Pesticide Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems. Gedeion Addisu RMSST

Transcription

1 Pesticide Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems Gedeion Addisu RMSST

2 Introduction Pesticides have been known to be harmful to the environment when users have been irresponsible in their application Declining amphibian populations

3 Rationale To demonstrate the need for better farm management practices necessary to prevent runoff

4 Purpose To determine how three common pesticides affected three species of aquatic organisms

5 Background Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Lumbriculus Worms Freshwater Brine Shrimp Freshwater/ Saltwater Mix Sea Anemones Saltwater

6 Background University of Illinois Saw how herbicides applied to corn would affect white oak seedlings

7 Background They concluded that the stage of growth of the seedling, the type and concentration of the herbicide were all factors that help determine injury to the seedlings.

8 Hypotheses Research Hypothesis: If the pesticides are tested on aquatic organisms of different ecological niches then there will be a significant effect on the survival of the organisms when compared to the control groups which were not tested. Sub Hypothesis: Diazinon will have the most significant effect on the organisms than the other pesticides.

9 Experimental Design Diagram Pesticides Control Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Organisms None Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium High Lumbriculus Worms (Heart Rate) Brine Shrimp (Viability) 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each 3 Trials each Sea Anemones (Viability) DV: Viability of Aquatic Organisms and Heart Rate of Lumbriculus Worms Constants: For each species, nutritional requirements, temperature, light, and aquatic habitat will be maintained.

10 Materials Beakers Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Brine Shrimp Lumbriculus Worms Sea Anemones Instant Ocean Salt Water Spring Water

11 Equipment Microscope Measures heart rate of lumbriculus worms Hazardous Waste Bin Safely dispose of pesticides Aquarium Pumps Aerate Water Air Stones Distributes oxygen to aquatic animals

12 Procedures 1. Acquire organisms and place in appropriate containers 2. Allow organisms time to acclimate to new environment 3. Divide organisms evenly into 4 subgroups 4. Prepare low (.1 ppm), medium (1 ppm), and high (10 ppm) concentrations of each pesticide 5. Administer prepared solutions to appropriate groups of each organism 6. Count number of viable organisms and measure the heart rate of the lumbriculus worms 7. Record data 8. Safely dispose of all pesticides and organisms

13 Average Heart Rate and Viability for Aquatic Organisms Pesticides Control Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Organisms None Low Medium 0.1 ppm 1 ppm High 10ppm Low Medium 0.1 ppm 1 ppm High 10 ppm Low Medium 0.1 ppm 1 ppm High 10 ppm Lumbriculus Worms Heart Rate (Pulse/Min.) Lumbriculus Worms Viability Brine Shrimp Viability

14 Average Heart Rate (pulse/min.) 35 The Effect of Different Pesticides on the Heart Rate (pulse/min) of Lumbriculus Worms None Low Medium High 5 0 Control Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Pesticides

15 Average Viability 1.2 The Effect of Different Pesticides on the Viability of Lumbriculus Worms None Low Medium High Control Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Pesticides

16 Average Viability 12 The Effect of Different Pesticides on the Viability of Brine Shrimp None Low Medium High 2 0 Control Atrazine Diazinon Chlorpyrifos Pesticides

17 Conclusion An ANOVA statistical test at a p-value of.01 was used ANOVA values Viability of Brine Shrimp (4.90, 9, 0.002) Research Hypothesis Accepted» Sub-Hypothesis Accepted Viability of Lumbriculus Worms (1.28, 9, 0.308) Research Hypothesis Rejected» Sub-Hypothesis Rejected Heart Rate of Lumbriculus Worms (0.83, 9, 0.599) Research Hypothesis Rejected» Sub Hypothesis Rejected Viability of Sea Anemones Died before testing was conducted

18 Conclusion Brine shrimp significantly affected by pesticides Freshwater/Saltwater organisms Estuaries Experiment was done at low ppm levels to simulate real life pesticide runoff

19 Wrap-Up Sources of Error Each trial did not have the same amount of instant ocean Counting heart rate What do results indicate? More research on how pesticides affect aquatic organisms Improvements More trials More concentrations More pesticides More time to conduct the experiment

20 Future Research Testing on waterways for levels of pesticides Testing for # of aquatic organisms that live in the waterways Do pesticides affect the aquatic organisms?

21 Acknowledgements Mrs. Mansell Mr. Bolen RMSST

22 Literature Cited American Society for Horticultural Science. (2009, March 30). Leaf Tatters Linked to Herbicides: Study Explores Effects of Herbicide Drift on White Oak. Science Daily. Retrieved from htm

23 Pesticide Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems Gedeion Addisu RMSST