Innovative in situ & ex situ remediation technologies

Transcription

1 Innovative in situ & ex situ remediation technologies Bilbao, November 23rd, 2011 Wim Plaisier MSc Technical Director Remediation ARCADIS / In-Situ Technieken Imagine the result

2 ARCADIS at a Glance United States 53% RoW 10% Infrastructure Geography Europe 34% Business Lines Water Key Statistics Revenue 2 billion people worldwide Europe top 3 Worldwide top 10 Services Program & project management Consultancy Master planning & Architecture Design & Engineering Implementation 28% 16% Environment Buildings 38% 18%

3

4 GRiP Guaranteed Remediation Certainty by Guarantee Environmental costs Environmental cleanup liabilities Cleanup schedule Realize Savings Invest in clean up instead of everlasting compliance Time to completion Remove Financial surprises (extra costs, overruns) Staff distractions on regulatory compliance, legal response actions, site investigations and status reporting Improve Balance sheet Public image, Investor perceptions

5 Safety moment Safety is a key issue for ARCADIS Our (multinational) clients require the implementation of strict safety procedures Slide 5 6 September 2011 ARCADIS 2011

6 Dia 6

7 Innovative Remediation Technologies Dia 7

8 What is remediation?? Removal, destruction or transformation of contaminants Three basic remedial processes: 1. Physical 2. Chemical 3. Biological In situ vs Ex situ Source zones vs Dissolved plumes Other options available; Containment, MNA Dia 8 7 maart 2011 ARCADIS 2011

9 Remediation Technologies Overview Source Removal Technologies Dig and Dump Soil Vapor Extraction VER/BioSlurping/Dual Phase Chemical Oxidation (I&E) In Situ Chemical Reduction Thermal Technologies (I&E) Soil Stabilization/Solidification (I&E) Plume/Dissolved Phase IRZ Anaerobic IRZ Aerobic Air Sparge/bio sparge Pump and Treat Funnel and Gates (PRBs) PhytoRemediation/Hydraulics Constructed Wetlands Dia 9 IRZ: In Situ Reactive zone

10 Slow release products in tankpits Aeration windmills Solar Power Free Product Recovery (Solar Sippers) Phyto-System Innovative but not to be presented!! Dia 10 7 maart 2011 ARCADIS 2011

11 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 11 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

12 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 12 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

13 IRZ - Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination (ERD) Degradation of recalcitrant compounds under natural aerobic groundwater environments Carbon substrates create anaerobic and strongly reducing conditions Subsequent substitution of chlorineatom with hydrogen; dechlorination Dia 13 7 maart 2011 ARCADIS 2011

14 Dia 14

15 Dia 15 Classical IRZ Response In-Situ Reductive Zone Technology MW apr-95 sep-95 dec-95 mrt-96 jun-96 sep-96 dec-96 apr-97 jun-97 okt-97 dec-97 mrt-98 jul-98 okt-98 feb-99 mei-99 okt-99 micrograms per liter mrt-00 Pilot Study Remediation Injection Events PCE TCE cis-1,2-dce VC

16 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 16 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

17 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 17 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

18 Example: IJsseloord, Arnhem, The Netherlands

19 Situation before start Waste material

20 Step 1: Excavating area of new depot and installing protective measures

21 Step 2: Filling the new depot

22 Step 3: Covering depot with clean soil

23 Step 4: Layer of clean soil in excavated landfill (functional use)

24 Step 5: Construction of new offices

25 Process management Technically speaking simple technology Moreover a (process) management issue Good survey and risk assessment Formal change of use of the location Approval from authorities on goals All stakeholders need to stay on board Preparation can take years!! Dia 25

26 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 26 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

27 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 27 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

28 In-Situ Chemical Oxidation using Fenton oxidation INVISTA Chemicals, Dordrecht, the Netherlands Imagine the result

29 Tetrahydrofuran (THF) Solvent Cyclic ether High solubility (miscible) No adsorption (log K ow = 0,46) High vapour pressure (162 mm Hg) Low Henry constant (7 x 10-5 atm.m 3 /mol) Density 0.9 kg/l Slide 29 6 September 2011 ARCADIS 2011

30 THF impacts beginning of project Production facility Plume area? Plume area? Excavation 2500 m mbg Sandy soil, clay layer at 5 mbg Chemical facility Slide 30

31 Some results from groundwater Harbour 860,000 µg/l 1,400,000 µg/l Leidingstraat P210 P209 P101 P P P102 P204 P206 P2 P2a P2b P3 P418 P208 P P P301 Hekwerk P103 P P ,000 µg/l Road P meter Slide 31

