Eco-Innovation Parks

Transcription

1 Eco-Innovation Parks: industrial parks as nexus for resource efficiency, industrial symbiosis and eco-innovation Rene VAN BERKEL Chief, Cleaner and Sustainable Production Unit United Nations Industrial Development Organization Vienna, Austria Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

2 1. Green Industry Eco-Innovation for resource efficiency in practice in developing and emerging economies Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

3 Green Growth and Economy Green Economy An approach for achieving sustainable development by (1) reducing emissions and pollution and increasing resource efficiency and (2) improving access to energy, food, water, sanitation and other services (UN-EMG) Green Growth Fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our well-being relies (OECD) Green Growth and Economy require investment and innovation, which are driven by business Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

4 Green Industry for Green Growth Green Economy Green Growth Green Industry is the sectorstrategy for realization of Green Growth & Green Economy in manufacturing and related sectors Eco-Innovation Any form of innovation resulting in or aiming at significant and demonstrable progress towards the goad of sustainable development, through reducing impacts on the environment, enhancing resilience to environmental pressures, or achieving more efficient and responsible use of natural resources Sustainable Consumption and Production Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

5 Green Industry Greening of Industry Continuous improvement of resource productivity and environmental performance of industries in all sectors Cleaner Production Energy Efficiency Chemicals Management Etc. (Creating) Green Industries Industrial supply of environmental goods and services Waste management Resource recovery Renewable energy Etc. Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

6 GI Flagship Resource Efficient and Cleaner Production Continuous application of preventive environmental strategies to processes, products and services to increase efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment RECP addresses three sustainability dimensions individually and synergistically: Production efficiency» Through improved productive use of natural resources by enterprises Environmental management» Through minimization of the impact on nature by enterprises Human development» Through reduction of risks to people and communities from enterprises and supporting their development RECP= RECiPe Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

7 National Cleaner Production Centres Established to foster adaptation and adoption of Cleaner Production 1. Information and awareness creation 2. Professional training 3. Plant level assessments and demonstrations 4. Policy advice 5. Technology transfer and investment Programme launched in 1994 and since expanded to 50 countries Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

8 Global RECP Programme 1. RECP Service Delivery Network 1.2 New NCPCs 1.1 Global RECP Network 1.3 Existing NCPCs 3. RECP Incentives 3.1 Policy for RECP 3.2 Finance for RECP 2. Thematic RECP Applications 2.2. RECP for Waste & Emission Prevention 2.1 RECP for Resource Efficiency 2.3 RECP for Safe & Responsible Production Eco Innovation Parks 4. RECP Innovation 4.1 Environmentally Sound Technologies 4.2 Sustainable Product Developments DG Environment Eco-Innovation Action Plan Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

9 2. Eco-Innovation Parks From observation to replication and mainstreaming Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

10 concepts Industrial Symbiosis Practice and Outcome practice Eco-Industrial Development Exchanging by-products and other resources between firms Applying best environmental management practices for industrial parks, including, but not limited to material exchanges between firms Industrial Eco-System Eco-Industrial Park outcome van Berkel, R Regional Resource Synergies for Sustainable Development in Heavy Industrial Areas, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

11 Urban Integration Industrial Symbiosis Use of byproducts from industries by industries Exploitation of synergistic opportunities arising from the geographic proximity of industrial wastes (incl. materials, water and energy) and potential industrial users through the transfer of physical resources ( wastes ) for environmental and economic benefit Urban Symbiosis Eco-Towns Use of byproducts from cities in industrial operations Exploitation of synergistic opportunities arising from the geographic proximity of urban waste sources and potential industrial users through the transfer of physical resources ( wastes ) for environmental and economic benefit van Berkel, et all (i2009) Industrial and Urban Symbiosis in Japan: analysis of the Eco-Town Programme , J Env Man, p Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

12 Symbiosis Success Factors Process, equipment and/or infrastructure that collects and treats the resource stream to a level that it meets specific technical and market requirements Compelling evidence that (financial and other) business benefits outweigh the project costs and risks Business Case Technology successful synergy projects Licence to Operate Government endorsement and/or approval for project and applications of the recovered resource, and stakeholder consent that project contributes to sustainable development without compromising ecological integrity and community well-being van Berkel, R Regional Resource Synergies for Sustainable Development in Heavy Industrial Areas, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

