12/16/2010. Martha Zarain-Herzberg. Total aquaculture Total capture. Source FAO 2008

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1 Martha Zarain-Herzberg Total aquaculture Total capture Source FAO

2 ~ 220, 000 hectares of coastal lagoons TON 150, , , , , ,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30, ,000 10, % Year Aquaculture Total Part. (%) 2

3 Possible negative impacts: Destruction of mangroves Water pollution Dispersion of diseases v.gr. TSV IHNNV 3

4 Nursery stage 25.2 N, W Culture site (Bahía de Santa María) was protected with good sea water exchange. PL 13 (± 5 mg) 700 PL/m 2 Grow out stage Small juvenile 0.5 g Stocking densities: 100, 150 y 200 shrimp/m 2 Feeding tray Anchor 4

5 Grow out Average week/growth rate 1.5 g Nursery Average week/growth rate 0.12 g Growth curve of L vannamei during nursery and grow out stages. 10 a a b,c a b,c b,c Final weight (g) Stocking density (shrimp/m²) Without artificial substrates With artificial substrates Final weight of L. vannamei reared in floating cages at different stocking densities. 5

6 Minimum, maximum, mean of water environmental parameters Parameter Minimum Maximum Mean DO (mg/l) Temperature C ph Salinity / NH3-N(mg/L)

7 25.5 N, W 200 m 2 9 m 2 Nursery stage PL 18 (12 mg) 950 PL/m PL/m PL/m 2 7

8 Grow out stage 200, 250, and 300 shrimp/m 2 45 and 180 shrimp/m 2 8

9 Nursery stage Growth of L. vannamei at different stocking densities during the nursery stage. Nursery stage Treatment (postlarvae /m 2 ) Initial weight (g) Final weight (g) Days Survival ( %) FCR SGR Individuals/ cage ± 0.06 a ± 1.9 a 0.15 a 0.12 ± 1.4 x 10 - ³ a 6,558 ± a 1, ± 0.10 a ± 0.5 a 0.25 a 0.12 ± 2.3 x 10 - ³ a 8,717 ± 64.0 b 1, ± 0.07 b ± 0.22 a 0.10 ± 3.4 9,504 ± 2.0 a x 10 - ³ b b Mean values of zootechnical parameters of L. vannamei for the nursery stage. 9

10 Grow out stage Growth of L. vannamei at different stocking densities during grow out stage using cages of 9 m 2 (B) and 200 m 2 (C). Treatment juvenile/m 2 Initial weight (g) Final weight (g) Cage size 9-m ± 0.11 a ± 0.20 a ± 0.20 a Cage size 200-m ± 1.09 a ± 0.92 b Days Survival (%) ± 1.4a ± 0.7 a ± 2.2 a ± 1.1 a ± 1.0 a Grow out stage FCR 0.93 a 0.84 a 0.87 a GR (g/day) Mean values of zootechnical parameters of L. vannamei for the grow out stage. Biomass (kg/m 2 ) ± 1.7 x 1.9 ± ³ a a ± 0.9 x 2.4 ± ³ a b ± 3.4 x 2.6 ± ³ b b 1.1 a ± 0.01 a 1.0 a ± 0.01 b 0.6 ± 0.03 a 1.9 ± 0.09 b 10

11 Grow out stage Parameter Minimum Maximum Mean DOs (mg/l) ± 0.34 DOl (mg/l) ± 0.26 Temperature ± ( C) 3.33 ph ± 0.08 Salinity ( 0 / 00 ) ± Minimum, maximum, and mean of water environmental parameters Shrimp were free of pathogens. 11

12 Nursery stage The growth of L. vannamei was sensitive to cultivation density. High growth rates were recorded. There was no evidence of survival being negatively affected by density. Grow-out stage The biomass yields in 9-m 2 cages was greater at the highest density. No significant differences were detected in final weight and survival. The 200-m 2 cages are the largest used up to the present. High growth rates were recorded. Similar to the biomass yields produced with the 9-m 2 cages, are obtained in the 200-m 2 cages. 12

13 24.5 N, W Bahía Altata Ensenada del Pabellón PL 35 (71 mg) 1500 PL/m Nursery stage Growth of L. vannamei at different stocking densities during the nursery using cages of 9 m 2 Weigh ht (g) Time (days) 12,184±223.0 Treatment Initial Final Days Survival FCR SGR Individuals/ (postlarvae weight weight ( %) cage /m 2 ) (g) (g) ± ± ± 4.1 x 10-2 Mean values of zootechnical parameters of L. vannamei for the nursery stage. 13

14 Treatment juvenile/m 2 Initial weight (g) Final weight (g) Survival (%) Grow out stage Day s FCR GR (g/day) Biomas s (kg/m 2 ) Phase ± ± a 0.13 ± ± a x 10 - ³ a 0.08 a ± 8.9 ± a 0.12 ± ± a x 10 - ³ a 0.02 b Phase ± ± 88.9 ± a 0.15 ± 3.2 ± 0.10 a 3.4 a 0.01 a 0.12 a ± ± 0.06 b 80.0 ± 7.69 a a 0.13 ± 0.05 a 3.5 ± 0.33 a Mean values of zootechnical parameters of L vannamei for the grow out stage. Growth of L. vannamei at different stocking densities during grow out stage. Grow out stage The time when the partial harvest is indicated. Yields: 4.4 and 5.0 kg/m 2 14

15 Parameter Minimum Maximum Mean DOs (mg/l) ± 0.85 Temperature ± 3.10 ( C) ph ± 0.17 Salinity ( 0 / 00 ) ± 0.54 Minimum, maximum, and mean of water environmental parameters. The use of PL (35) reduce the time required to reach target weight of 0.5 g at nursery stage. The partial harvesting caused a increase in growth rate to support high shrimp biomass. The yield obtained is 5 000% greater than those produced in semiintensive ponds in Mexico and is comparable to produce in raceways. The zootechnical parameters produced in this investigation indicates the feasibility of further intensification of the cultivation of L. vannamei in floating cages. 15

16 Hurricanes and shrimp prices are the principal factors affecting cultivation of shrimp in floating cages in northwestern Mexico 16

17 1) Establishment the cultivation of shrimp in floating cages in Mexico as an alternative of production. 2) Capture the interest and develop a coastal fishermen s employment opportunities and 3) Integration of crop species. Thank you