambu wetland restoration: 2013 (Left), 2014 (middle) and 2016 (Right) Terracing of steep slopes and gully rehabilitation using sand bags in Rubaya Sub-Catchment Embankment construction in Aketa dam, Lokok and Lokere catchment 18
19 Implementation of interventions identified in the CMPs Water / Soil conservation in Mpanga Catchment Nursery bed for improved species in Mpanga Catchment Fish farming in Mutamba wetland in Mpanga Catchment Stone and Soil bunds on steep hill slopes in Rubara Micro Catchment in Rwizi catchment Soil bund in the Masyoro Micro catchment in Rwizi catchment 19
20 Implementation of interventions identified in the CMPs
21 Conclusions and future prospects Catchment based IWRM provides a nexus between water and natural resources management This framework is based on stakeholders involvement and partnership that provide opportunities for stakeholder collaboration to leverage available resources (capacities, finances etc) to create more impact. Priority needs to be given to employing a catchment based IWRM approach to addressing water and environment issues in refugee settlements and host communities so as to sustainably develop and protect water and related resources while improving people s livelihoods Everybody is called upon to join and support this framework if indeed water and environmental resources are to be secured for sustainable socio-economic development in refugee settlements and host communities in Uganda 21
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