Ozone pollution management:! regulatory compliance, public information and atmospheric impact due to new industrial activities

Transcription

1 Ozone pollution management:! regulatory compliance, public information and atmospheric impact due to new industrial activities Núria Castell Balaguer, Enrique Mantilla and Millán M. Millán Fundación CEAM

2 European Directive Up-to-date information on concentrations should be readily available to the public. To adapt procedures for data provision, assessment and reporting. Electronic means and the Internet can be used to make information available. Maintaining air quality where it is good and improving it in other cases.

3 Strategy Ozone monitoring and information to the public: The case of the Valencia region: Previozono programme. Photochemical modeling for impact assessment: The case of the Huelva region: new power plant in a heavily industrialized area.

4 Regulatory compliance and public information

5 Monitoring network Valencia Government. 50 air quality stations (fixed measurements of ozone). Suited for ozone management. Measurements along river channels and downwind cities.

6 Regulatory compliance

7 Regulatory compliance. Actions Information threshold: Dissemination of information to the public. Alert threshold: It is not exceeded in the Valencia region. Human health protection threshold: It is exceeded systematically during spring and summer months. Air quality plans: measurements and model assessment.

8 Internet information Previozono programme. Observation: March to October. Daily report: Analysis. Prediction. Recommendations. Complementary information.

9 Previozono procedure

10 Previozono Web: index

11 Previozono Web: daily report and complementary information

12 Previozono Web: ozone monitoring network

13 Air quality plans: model assessment

14 Model assessment Emission Inventory Current & Control Air quality model Reduction in ozone levels

15 Model assessment Emission Inventory Current & Control Air quality model Reduction in ozone levels

16 Model assessment Emission Inventory Current & Control Air quality model Reduction in ozone levels

17 Impact assessment due to new industrial activities

18 Air quality management Evaluation of the impact that an industry is likely to have on the surrounding ozone levels. Special emphasis on treating possible errors in the model results due to uncertainties in estimating the anthropogenic and biogenic emissions. The relation between ozone and its precursors is non-linear, which implies that the impact can differ significantly depending on the VOC/NOx ratio estimated. Formal examination and communication of model uncertainty can enhance future air quality planning. Methodology must be easy to apply by air quality managers.

19 Dealing with uncertainties Working only with the differences in ozone concentrations. With and without industrial activity. Evaluate the uncertainty of the results from a matrix of possible emission scenarios. Variations in the emission with regard to the base case (the one calculated with the best available information). Expected variations in ozone levels within a certain confidence interval. Probable range of increase over the normative values.

20 Case study: power plant in SW Spain (Huelva) Natural gas combined-cycle power plant. 65 m tall stack. Emissions (mol/h): NOx : 5869 VOC (R): 207 VOC (NR): 345 Located in Nuevo Puerto industrial park.

21 Materials and data MM5 - CAMx modeling. Study domain: 2 km. Emission modeling. Vegetation, Traffic & Industry. Matrix of emission scenarios. f : factor of uncertainty. f = 2 (100 % uncertainty). Selection of episodes.

22 Management of the results Spatial maps. Distribution of the increases in maximum values according to the distance to the source. Temporal distribution of the maximum increase. Probable range of increase over maximums.

23 Management of the results Spatial maps. Distribution of the increases in maximum values according to the distance to the source. Temporal distribution of the maximum increase. Probable range of increase over maximums.

24 Management of the results Spatial maps. Distribution of the increases in maximum values according to the distance to the source. Temporal distribution of the maximum increase. Probable range of increase over maximums.

25 Management of the results Spatial maps. Distribution of the increases in maximum values according to the distance to the source August June 2004 (μg/m 3 ) MAX PROB MIN MAX PROB MIN Temporal distribution of the maximum increase. Probable range of increase over maximums. Max P P

26 Current projects

27 Current projects PROMECA (supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, CGL /CLI). To provide a more comprehensive understanding of both ozone formation and ozone sensitivity to changes in NOx and VOC emissions. To generate experimental documentation based in measurements of NOy. To calculate chemical indicators based in observations and modeling results. Valencia urban air quality. Use of diffusive samplers to measure O3 and NO2 in the city of Valencia and its surroundings.