13 Replication Initiatives Goal directed planning of eco-industrial parks USA: Presidential Council on Sustainable Development (PCSD) set out to support 15 EIPs UK: ongoing National Industrial Symbiosis Programme initially supported networking pilots in three regions and was in 2005 extended to national programme Rep of Korea: 2005 ongoing Successful pilots in brownfield industrial park set foundation for National Industrial Symbiosis Programme Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

14 USA Planned Eco-Industrial Park Model Directed effort to identify companies from different industries with intend to locate them together so that they can share resources across and among themselves 15 EIPs initiated in 1996, after 10 years only two were realized, each with limited resource exchanges Overemphasis on matching of flows narrows possible company recruitments creates rigidity whilst market demands flexibility Chertow, M. (2007), Uncovering Industrial Symbiosis, JIE, Vol 11, No 1, pg Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

15 United Kingdom Eco-Industrial Networking Bringing on a regional basis companies together from different industry sectors to identify waste reduction (3R) solutions West Midlands Region ( )» 330 companies participating, approximately half of them involved in 189 resource exchanges, > 1.1 million ton waste diverted from landfill Focused on companies and active support for identification and realization of 3R opportunities Paquin, R. And Howard-Grenville (2012), The Evolution of Facilitated Industrial Symbiosis, JIE, 16 (1), pg Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

16 Parks, S (2010), Practical Experiences from Eco-Industrial Park Project in Ulsan, UNIDO, Shanghai, 24 May 2010 Republic of Korea Retrofit Industrial Park Model Improve environmental performance and increase business competitiveness by resource circulation in aging industrial complex Ulsan Pilot Project ( )» 50M USD invested in first 9 resource exchanges, generating annual savings exceeding 34M USD, reduced GHG emissions by 140,000 ton CO2eq Being replicated at national level since 2009

17 Lessons Learned EIPs simultaneously require innovations in: Business relations (between companies) Resource flows (between facilities) Driven by business case with spill-over benefits: Adoption of new (environmental) technologies New products, services and businesses Provision of environmental services, including to cities Identification and realization of such innovations involves Networking, serendipitous and goal-directed Assessment of processes and resources This benefits from facilitation And results in embedded-ness, culturally and institutionally Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

18 Comprehensive Picture Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production Industrial (and Urban) Symbiosis Environment and Energy Infrastructure Eco-Innovation Parks Networking Facilitation Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

19 3. UNIDO Strategy Fostering Resource Efficient and Cleaner Production (RECP) at enterprise AND park level in developing and emerging countries Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

20 Platform Process Project Model Project Process Environmental Infrastructure 3R, collective utilities, etc. (EST transfer) Input/ Output Analysis Enterprise-level RECP Cluster-level - IS Platform Cluster Organization Enterprise collaboration Business support services (RECP node) Based on van Berkel, R Regional Resource Synergies for Sustainable Development in Heavy Industrial Areas, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

21 Implementation Strategy Start-up RECP in multiple enterprises Strengthen BMO Scale-up Replicate RECP (in all enterprises) I/O analysis and synergies Consolidate Expand and/or create environmental and resource conservation infrastructure Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

22 Preliminary Evidence Ankleshwar Industrial Estate SME cluster specialized in chemical synthesis dyestuffs, pharma and intermediates Phase 1 RECP at individual enterprises with introduction of environmentally sound technologies Phase 2 Continuous process for pigment synthesis Common wastes and emissions Spent acid recovery Plasma Thermal Destruction and Recovery Catalytic air oxidation» Avoid in excess of 110,000 ton CO2-eq UNIDO, Industrial Energy Efficiency (2011), Industrial Development Report, Vienna, Austria Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

23 Current Status ( ) National Preliminary assessments Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia and Vietnam Pilot EIPs Vietnam India China Indonesia Global Comparative assessment of EIP experiences (industrial) policy Business support Business models Technology needs Certification Expert Group Meeting Good Practice Publication Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September

24 Thank You Rene VAN BERKEL Chief, Cleaner and Sustainable Production Unit r.vanberkel(at)unido.org Eco-Innovation Parks 21 September