Capacity Building for (Energy) Market Transformation. Arno D. Tomowski

Transcription

1 Capacity Building for (Energy) State Utilities Regulators National Service Companies RE- Potential Banks Finance Sector RE- Potential Mass Media Research Consumers Schools Social Vocational Training Arno D. Tomowski Division 44, Environment and Infrastructure, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH 1

2 from ~1982 to ~1993 Brief history of Renewable Energies (RE) and the Rational Use of Energy (RUE): first oil price shock in 73; second in 79 (Khomeini / Iran); safe energy supply until mid 80s, (high import prices); then reduction of oil price in 85, but Chernobyl in 86; then oil abundant, increasing work on climate issues ; 2

3 from ~1982 to ~1993. GTZ received numerous and big contracts to promote renewable energies in developing countries, SONDERENERGIE-PROGRAMM ESMAP, AIT, and many other national, regional institutions growing and very active; significant R&D on renewable energy activities in Germany and Nordic countries; RE- Potential GTZ s partner countries building capacity in R&D. 3

4 . to the 90s and. green ministries started subsidizing renewable energies, internationally, enthusiasm for renewable energies reduced, energy efficiency became less important, renewable energies received much less attention in developing countries,! Renewable energies a total failure with high opportunity costs? RE- Potential 4

5 New Challenges Today serious threat of climate change, increasing energy prices, conflicts arising from fossil energy resources demand, Disadvantages of nuclear energy, fight against rural poverty and migration, cost of building, expanding, maintaining big systems. 5

6 today's situation: Technologies to use renewable energies have developed enormously: production numbers of wind energy converters have gone up, economies of scale are being realized, cost of photovoltaics decreased substantially, new biomass technologies have emerged, others have been improved and refined, success stories in solar thermal applications,..and much more!!! 6

7 Our small renewable plant has grown! Will it bear fruit and replicate? Technology Development Technology Research RE- Potential What do we need to make it grow and fertile? 7 Testing of Applications

8 Utilities National State Regulators Banks Service Companies RE- Potential 8 Finance Sector Mass Media Schools Social Vocational Training Research Consumers Technology Development

9 General statements about very diverse REsystems are rather difficult. However, we need more work on: systems & financing.but also on: awareness, socio-economic research, education and training, local and municipal, private sector roles need to be considered Banks Finance Sector Mass Media Systemic approaches 9

10 Banks Capacity Building for (Energy) Promotion of Renewable Energies often means decentralized systems versus centralized systems : Finance Sector State Utilities Regulators National Service Companies Banks Finance Sector Capacity building or building know-how required: Mass Media Research Consumers Schools Social Vocational Training How do RE-systems look? Understanding the specifics of RE! Design financing instruments for RE-risk analysis! Lending to smaller entities (utilities, service organizations,..)! Design procedures in financing institutions! RE- Potential 10 systemic approaches

11 Market Transformation Main Areas in Capacity Building Human capacity development Education, Training and General Awareness Institutional capacity development Local and Municipal Level National and subnational-level Financing Regional and Organizations International Research and Technology Development Service Companies Regulators National Utilities 11

12 Human Capacity Development Improved educational efforts in renewables : Enhanced knowledge of cross-linkages, Social benefits of energy services, Gender equality and Environmental impacts of conventional energies. Environmental nstitutions Social (Health etc.) 12

13 Market Transformation Human Capacity Development Developing professional skills: Research Curricula development, training experiences and materials should be internationally shared, Better documentation (of donor activities, case studies, success stories, replicable approaches, etc) Internet-based information exchange, cooperation, More coordination of external support and ownership. 13

14 Human Capacity Development Developing professional skills: International (Financing) International Networking in a Global Renewable Energy Partnership (GREP?), Curricula for professionals covering topics of renewable energy systems and Twinning arrangements involving exchange of personnel. International Networks 14

15 Human Capacity Development Mass Media Role of mass media: Communicate the benefits of renewables to the public, TV programmes on sustainable energy issues, Promotion of impacts of renewable energies, Design Public-Private-Partnerships (PPP) and Reliable consumer information. Consumers 15

16 Institutional Capacity Development Local and municipal-level institutions: Programs to promote renewable energy systems, Decision makers should identify energy needs, Enable NGOs for installation and maintenance of renewable energy systems, Identify local project promoters and financiers and Provide support for the definition of local policy frameworks. NGO Local 16

17 Institutional Capacity Development National and sub national-level institutions: Mobilize funding for national agencies, Build capacities to function across sectors and Develop well-functioning and independent regulatory bodies. Regulators State 17

18 Capacity Building for (Energy) Institutional Capacity Development Regional institutions and organizations: Coordination, information exchange and data analysis between countries in the region, Undertake specific research, Economic integration and creation of common markets, Reduction of trade barriers and Market development. State Utilities Regulators National Service Companies Banks Finance Sector RE- Potential 18 Mass Media Research Consumers Schools Social Vocational Training Regional Cooperation

19 Capacity Building for (Energy) Institutional Capacity Development Banks Financing institutions: Special points of access, Adapt structures of conventional energy institutions, Strengthening financial intermediaries for investments for smaller scale. Finance Sector Utilities State Utilities Regulators National Service Companies Banks Finance Sector RE- Potential 19 Consumers Mass Media Research Schools Social Vocational Training

20 Capacity Building for (Energy) State Utilities Regulators Institutional Capacity Development National Service Companies Research and technology development: Accelerate R&D aimed at cost reduction, Increase funding for non technological and technological research and technology development (RTD), International support to research in developing countries, Energy research laboratories and universities must adapt to more holistic and coordinated ways of working, Banks Finance Sector RE- Potential Mass Media Research Consumers Schools Social Vocational Training Research 20

21 Social Capacity Building for (Energy) Thank you very much for your attention and interest! Utilities Regulators State Service Companies National Banks Finance Sector Potential RE- 21 Consumers Mass Media Research Technology Development Vocational Training Schools Working Technology

22 State Capacity Building for (Energy) Market Transformation Institutional Capacity Development National and subnational-level : National governments and administrations act to encourage renewable energy markets, Build sub-national units for decentralized action, Support joint policy making and priority setting, National agencies provide technical support to State Utilities Regulators respective ministries National Service Companies Banks RE- Potential 17 Finance Sector Consumers Mass Media Research Schools Social Vocational Training

23 Institutional Capacity Development International : in general increasing efficacy and efficiency and capacity building to understand renewable energies.

24 Institutional Capacity Development Research and Technology Development: International synergies avoid duplications of efforts and Networks of universities including the establishment of virtual RTD institutions should be build. Research