MECH 430: Thermal System Designs

Transcription

1 MECH 430: Thermal System Designs Instructor: Dr. Stephen J. Harrison Rm. 406, McLaughlin Hall Course webpage: (currently being revised)

2 Course Objectives This course is concerned with the technical, economic and environmental aspects of conventional and novel methods of energy supply and use. Emphasis will be placed on the analysis and design of thermal systems. Topics include: electric utility demand and supply; the analysis of thermal power generation systems including combined cycle and cogeneration plants; emission control; alternative energy systems.

3 Course Content Review of basic thermodynamics, heat exchangers, psychometrics and building energy use. Environmental Impact and Emission Controls: Environmental Aspects of Conventional Energy Production; Global Warming; Emissions Controls. Electric Utility Demand and Supply: Demand analysis; Utility Generating Capacity; Load Duration Curves and Load Factors; Peak and Base Loads; Reserve Capacity; Load Diversity and Demand Management Schemes. Design of Thermal Power Systems: Steam Power Cycles; Performance Parameters; Distributed Power Generation: Micro gas turbine; Fuel Cell Combined Cycles and Cogeneration: Gas Turbine Plants; the Production of Heat and Power; Waste Heat Recovery Boilers. Non-conventional Energy Sources: Design and performance of Solar and Wind Power Systems; Applications, Limitations and Economics.

4 Time & Location: Lectures: Tuesday 12:30 PM, Rm. 12 Dunning Hall Thursday 11:30 AM, Rm. 12 Dunning Hall Friday 1:30 AM, McLaughlin Hall Rm. 315 Tutorial: (Mandatory) Monday 1:30 PM, Rm. 12 Dunning Hall Course Teaching Assistants: Kristen & Nick The Tutorial periods may be used for class videos, quizzes and tutorials. Please check the website schedule for more details.

5 Reference Text (optional) Hodge, B. K.- Alternative Energy Systems 1st Edition - April 2009, John Wiley & Sons. 418 Pages 1. Energy Usage in the United States 2. Fundamentals of Turbomachinery 3. Hydropower 4. Wind Energy 5. Combustion Turbines 6. Solar Energy Fundamentals 7. Active Solar Thermal 8. Passive Solar Energy 9. Photovoltaic Systems 10. Fuel Cells 11. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems 12. Biomass 13. Geothermal Energy 14. Ocean Energy 15. Nuclear Energy

6 Marking Scheme (Tentative) Assignments/Tutorials 10% Test #1 20% Test #2 20% Test #3 20% Project 30%

7 Class Tests There will be three class tests for this course. Please note: Module 1 Test : Oct 26, 2015 Module 2 Test : Date to be determined Module 3 Test : Date to be determined These tests will cover material presented in class such as videos, lecture notes. All tests are closed book and will be written during the class or tutorial periods.

8 Final Project Every year, teams of Mech 430 students develop a thermal systems project, with a focus on energy. The project runs throughout the term, with several deliverables along the way. At the end of the term, the teams present and test their work in McLaughlin Hall

9 This Year s Project: Mini Solar Building Goal In teams of 4 or 5: design, build, and test a mini-solar building. The small, passive solar structure will contain a thermocouple that will measure the interior temperature over a period of 5 days. The goal is to maintain ASHRAE thermal comfort standards inside the enclosure during the hours of 7am-9pm.

10 Background: Buildings are responsible for 30% of Canada s energy consumption. Reducing the amount of energy used by buildings involves the use of both active and passive strategies.

11 Project Evaluation (tentative) The marks for the project will be distributed as follows: 15% Design Proposal 30% Detailed Design and Performance Prediction 30% Design, Construction, and Performance 10% Presentation to Judges 15% Performance 5% Design features 25% Final Report 100% TOTAL We may also introduce peer-to-peer marking if we receive concerns about member participation in teams.

12 Project Schedule (tentative) Week 2: Monday: In class introduction Tuesday: Groups due by Week 3: Wednesday, Proposal Due Week 4-7: Construction and Modelling Model & Description due

13 Project Schedule Week 8: Testing Sunday/Monday, Construction due Tuesday-Friday Testing Week 11: Final Report Due Week 12: Project removal & disposal

14 Detailed Design and Performance Prediction (30%) You will need to submit a performance prediction (system model) prior to testing the device Predicted performance will be compared with test results in the final report Modeling of system will be discussed in class

15 Testing Testing will occur in November Testing will occur at the Solar Calorimetry Lab on the roof of McLaughlin Hall Teams are responsible for setting up their device before 5pm the day before testing After testing the prototype must be removed from the roof of McLaughlin Hall and safely disassembled/disposed of

16 Temperature The designs will be tested side-by-side outdoors at the end of term for a multi-day period and the interior temperature recorded. This data will be provided along with solar radiation and ambient air temperature data for inclusion in the Team s final report. T T T T T DAQ Module Time

17 Testing:

18 Performance Criteria (15% of Project Mark) Performance points will be deducted if condensation occurs

19 Performance Criteria (15% of Project Mark)

20 Final Reports Your teams final report will be due one week after testing The final report deliverables will be posted in the project outline available on the course website.

21 Rules 1. The device must not have any external sources of power except the provided battery. All heat must be provided by the sun (and provided battery). 2. Devices will be subject to safety check by the judges. Fire hazards and loose materials will penalize your team. 3. All but two interior and exterior surfaces must be painted white 4. Four Vacuum Insulated Panels (VIPs) are provided and must be used as the walls and base of the prototype. The roof and front façade materials are unrestricted.

22 Rules 7. Judges must be able to place the smaller block inside the device prior to testing (i.e. The device must open) 8. Temperature will be measured with a singular temperature measuring device. It will be located central to the small block approximately 1/3 of the way from the bottom. 9. The device must incorporate glazing that totals at least 25% of the floor area. This 25% window area must provide visual communication between the outside and inside (i.e., small block) of the device.

23 Design Kit Teams will be given: 4 x VIP panels Thermal Conductivity: W/mK (Advertised) W/mK (Independent lab tests) 21 ¾ 18 1 Piece Plexiglass Dimensions of VIP panel +/- a few inches specify in proposal 1 Roll Duct Tape

24 Design Considerations Geometry (size, aspect ratio, shape) Glazing Materials (thermal/optical properties, sustainability, construction) Cost Air Infiltration Condensation (performance points will be deducted if condensation occurs) Ease of Construction/Fabrication