Renewable Energies and Desert Desalination in North Africa Claus Mertes DME GmbH. DME - Seminar. Key Solutions for Key Markets

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1 ME S Lecture 7 Renewable Energies and esert esalination in North Africa ME - Seminar ecember 3 rd, 213 Jeddah Saudi Arabia eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 1

2 Significance ME Seminar Recommended irection of Energy Conversion (2nd Rule of hermodynamics) high low ME S-5-21 Lecture 5 Combined Production of Power and Water 7-3 A Question of Efficiency Etha thermal. App. 8% Etha mech ca. 45% Etha elect.ca 1% Etha total 36% Etha elec. App 12% Etha mech app. 8% Etha otal app. 1% Etha otal app. 38% 7-4 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 2

3 ME-MVC (R) - ER NF / UF (R) - ER NF / UF MSF-R MSF-S ME-VC M NF / UF ME M Evaporation Electric. Energy Mechan. Energy Electric. Energy Electric. Energy hermal Energy Electric. Energy hermal Energy hermal Energy hermal Energy ME Seminar Sun to Water Processes Sun Wind Photon Radiation Solar Heat high temp. medium temp. Wind turbine Photovoltaic Solar hermal Power Plant omestic hermal Systems ower Plant Above 1. C Heat Pipe Plant < 45 C Vacuum Collector < 22 C Flat plate Collector < 22 C Membranes & istillation Membranes istillation / Membranes istillation / Membranes Water 7-5 Primary energy demand = Exergy of non-produced power Multi Stage Flash (MSF) Ex, m Ex, m Ex, m MSF ME 1 N Multiple Effect (ME) BPE 1 CF cp N CF1 hv Reverse Osmosis () 1 p H NE h Power plant efficiency V PP ploss b wf CF 1 p 1 1 P CF BPE MIN urbine efficiency PAUX,MSF m hv PP b wf CF CF1 PP MIN ER Carnot efficiency PAUX,ME m PP 1 PAUX, PP PPm ME S-5-21 Lecture 5 Combined Production of Power and Water 7-6 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 3

4 Primary energy demand Reverse Osmosis Power plant efficiency Exergy flow = Lower heating value of fuel Spec. primary energy demand Power plant efficiency Specific electricity demand Spec. primary energy demand P el PP mfu LHV Ex mfu LHV Ex Pel, m PP m PP.4 Pel, kwh 5. el m m³ Ex 5. kwhp kwh 12.5 P m.4 m³ m³ ME S-5-21 Lecture 5 Combined Production of Power and Water 7-7 Key ata used for esal Plant Capacity of the Plant: 3.m³/d at 38. ppm CAPEX: : 875 /m³/d, ER: 1.15 /m³/d, MVC: 1.25 /m³/d, ME: 1.2 /m³/d, MEH: 2. /m³/d OPEX: :,83 /m³/d, ER: 1,46 /m³/d, MVC 1 /m³/d, ME 1 /m³/d, MEH:,5 /m³/d Specific electrical Energy consumption: : 3,2 kwh/m³, ER: 1,42 kwh/m³, MVC 9 kwh/m³, ME,6 kwh/m³, MEH:,3 kwh/m³ Specific thermal Energy consumption (Factor 3:1 to electr): ME 65 kwh/m³, MEH: 7 kwh/m³ 7-8 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 4

5 Key ata used for CSP Plants (no electrical Power produced!) Renewable fuels: Solar Power (NI): kwh/m², Wind: 4,86 CAPEX: PV: 1.2 /kwp, Wind: 1.5 /kw, Solar ower 1.52 /kw, CSP 17, /m² OPEX: PV:1, %/a, Wind,17 /kwh, Solar ower 4%/a, CSP 2, %/a 7-9 Economical and financial Key ata Interest Rate: 7,5 % Lifetime of the total Plant: 2 Years Local price for electricity:,12 CO2 Grid emission factor:,5 t CO2/MWh CO2 gas emission factor:,22 t CO2/MWh 7-1 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 5

