CRP to Ethanol. Mario Biondini Scott Pryor Won Koo Kris Ringwall

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1 CRP o Ehanol Mario Biondini Sco Pryor Won Koo Kris Ringwall

2 Brief Background Naionally 14 million ha in CRP 53% in Grea Plains and cenral corn bel wih 1.4 million ha in ND. Average biomass yield of 4.8 Mg.ha -1.yr -1 (range ). Wih curren echnology can poenially generae 1,550 L.yr -1 of ehanol per ha.

3 CRP grasslands consis of perennial plans ha are adaped o he climae, require limied mainenance. Generae minimal producion and ransporaion-relaed greenhouse gas fluxes (Roberson e al. 2000, Tilman e al. 2006, Biondini 2007).

4 Robers e al. (2000)

5 Tilman e al. (2006)

6 Tilman e al. (2006)

7 Issues Preserve and even enhance he original objecives of he CRP program: he resoraion and permanence of prairie ecosysems, he proecion of heir long erm producivi and he enhancemen of wildlife habias

8 Conversion echnology will have o be robus o handle a variable feedsock supply wih minimal variaion in processing parameers or ehanol yield. There needs o be a careful assessmen of he long-erm economic feasibiliy of producing cellulosic ehanol from CRP biomass, in paricular ransporaion issues.

9 Objecive 1 Develop new resoraion echniques and managemen sraegies o opimize biomass producion for ehanol while mainaining he CRP program objecives.

10 Curren Saus of Objecive 1 Wih funding from NSF and USDA we have conduced exensive research in morpholog physiolog and growh paers of 60 species common o he grea plains Grasslands. (Johnson and Biondini 2000, Levang-Brilz and Biondini 2001)

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18 Consruced a 3D plan-soil ineracion model (3DMIPS). I can only run in he parallel cluser supercompuer a NDSU. Biondini (2001,2003)

19 Soil Temperaure: ( λ T ) x, Ch x, x, Transpiraion: PTR 1+ xp Waer Evaporaion: ' ( Dvaporx, * c vaporx, hrx, ) + ( Dvapor * hr *s T ) x, x, x, x, Waer Infilraion and Redisribuion: ( k ψ ) x, x, - k x, * graviy z ψ Waer Upake: Rr x, i, ψ x,i, L + rs RL * TR x, i, Soil Nurien Diffusion and Mass Flow: ρ ( DCl Cl ) x, x, + f T Cl_buffer x,, * BDx, w Cl z x, Nurien Upake: RSA x,i, * Iupake K Cl + Cl Cl x, * (Cl - Cl x,i, Min - Cl Min ) * Consrains (T x, ; ψ x,i, )

20 Plan Growh: ƒ(rgr max ; Leaves N & P concenraion; Soil Waer; Air Temperaure; Hs of Ligh; Senescence) Shoo Deah: ƒ(deah Rae, Senescence; Trampling;LAI; Air Temperaure; Soil Waer, Grazing) Nigh Shoo Respiraion: ƒ(respiraion Rae; Hs Ligh; Plan Growh) R:S Raio: ƒ(soil Nuriens) Biomass Transfer o Lier: ƒ(wind; Rain; Trampling) SDB Biomass Translocaion: ƒ(agb; BGB, R:S; Senescence Translocaion Raio; Soil Temperaure) Lier Decomposiion: ƒ(decomposiion Rae; N; Lignin; Soil Waer & Temperaure) Lier Nurien Translocaion: ƒ(agb-n; BGB-N; Senescence; Min and Max R:S Nurien Raio; Roo Age) Lier Release of Nuriens: ƒ(lier Decomposiion; Nurien Conen) OM Respiraion: ƒ(sand Fracion; Soil Temperaure & Waer) OM Nurien Release: ƒ(om Respiraion; Lier & Roo Nurien Release) OM & OM-N Mineral Nuriens Roo Release of Nuriens: ƒ(roo Decomposiion; Nurien Conens) BGDB Roo Decomposiion: ƒ(decomposiion Rae; N; Lignin, Soil Temperaure; Soil Waer) Roo Age Srucure: ƒ(time; Biomass Translocaion; Roo Moraliy & Respiraion) Roo Respiraion: ƒ(respiraion Rae; Soil Temperaure) Roo Deah: ƒ( Deah Rae; Roo Age; Soil Waer)

21 Implemened wo large scale field experimens in grassland resoraion o es various hypoheses regarding diversi producion, and sabiliy. The experimens involved 50 seedmixures (1 o 20 species) and various N and P ferilizaion levels. 400 and 300 plos each. Biondini (2007).

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25 New Treamens Superimpose a spli plo design wih 3 reamens. No Harves: one hird of each plo will coninue he curren reamen. Yearly Harves: One hird of each plo will be enirely harvesed every year. Roaion Harves: One hird of each plo will be enirely harvesed every oher year.

26 Objecive 2 Consruc a user-oriened model for he planning and ecological assessmens of CRP-ehanol projecs across a variey of climaic and soils condiions. Take 3DMIPS and make i a 1D model ha can run in a deskop.

27 Objecive 3 (Sco Pryor) Deermine which combinaion(s) of plan species will produce opimal fermenable sugar yields. The ask will involve individual species and mixed feedsock biomass characerizaion, and evaluaion of biomass prereamen condiions for mixed species feedsocks.

28 Objecive 3 (Won Koo) Deermine he opimal feedsock ransporaion, handling, and sorage mehods o deliver a seady supply of biomass from subdivided CRP regions o a cenrally locaed cellulosic ehanol processing plan.