PG&E Solar Schools Program Celebration of Science Workshop March 31, 2007 San Francisco

Transcription

1 PG&E Solar Schools Program Celebration of Science Workshop March 31, 2007 San Francisco

2 The California Energy Story Population: 33,871,648 1 st Land Mass: 163,707 sq.mi, 3 rd Major Industries: Agriculture & Food processing Electronics & Aerospace, Petroleum Computers & Computer Software Film Production Tourism

3 California s Energy Sources Petroleum (2005) In State 37.22% Alaska 20.99% Foreign 41.79% Electricity (2005) In State 78.33% Natural Gas 37.71% Uranium 14.47% Large Hydro 17.03% Coal 20.07% Renewable 10.73% **Coal generation is located outside CA, but power is delivered to CA.

4 California s Energy Consumption Among the 50 states, California s consumption: 1 st in the commercial sector (1,472.8 trillion Btu) 3 rd in the industrial sector (1,946.1 trillion Btu) 1 st in the transportation sector (3,134.1 trillion Btu) 2 nd behind Texas for energy consumption in the residential sector (1,431.3 trillion Btu) 2 nd behind Texas for total energy consumption 2 nd behind Texas for total electricity consumption (238,710 billion kilowatt hours)

5 California s Energy Conservation The Good News! California uses less electricity per capita than the other 49 states: 6,732 kwh of electricity vs. U.S. 11,997 kwh California Energy Commission programs make saving energy easy and affordable. Flex Your Power Energy Star The CAISO Conserve O Meter helps the community make day to day energy conservation decisions.

6 California s Electricity Generation The California ISO (Independent System Operator) provides minute by minute electricity generation data. California generates over 289,359 gigawatts (GW) of electricity annually Top sources for California Electricity: Natural Gas 104,612 GW Hydroelectric 34,372 GW Uranium(Nuclear) 30,241 GW Coal 28,589 GW Geothermal 14,000 GW Wind 4,258 GW

7 California s Energy for Transportation 51% of all energy in California is used by the Transportation Sector 28 million vehicles consume 16 billion gallons of gasoline, 3 billion gallons of diesel annually California is the 2 nd largest consumer of gasoline in the world behind the United States and just ahead of Japan. As of July 19, 2006, California was producing 813,571 barrels of CA blend gasoline a day. The average price per gallon is $3.24. Inventories of gasoline as 20.6% lower than the same time last year.

8 California Petroleum In 2004, 234,990,000 barrels of oil per year. 45,515 producing wells (average per well 14.9 barrels of oil per day) Bbl = barrel ** most recent data available is 2004

9 California Oil CA refineries process 2 million barrels of oil each day, about 50% of it into gasoline. BP s Carson Refinery processes the largest number of bbl per day in CA 260,000 bbl From 1985 to 1995, 10 CA refineries closed, reducing refining capacity by 20 %. CA 21 refineries invested $5.8 billion to upgrade facilities to produce CA blend gasolines and diesels.

10 Natural Gas In 2004, California had 3,362 natural gas wells producing 221,372.2 Mcf (million cubic feet) of natural gas per year. The wells produce at an average rate of 194 Mcf/day. In the last decade, the number of gas wells producing has increased, but production from mature gas fields is declining.

11 Uranium/Nuclear Power California needs 55,000 megawatts of electricity on an sunny summer day. Most is generated from natural gas, but nuclear power from California s four reactors provide 18% of the electricity needed in the state. PG&E s Diablo Canyon and SCE s San Onofre produce this 18% 35,594 million kwh.

12 California s Renewable Resources Great potential, but only % of electricity is from wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and small hydropower. Large hydropower assets generate another 14.9 percent of electricity. (36,371 million kwh) In 2002, the Renewable Portfolio Standard was established, with the goal of increasing the percentage of renewable energy in the state s mix to 20% by 2017 efforts to move date to Goal of 33% Renewable sources for electricity by Note: Large Hydropower (>30mW) and unregulated Biomass production are not included as Renewable.

13 California Biomass California s biomass resources include wood, garbage, and agricultural waste from California s vast farming industry. California produces 60 million dry tons of biomass each year. 1/12, or 5 million tons is burned in waste to energy plants to generate electricity. If all 60 million tons were used, California could generate 2,000 megawatts of electricity from biomass alone enough for 2,000,000 homes.

14 Geothermal California has 25 known geothermal resource areas (14 of which have 300 degree F resources). City of San Bernardino heats 37 buildings with geothermal energy using heated fluids moved through 15 miles of pipelines. Their Blood Bank and Animal Shelter are among facilities using this resource.

15 California Geothermal California Geothermal resources generate 40% of the world s geothermal electricity. California generates 1,900 megawatts of Geothermal electricity 4.9% of California s total electricity needs. The state has the potential of 4,000 megawatts of additional power with advancing Geothermal technology.

16 California Solar Concentrating Solar Generation: Solar Two located in the Mojave Desert uses 1800 mirrors to superheat fluids that in turn, boil water to generate steam. Concentrating Solar Power has the potential to generate power for 10,000 homes and with other power stations brought on line up to 200,000 homes. Small and Large Scale Installations: California s progressive solar incentives programs encourage use of solar. Facilities like the Moscone Center in San Francisco and Chevron E&P in Taft generate over 600,000 watts of power. SMUD alone produces 3,090,000 of solar electric power. Concentrating Solar Prospects

17 California Wind In 2004, turbines in wind farms generated 4,258 gigawatts of electricity. 1.5% of California s electricity. That 1.5% is enough electricity to light a city the size of San Francisco. Small wind in California is growing with incentives and residential/small commercial installation.

18 California Energy Resources California Energy Commission Energy Information Administration California Public Utility Commission Nuclear Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory