Initiative: Climate Smart Agriculture by APEC Centre for Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Fishery Sectors

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1 2016/PPFS/004 Agenda Item: 2 Initiative: Climate Smart Agriculture by APEC Centre for Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Fishery Sectors Purpose: Information Submitted by: Singapore Policy Partnership on Food Security Meeting Piura, Peru September 2016

2 by APEC Centre for Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Fishery Sectors Presented By A/ Prof Matthew Tan Co Chair WG1 Singapore Representative (Private Sector) PPFS APEC Chief Technology Officer Oceanus Group Ltd APEC PPFS, Peru - Sept Climate Smart Agriculture Inland Vegetable Farming Land Scarce Country Urban farming Bio Secure facility Controlled Environment Longer ROI as compared to traditional Agriculture Predictable & Climate Smart farming 2 1

3 Inland Vegetable Farming in Singapore Inland Vegetable Farming in Singapore 2

4 Inland Vegetable Farming in Singapore Multi Storey Indoor Vegetable Farming 3

5 Climate Smart Green House APEC PPFS, Peru - Sept Climate Smart Green House Problems faced by Farmers today Global Warming Greenhouse gases are trapping more heat in the Earth's atmosphere causing average temperatures to rise all over the world. Temperatures have risen during the last 30 years, and 2001 to 2010 was the warmest decade ever recorded Leading to reduction in the amount of water available for irrigation. As a results, many Green Houses & nurseries (for seedling) are negatively impacted 4

6 Climate Smart Green House Solar energy distribution Climate Smart Green House Development of Anti Thermal Coating for Green House and Indoor Nursery use Mitigate the rising temperature in Green House that is decimating young seedlings Reduction in energy usage Energy used in Green House for cooling purposes Inexpensive and Sustainable approach 10 5

7 Laboratory Testing UV-Vis-NIR spectrum Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) The SHGC is expressed as a dimensionless number from 0 to 1. A high coefficient signifies high heat gain, while a low coefficient means low heat gain. Uncoated film UV block percentage:0 % IR block percentage:9% SHGC 0.75 Coated film UV block percentage:90 % IR block percentage:91% SHGC:

8 Application Results: Anti Thermal Coating applied on ETFE roof panel Outdoor Testing Measurement is conducted to derive the effectiveness of the anti thermal coating applied on rooftop for reducing the solar energy transmittance. Point A (direct sunlight) 11:44am Solar power: 876w/m 2 Transmission base line: 190% Lux level: 74,200 lux Point B (under roof without coating) 11:41am Solar power: 438w/m 2 Transmission base line: 100% Lux level: 40,300 lux Point C (under roof with coating) 11:42am Solar power: 72w/m 2 Transmission base line: 16% Lux level: 31,800 lux 7

9 Trend Logging for temperature measurement at various locations under ETFE coated roof as well as the outdoor condition is proposed for better understanding of temperature profile and characteristics. 8

10 Climate Smart Green House Development of Anti Thermal Coating for Green House and Indoor Nursery use Heat Reduction by 90% Light transmission 80% Average reduction by about 8 degree Celsius (ambient) Inexpensive and easy to use Expanding use to Indoor Aquaculture Hatchery & temperate species grow-out Aquaculture farm Climate Smart Irrigation APEC PPFS, Peru - Sept

11 Climate Smart Irrigation Problems faced by Farmers today Global Warming Due to global the onslaught of Global Warming, temperatures all over the world have risen during the last 30 years; 2001 to 2010 was the warmest decade ever recorded Leading to reduction in the amount of water available for irrigation. Leading to need for greater frequency of watering & also due to loss of water from leaching Climate Smart Irrigation Development of Soil Moisturizer for sustained release of water for Agriculture Irrigation Enhance soil wettability and roots attraction to water Provide sustained release of moisture to plant roots Formulation should not have any adverse effect on plant growth, soil quality and environment Reduction in manpower and water wastages from leaching energy usage Inexpensive and Sustainable approach 20 10

12 The Science Soil water repellency: organic compounds (either living or decomposing plants/microorganisms. hydrophobic compounds absorbed as small globules and not as uniform monolayer. hydrophobic property is enhanced once such molecules get absorbed. Drying of the soil A water repellent layer is form organic solutes move to soil surface 4 The Technology - Amphiphilic Formulation Amphiphilic molecules has both hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail. Hydrophilic head Hydrophobic tail Affinity for both hydrophobic surfaces and water Possible head groups can be non-ionic or cationic or anionic. Will avoid alkylphenol based surfactants. 11

13 The Technology Slow Release Formulation Using phase transition trigger by extern al factors to release moisture. - Temperature Cationic surfact ant with different urea additives - ph surfactants consisting of PAA Schematic phase diagram: Surfactant-Water Will be making use of lamellar Lα phase for trapping moisture ( high affinity for moisture) Transition temperature tune by chain length and surfactant/ urea concentration. Impact on Plants Laboratory and On-site 12

14 Climate Smart Irrigation Development of Soil Moisturizer for sustained release of water for Agriculture Irrigation Work in Progress Water saving By as much as 50 to 80% Manpower saving 300% Increase in Crop Yield As much as 30 % Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming APEC PPFS, Peru - Sept

15 Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming Use of Renewal Energy Climate Smart Farming With the growing scarcity of land, return on economic activities on land is becoming more important Growth of solar energy power generation are growing in huge scale which requires vast amount of land. Ironically and very often, the land below the solar array has no economic benefit which becomes a growing dilemma for many policymakers. Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming Use of Renewal Energy Climate Smart Farming This scenarios represents a clear opportunity and possible optimal solution where clean energy production and farming can co existing under the same plot of land Crops such as lettuce, mushrooms, chilies and melon are suitable with this type of Sheltered Greenhouse. 14

16 Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming Use of Renewal Energy Climate Smart Farming Possible Doubling of yield on the same plot of land Solar array design allows for good light transmission while lowering shading effects given by semi-pitch on which the panels will be set up while aiding adequate ventilation in order to procure optimal climate management. Translucent panel arrangement allows optimal sunlight to go through in order to integrate light diffusion inside. Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming Maximizing Land Yield 15

17 Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming Use of Renewal Energy for Climate Smart Farming 16

18 Thank You 33 17