32 Groundwater movement Pb 504 Haven 542 Leidingstraat 2,2 m +NAP Pb 1005 Pb Pb 502 1,8 m +NAP Pb ,1 m +NAP 417 Pb ,9 m +NAP Pb ,0 m +NAP 2,1 m +NAP Pb 1006 Pb 1007 Pb 1004 Pb Garage Solvent Storage 608 Pb 1001 Pb ,2 m +NAP 2,3 m +NAP 2,4 m +NAP Pb meter Slide 32

33 Site overview Slide 33

34 Bench-scale study Oxidation of THF by Fenton s reagent Sodium persulfate Determination of THF Biological degradation Polymerization Slide 34 6 September 2011 ARCADIS 2011

35 THF in mixture soil and water Untreated Treated Dia mei 2011 ARCADIS 2011

36 Target area at premises Invista Pb Harbour 542 Leidingstraat Pb Target area Pb P Pb 1004 Pb 501 P301 Hekwerk P P P P P P P P102 P P P P2 P2a 530 P2b P3 529 P104 P P Pb 1001 Road P207 Pb meter Slide 36

37 Remedial system overview Pb Harbour 542 Leidingstraat Pb Pb P Pb 1004 Pb 501 P301 Hekwerk P P P P P P P P102 P P P P2 P2a 530 P2b P3 529 P104 P P Pb 1001 Road P207 Pb meter Slide 37

38 Full-scale remediation Targeted at area between 3 and 5 mbg (above clay layer) 146 injectors 4 injection periods, with intermediate periods of 3-4 months In total, 160 tonnes of 50% hydrogen peroxide injected (diluted) Catalyst solution Slide 38 6 September 2011 ARCADIS 2011

39 Full-scale remediation Execution: June 2008 April 2009 Nov May 2010 Nov Pilot First injection period Second injection period Third injection period Fourth injection period Slide 39 6 September 2011 ARCADIS 2011

40 Contamination before start Pb x Intervention value contour Harbour 542 Leidingstraat Pb Pb P Pb 1004 Pb 501 P301 Hekwerk P P P P P P P P102 P P P P2 P2a 530 P2b P3 529 P104 P P Pb 1001 Road P207 Pb 1002 Site boundary 25 meter Slide 40

41 Contamination after second injection Pb Harbour 542 Leidingstraat Pb Pb P Pb 1004 Pb 501 P301 Hekwerk P P P P P P P P102 P P P P2 P2a 530 P2b P3 529 P104 P P Pb 1001 Road P207 Pb meter Slide 41

42 Contamination after third injection Pb Harbour 542 Leidingstraat Pb Pb P Pb 1004 Pb 501 P301 Hekwerk P P P P P P P P102 P P P P2 P2a 530 P2b P3 529 P104 P P Pb 1001 Road P207 Pb meter Slide 42

43 Contamination after fourth injection Pb Harbour 542 Leidingstraat Pb Pb P Pb 1004 Pb 501 P301 Hekwerk P P P P P P P P102 P P P P2 P2a 530 P2b P3 529 P104 P P Pb 1001 Road P207 Pb meter Slide 43

44 Slide 44 Average concentration THF during remediation

45 Results Average concentration (n=20-24) decreased from 140,000 µg/l to 434 µg/l 99.7% reduction 10 x Intervention value contour has diminished in treatment area Flux towards neighboring sites has diminished. Concentrations decreased from > 100,000 µg/l to max. 30 µg/l Highest concentration remaining in treated area is 2,600 µg/l Slide 45 6 September 2011 ARCADIS 2011

46 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 46 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

47 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 47 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

48 Richmond CA, Sediment Remediation and Refinery Pond Closure 27 hectare pond 4 basins 300,000m 3 of oily sediments (1-5 meter thick) 70,000m 3 of dredged sediments

49 Richmond CA, Refinery Pond Closure Objectives of closure: isolate the sediments redevelop the site Soil stabilisation selected to create a cap foundation layer

50 Richmond CA, Refinery Pond Closure Full Scale Implementation: Observational Approach Daily mixing cells Sampling Classification Moisture content testing Mix design selection

51 Richmond CA, Refinery Pond Closure Cell Prep Cement and Fly Ash Plant Cement and Fly Ash Delivery Mixing Soil Delivery Soil Cover Mixing

52 Richmond CA, Refinery Pond Closure

53

54

55

56

57 Costs Costs were approx. 20 mln US Revenues from land sold: 26 mln US Nett surplus: + 6 mln US!! Dia 57

58 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 58 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

59 Remedial technologies: vs [C] Ex situ thermal Ex situ (on-site) chemox In situ thermal treatment (stream, electrical) Solidification / stabilization In situ chemox (ISCO) Ex situ bio (land farming) In situ bio Re-Use (on-site) Dia 59 0 Contaminant concentrations [C]

60 Dia 60

61 Imagine the result