4. What is Item A called? a. Eckman dredge b. Secchi disk c. Van Dorn sampler d. Ponar sampler

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1 Envirothon Questions for AQUATICS station April 24, Eutrophication often results in large fish kills. What is the major cause of these fish kills? a. Oxygen has been depleted due to the decay of massive algal growth caused by large amounts of nutrients b. Nutrients poison the fish c. Nutrients attract organisms that are detrimental to the native fish d. Very cold and oxygen-rich water 2. All living things in a pond are constantly going through a process called respiration, where the take in oxygen from the water and give off carbon dioxide. In addition, plants go through the process of photosynthesis, where they take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. At what time of day would you expect the concentration of oxygen in a pond to be the lowest? a. Midnight b. Dawn c. Noon d. Dusk 3. Which of the following is a poisonous water snake native to Ohio? a. Copperhead b. Lake Erie watersnake c. Water moccasin d. There are no poisonous water snakes native to Ohio 4. What is Item A called? a. Eckman dredge b. Secchi disk c. Van Dorn sampler d. Ponar sampler 5. What is Item A used for? a. To measure water depth in a lake b. To measure water clarity in a lake c. To collect water samples in a lake d. To collected sediment samples in a lake

2 6. Animal B is the largest salamander native to Ohio. It is found in cool, unpolluted streams in the Appalachian region of the state. What is its name? a. Mudpuppy b. Eastern hellbender c. Caecilian d. Two-lined salamander 7. Animal C is a state endangered species that is found in the Ohio River. What is it? a. Muskellunge b. Sturgeon c. Paddlefish d. Bowfin 8. Plant D is a common plant along the margins of Ohio wetlands. What is its common name? a. Soft rush b. Path rush c. Bulrush d. Torrey s rush 9. Look at the restored stream across the trail from the pond. Note the intensive plantings along the stream. Plants in a riparian buffer are important because: a. They stabilize the stream bank b. The provide habitat for animals c. They shade the stream, cooling its water d. All of the above 10. Look at the black fabric along the edge of the slope by the stream restoration area. What is it used for? a. To stabilize the toe of the slope b. To prevent animals from accidentally tracking into the restoration area c. To prevent sediment from washing into the stream d. To keep people away from the restoration area 11. The pond has a shallow shelf along one of its edges. Why was it built this way? a. To prevent people from accidentally falling into the pond b. To allow the pond to develop a margin of wetland plants c. To provide spawning habitat for fish d. To provide habitat for shorebirds

3 12. What type of wetland plant is Plant E? a. Grass b. Rush c. Sedge d. Iris 13. There is a black plastic box at the edge of the pond. What is it used for? a. To sample the water in the pond b. To provide fish passage downstream c. To allow managers to regulate water levels in the pond as necessary d. To accumulate sediment so that the water flowing out of the pond is clean 14. There are two categories of pollution that enter Ohio s waters. Some pollution comes from a specific, identifiable source and is called point source pollution. The source of other types of pollution cannot be readily traced to a specific source and is called nonpoint source pollution. One of the following nonpoint source pollutants currently is the greatest threat to Ohio s waters. Which is it? a. Septic tank runoff b. Soil erosion and sedimentation from agriculture or construction c. Effluent from wastewater treatment plants d. Road salt 15. A typical urban environment can produce many environmental impacts. Which of the following effects can be lessened by maintaining urban riparian zones along urban streams? a. Increased stormwater runoff causing flooding and sediment deposition in streams b. Extreme temperature variations throughout the day c. Erosion along stream banks d. All of the above 16. Northeast Ohio drains into which watershed(s)? a. The Lake Erie watershed b. The Ohio River watershed c. The Great Miami River watershed d. Items a and b e. Items a, b and c 17. A dimictic lake: a. Is dominated by algae and fish b. Experiences frost and ice buildup c. Has both a spring a fall mixing (turnover) d. Is dominated by fish and waterfowl

4 18. Greater biodiversity in an aquatic system would help promote a. Higher primary productivity b. Ecosystem stability c. More rapid nutrient cycling d. Higher biomass 19. The limiting nutrient in most freshwater systems is a. Carbon b. Nitrogen c. Phosphorus d. Potassium 20. In Ohio, a Primary Headwater Habitat Stream is defined as a stream a. With a width less than 2m b. With a drainage area less than 1 square mile c. Any first order stream d. Fed by springs 21. The following is a set of Hester-Dendy multi-plate water sampling devices. What are these used for in a stream? a. They provide a medium for the growth and collection of coliform bacteria b. They create a riffle effect upstream of oxygen sampling sites c. They determine the erosion rates in water with a high sediment load d. They provide for the colonization and collection of benthic macroinvertebrates 22. In river or stream ecosystems, which of the following assemblages of fish would indicate the best water quality? a. Green sunfish, creek chub, common carp b. Rainbow darter, stonecat madtom, logperch c. Channel catfish, creek chub d. Freshwater drum, channel catfish 23. A bog is a rare wetland type in Ohio. Which set of descriptors best decribes this ecosystem? a. No hydrologic inflows or outflows, dominated by sphagnum moss, acidic, very low nutrient ecosystems b. Fed primarily by groundwater, dominated by sedges, cedars c. Nutrient rich, semi-permanently flooded, dominated by cattails d. Forested, seasonally flooded, dominated by pin oaks, elms, red maples, great amphibian breeding locations

5 24. Ohio EPA s method to scientifically sample fish in a stream is to: a. Use seines and dip nets to collect fish b. Use rotenone and collect the fish that float to the surface c. Shock the fish with direct current using a generator and collect the stunned fish in a net d. Use a rod and a reel for a defined period of time 25. This pond will be stocked later today. Many species of fish are stocked in Ohio ponds, including some that probably shouldn t be. Of the lists below, which list would be the best for most Ohio ponds in general and this pond in particular? a. Largemouth bass, bluegills, channel catfish b. Largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, rainbow trout c. Walleyes, muskellunge and northern pike d. Rainbow trout, lake trout, brook trout