Scaling-up Decentralized Wastewater Treatment

Transcription

1 Scaling-up Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Source: BORDA Ajith Edathoot; G-STIC, 24 th October 2017

2 Source: BMGF BORDA Founded in Bremen in 1977 as a Civil Society Expert Organization Innovator & manager of urban waters, waste, livable spaces and local development 381 employees worldwide; 100 partners, 8 million turnover CDD Founded in Bangalore in 2005 as a Non-profit Organization Primary implementation partner of BORDA in India

3 Where do we work? Source: BORDA

4 SFD India Containment Emptying Transport Treatment Reuse/ Disposal 13.9% WC 36.18% On-Site Facility Centralized System (11.9%) Decentralized systems (2%) Safely Emptied (31%) Un-Safely Emptied (5.18%) Leakage includes DEWATS (3.6%+ 0.2%) Effectively Treated (5.2%) Not Effectively Treated (3.08%) Effectively Treated (1.4%) Not Effectively Treated (0.45%) Not Effectively Treated (9.21%) Safely Abandoned (0.09%) 5.2% 1.4% 6.7% 0.1% 50% OD / Open Discharg e 93.3% 49.9% 5.2% 21.7% 12.7% 3.8% Domestic Environment Agriculture field Receiving Waters Data Source Census 2011

5 SFD India Projection 2025 Containment Emptying Transport Treatment Reuse/ Disposal Effectively Treated (12%) 12% 26% WC Centralized System (20%) Decentralized systems (6%) Leakage includes DEWATS (5%+0.6%) Not Effectively Treated (3%) Effectively Treated (4.6%) Not Effectively Treated (0.81%) 5% 59% On-Site Facility Safely Emptied (48%) Legally dumped (26.0%) Not Effectively Treated (26. %) Safely Abandoned (2.88%) 19.5% 3% Un-Safely Emptied (11%) 15% OD / Open Discharg e 15% 11% 19% 30% 6% Domestic Environment Agriculture field 80.5% Receiving Waters CDD Society projections based on Census 2011

6 Devanahalli Devanahalli, peri-urban town close to Bangalore intern. airport Area: 16 km² Population: ca cap High water scarcity No centralized sewerage Devanahalli, one of the first FSM demonstration sites with reuse Implemented by CDD & BORDA Source: CDD

7 SFD Devanahalli before intervention Legally Dumped Source: CDD

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9 Devanahalli treatment process FSM Cluster/ Town level solution for DWWT Anaerobic FS treatment Supernatant treated in PGF & used onside for irrigation Sludge is dried and co-composted with organic material in windrows Settler ABR Planted Gravel Filter Vacuum truck Biogas digester Sludge Drying Beds Windrow Structures Source: CDD

10 Source: CDD FSTP Devanahalli Settler ABR PGF Collection Tank Sludge Drying Beds Treated & Dried Sludge

11 Source: CDD Co-composting of FS with organic waste Objectives: o Clean sanitary conditions in small towns or clusters via FSM and SWM Composting platform o Carbon rich compost as marketable product Mature windrow (up to 80 days old) Up to 6 Ft. o Safe reuse of compost as soil conditioner

12 Source: CDD Agricultural reuse Source: CDD Source: CDD Source: BORDA

13 Risk mitigation Standardized process for waste treatment Safety procedures for operators Sanitation Safety Planning Adapted irrigation practices Restrictions crop selection & use Quality assurance system & regular control Source: BORDA

14 Video

15 How much money is there? GDP India Government Spending (State & Central) 1598$ /capita 414$ /capita Share for wastewater 0.7$/capita Tsephel. S & Dash. I; Scalability of underground drainage and faecal sludge management; FSM 4; 2017

16 How much money does it take? a b c a b c a Current investment pattern 98% Sewerage, 2% FSM b Projections 80% Sewerage, 20% FSM c Projections 50% Sewerage, 50% FSM Tsephel. S & Dash. I; Scalability of underground drainage and faecal sludge management; FSM 4; 2017

17 Challenges in scale-up Structured waste disposal is commonly not practised. This results in contaminated FS with varied characteristics. Negligence and low capacity of authority responsible for O&M Local capacity and funding Varied experiences, taboos and awareness on proper FS reuse by farmers from very positive to outright rejection Established practices are highly accepted Additional cost for farmers Very low awareness for production methods on consumer level Work at the FSTP is not very attractive for educated labourers

18 Source: BMGF The approach Incremental improvement of sanitation conditions Actively seeking early adapters Communication & Capacity Building Multiple technology options, same principles Stakeholder consultation Solutions across the value chain

19 The Result

20 Ajith Edathoot Global Knowledge Management & Capacity Development