6 LWC /m³ Wast Heat-ME CSP-MEH CSP-ME backup CSP-ME-heat storage CSP-ME storage water Wind-MVC Grid optimised Wind-MVC grid Wind-ER Grid optimised Wind-ER grid Wind over Capacaty,36,92,81,9 1,25 1,36 1,58 1,54 1,91 2,3 Wind- Grid optimised Wind- grid PV-MVC Grid optimised PV-MVC grid PV-ER Grid optimised PV-ER grid PV- over Capacaty PV- Storage PV- Grid optimised PV- grid MVC with only Grid ER with only Grid with only Grid (base Case),69,74,87,85,91,88,92,89 1,5,,5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 1,34 1,39 1,51 2, LWC US$6 incl. CO2 and 1% Interest Rate Wast Heat-ME CSP-MEH CSP-ME backup CSP-ME-heat storage CSP-ME storage water Wind-MVC Grid optimised Wind-MVC grid Wind-ER Grid optimised Wind-ER grid Wind over Capacaty,32,55,58 1,9,98 1,9 1,7,91 1,89 2,51 Wind- Grid optimised,49 Wind- grid 1,6 PV-MVC Grid optimised,58 PV-MVC grid 2,89 PV-ER Grid optimised,59 PV-ER grid 1,11 PV- over Capacaty 1,36 PV- Storage,95 PV- Grid optimised,51 PV- grid 1,6 MVC with only Grid 3,4 ER with only Grid 1,22 with only Grid (base Case) 1,7,,5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 3, 3,5 4, 7-12 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 6

7 CSP-ME backup,31 1,72 CSP-ME-heat storage,4 1,33 CSP-ME storage water,34 1,23 Wind-MVC Grid optimised,22,7 Wind-MVC grid,22 1,3 Wind-ER Grid optimised,22,59 Wind-ER grid,22,69 Wind- Grid optimised,22,47 Wind- grid,22,66 PV-MVC Grid optimised,27,79 PV-MVC grid,4,94 PV-ER Grid optimised,27,58 PV-ER grid,51,4 PV- Grid optimised,27,48 PV- grid,27,61 MVC with only Grid,4 1, ER with only Grid,53,4 with only Grid (base Case),5,4,,2,4,6,8 1, 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2, LEC Energy only LWC-Water_only 7-13 Actual water costs he costs of water produced in a seawater desalination plant can be divided as follows: he diagram shows clearly that costs of water produced in plants depend heavily on local conditions, scope and size of plants 7-14 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 7

8 ME Seminar 18 ME 16esalination Symposium Lecture Selected technology Costs Opportunity 4 cost fuel prices 2 Oil = $16/bbl Gas = $.7/mmbtu Gas CCG Oil S Oil G Nuclear Solar hermal Solar PV Onshore Wind O Gas CCG Oil S Oil G Nuclear Solar hermal Solar PV Onshore Wind Offshore Wind Annualised capex Annualised over life capex $/MWh over life $/MWh Fixed opex $/MWh $/MWh Variable opex Variable $/MWh opex $/MWh Full International fuel prices Oil = $6/bbl Gas = $8/mmbtu Gas CCG Oil S Oil G Nuclear Solar hermal Solar PV Onshore Wind Offshore Wind Annualised capex over life $/MWh Fixed opex $/MWh Variable opex $/MWh 7-15 ME esalination Symposium 2 Lecture 7 Opportunity cost 8 fuel prices 6 Oil = $16/bbl 4 Gas = $.7/mmbtu 2 Full International fuel prices Oil = $6/bbl Gas = $8/mmbtu CO2 tax = $2/tCO Selected technology Costs Gas CCG Oil S Oil G Nuclear Solar hermal Solar PV Onshore Wind Offshore Wind Annualised capex over life $/MWh Fixed opex $/MWh Gas CCG Variable opex $/MWh Oil S Oil G CO2 Cost $/MWh Nuclear Solar hermal Solar PV Onshore Wind Annualised capex over life $/MWh Fixed opex $/MWh 2 Variable opex $/MWh CO2 Cost $/MWh Gas CCG Oil S Oil G Nuclear Solar hermal Solar PV Onshore Wind Offshore Wind Annualised capex over life $/MWh Fixed opex $/MWh Variable opex $/MWh CO2 Cost $/MWh 7-16 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 8

9 hank you for your attention el: Fax: Mob: German esalination Society Claus.Mertes@ME-gmbh.de Bismarckstraße uisburg Germany Claus R. Mertes 7-17 eutsche MeerwasserEntsalzung (ME) GmbH 9