Oxy-Fuel Combustion Using OTM For CO 2 Capture from Coal Power Plants

Transcription

1 2nd Workshop International Oxy-Combustion Research Network Hilton Garden Inn Windsor, CT, USA 25th and 26th January 2007 Hosted by: Alstom Power Inc. PRESENTATION - 11 Oxy-Fuel Combustion Using OTM For C Capture from Coal Power Plants by: Minish Shah Praxair, USA

2 IEAGHG International OxyCombustion Network 2 nd Workshop Oxy-Fuel Combustion Using OTM For C Capture from Coal Power Plants Minish M. Shah and Maxwell Christie January 25-26, 2007 Windsor, CT, USA Copyright 2007 Praxair Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. Conventional Oxy-Fuel Process ~ Inerts SCR ESP FGD Flue gas C Purification & Compression C Coal Boiler Ash Sulfur N 2 Cryo ASU Oxygen supplied from cryogenic ASU Flue gas recirculation for temperature control 3% in wet flue gas Suitable for retrofit and C capture ready designs 2 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 1

3 Need for New Oxy-Fuel Technology Conventional oxy-fuel process (cryogenic ASU) will have a large energy penalty for capturing C 15 20% of power output is consumed by cryogenic ASU ~10% for compressing and purifying C Cryogenic ASU technology is mature Improvements likely to be incremental Need for a technology that makes a step-change improvement in efficiency 3 Oxygen Transport Membrane (OTM) Electrochemical Filter and Pump 1000 o C, 1832 F C, H 2 O e - ' PO Flux ln '' PO e ~ 500 psig CH 4, CO, H psig Oxy-Fuel Combustion Without Producing Oxygen 4 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 2

4 Advanced Boiler Concept Fuel Patents US US 6,394,043 US US 6,562,104 OTM Tube Steam Tube C + H 2 O Array of OTM tubes interspersed with steam tubes Alternating heat source and sink will maintain temperature profile Flue gas recirculation not needed C concentration could be 85 to 95% (dry basis) depending on the air leak and excess content -Depleted 5 Process Scheme Patent Patent Application Filed Filed -Depleted Heater OTM Boiler N 2 Cryo ASU Coal Steam Filter Syngas Gasifier OTM POx Syngas Expander ~ Steam Turbines Slag Impurities FGD Dryer Purif. Water CaSO 4 Water C C Compressors 6 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 3

5 Technology Features Potential to achieve up to 100% C capture OTM oxygen separation power reduced by > 70% compared to a cryogenic process Power generation efficiency up by > 4% points compared to a conventional oxy-fuel process Low NOx emissions without using SCR 7 Comparison Fired PC Boiler Oxy-PC w/ C Capture OTM Process w/ C Capture Net Output, MW Efficiency % HHV 39.1% 29.9% 34.5% C Emissions, t/mwh Purity of Captured C, % - 96% 96% % C Captured - 90% 98.4% % C Avoided - 86% 98.2% 8 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 4

6 Technology Capabilities Facilities Powder production in Woodinville, WA OTM tube fabrication in Indianapolis, IN Lab and pilot plant facilities in Tonawanda, NY 10+ yrs experience in ceramic membrane technology Fundamental understanding of OTM materials science CIP tube manufacturing technology for >5-ft long composite tubes Bench/pilot scale test infrastructure Process integration and economic assessment Strong patent portfolio Materials Reactors Processes 9 Technology Status Oxy-Combustion Robust materials 20,000 hrs cumulative testing of single tubes, no failures (Ambient pressure) Multiple thermal & chemical cycles Demonstrated in multi-tube reactor Dry flue gas 90-95% C, ~1%, balance N 2 from air-leak and NG, (25ppm CO) 10 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 5

7 Technology Status Oxy-Combustion Oxygen Transport Rates Significant progress over last two years Further 2x 5x improvement needed Installed OTM cost and process integration will dictate the target Relative Oxygen Flux Current Target Path Year 11 Challenges Achieving high oxygen flux through OTM whilst maintaining reliability Technical feasibility of combusting coal-derived syngas using OTM Interaction with coal impurities Tolerance to sulfur compounds Understand extent of cleanup required before exposing OTM to syngas Proposal to work with University of Utah Center for Clean Coal Technology Longer term Manufacturing infrastructure for OTM Design and engineering of a large scale OTM boiler Gasifier and boiler costs 12 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 6

8 Technology Roadmap Phase 1 Phase 2 OTM Performance Improvement Process and Systems Analysis Laboratory Scale Testing OTM Manufacturing Development Pilot Plant Design Summary Robust membranes developed Demonstrated combustion of NG in a multi-tube reactor Developed process concept for integration with coalbased power plant Efficiency of power plant with C capture will improve by > 4% points compared to a conventional oxy-fuel process Focus of the next phase will be on flux improvement and optimizing process scheme 14 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 7

9 Acknowledgements Parts of this presentation were written with support of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FC26-01NT The Government reserves for itself and others acting on its behalf a royalty-free, nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide license for Governmental purposes to publish, distribute, translate, duplicate, exhibit and perform this copyrighted presentation. 15 2nd Int'l Oxy-Combustion Workshop Page 8