CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 22 December 2006 CONTENTS

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1 CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-SSC-PDD) Version 03 - in effect as of: 22 December 2006 CONTENTS A. General description of te small scale project activity B. Application of a baseline and monitoring metodology C. Duration of te project activity / crediting period D. Environmental impacts E. Stakeolders comments Annexes Annex 1: Contact information on participants in te proposed small scale project activity Annex 2: Information regarding public funding Annex 3: Baseline information Annex 4: Monitoring Information 1

2 Revision istory of tis document Version Date Description and reason of revision Number January 2003 Initial adoption 02 8 July 2005 Te Board agreed to revise te CDM SSC PDD to reflect guidance and clarifications provided by te Board since version 01 of tis document. As a consequence, te guidelines for completing CDM SSC PDD ave been revised accordingly to version 2. Te latest version can be found at <ttp://cdm.unfccc.int/reference/documents> December Te Board agreed to revise te CDM project design 2006 document for small-scale activities (CDM-SSC-PDD), taking into account CDM-PDD and CDM-NM. 2

3 SECTION A. General description of small-scale project activity A.1 Title of te small-scale project activity: Metane recovery and power generation at te Kupferberg Landfill in Namibia Version: 01 Date: 02/04/2012 A.2. Description of te small-scale project activity: Te Kupferberg Landfill is located in Windoek, Namibia, and serves as te only waste disposal site for te city. Te site as been in operation since 1984 and is expected to continue to accept waste until 2023, airspace permitting. Te landfill receives domestic waste (predominantly), industrial and commercial waste, and garden waste. Te landfill also contains an enclosed cell wic receives azardous waste. As a result, significant quantities of metane-ric landfill gas are generated at te site. Te purpose of te project activity is to reduce te GHG emissions emitted at te landfill troug metane capture, combustion, and utilisation. Te project will be implemented in pased approac: Pase 1: Te installation and commissioning of a gas extraction and flaring system. Pase 2: Te possible installation of a gas-to-electricity generation system on-site, once te total extraction potential as been quantified in Pase 1. Te project activity makes a positive contribution to sustainable development. Tis contribution is discussed below in terms of tree categories: economic; environmental; and social. Economic Te project will contribute to foreign reserve earnings for Namibia via te carbon credit sales revenue. Since te tecnology to generate electricity from landfill gas is new to Namibia, it s te aim of tis project to promote tis type of tecnology in te region Te generation of renewable electricity from landfill gas will also reduce te pressure on Namibia s energy infrastructure. Environmental Te project will involve te destruction of metane troug flaring. Tis will result in a reduction of greenouse gas emissions as metane as a global warming potential of 21 times tat of carbon dioxide. As a second pase, te landfill gas may be combusted in gas engines to generate renewable electricity. Te renewable electricity will be fed to te Namibian national grid, tereby reducing te city s coal-based electricity demand. Te Soutern African regional grid is predominantly coal-fired, and terefore emissions intensive. Te production of electricity from renewable resources will result in a reduction of greenouse gas emissions associated wit coal-based power generation. It will also reduce some of te negative impacts of coal mining. Tese impacts include: te utilisation of scarce water resources; SO 2 emissions; and te impacts associated wit te disposal of coal as. Te project also supports Namibia s development goals, as outlined in te National Development Plan 3 under Environmental Sustainability, wic promotes cleaner production and sustainable practices. Te project will furter contribute to te efforts of government in reducing greenouse gas emissions and ensuring sustainable power generation and supply. 3

4 Social Te proposed project activity will create local jobs in bot te construction and operational pases of te project. As far as possible, te materials needed for tis project will be purcased in Namibia and some portions of te project (civil and mecanical works) will be andled by local contractors. Te project activity will result in ealt benefits for te Kupferberg site workers. Respiratory problems will be reduced, and te landfill gas emitted will be lessened due to te capture, utilisation and destruction of te gas. Te project will also improve te safety at te landfill troug te reduction of explosion azards from gas accumulation on or near te landfill. A.3. Project participants: Name of Party involved (*) ((ost) indicates a ost Party) Private and/or public entity(ies) project participants (*) (as applicable) Kindly indicate if te Party involved wises to be considered as project participant (Yes/No) Namibia (ost) City of Windoek No A.4. Tecnical description of te small-scale project activity: A.4.1. Location of te small-scale project activity: Namibia A Host Party(ies): A Komas Region Region/State/Province etc.: Windoek A City/Town/Community etc: A Details of pysical location, including information allowing te unique identification of tis small-scale project activity: Te project activity is located at te Kupferberg landfill site in Namibia. Te Kupferberg landfill is 11km soutwest of te Windoek, just off te C26 road between Windoek and Walvisbaai. Te GPS coordinates are S, E. 4

5 Project location: Komas region Figure 1: Windoek 1 Project location: Kupferberg Figure 2: Komas Region 2 1 Retrieved from ttp:// 2 Retrieved from ttp://maps.google.co.za/maps 5

6 A.4.2. Type and category(ies) and tecnology/measure of te small-scale project activity: Two baseline and monitoring metodologies are applicable to tis project activity: AMS-III.G. Landfill metane recovery (Version 07) AMS-I.D. Grid connected renewable electricity generation (Version 17) Tis project aims to reduce greenouse gas emissions at te Kupferberg Landfill troug metane capture, destruction and utilisation. Te Kupferberg Landfill Te Kupferberg Landfill serves as te only landfill for te City of Windoek a city wit a population of approximately 296,000 (as of 2008). Te landfill is estimated to ave been in operation from 1984 and, wit te development of new cells, it is estimated tat te landfill will continue to receive waste until Te landfill receives approximately 230 tons of waste per day, comprising predominantly of domestic waste, but also of industrial/commercial and garden waste. As a result of te land-filling of biodegradable wastes, significant quantities of landfill gas are generated. Landfill gas Based on computer software modelling, it is estimated tat te landfill as te potential to generate gas at a rate in excess of 500m 3 per our for a long term period of 20 years. In 2009, a pumping trial was also conducted wic confirmed tese quantities. Based on tis information, it was possible to identify te future gas well 3 positioning. Tis is sown in te figure below. Figure 3: Possible gas well positioning 3 Gas wells are used for te collection of metane-ric landfill gas. 6

7 Flaring A single enclosed flare will be installed to combust te landfill gas. An enclosed flare was cosen for tis project activity as tis type of flare controls te eat to te environment and olds te gases at te design temperature (of at least 1,000 C) for a specified period of time. An enclosed flare also will enable te project participant to claim CERs using te default value for te flare efficiency if tey so coose. Te tecnology being applied in tis project activity is environmentally safe and sound as te project developer as extensive experience in te construction and operation of landfill gas extraction systems. Electricity generation Te project as made an allowance for te potential installation of and onsite gas-to-electricity generation system, once te total extraction potential as been proven wen te flare is operational. Electricity will be generated using an internal combustion engine. Te capacity of te engine will be specified once te quantity and quality of te landfill gas as been ascertained. A.4.3 Estimated amount of emission reductions over te cosen crediting period: Years Annual estimation of emission reductions in tonnes of CO 2 e* , , , , , , , , , ,000 Total estimated reductions 222,080 (tonnes of CO 2 e) Total number of crediting years 10 Annual average over te crediting period of 22,208 estimated reductions (tonnes of CO 2 e) *Tese emission reductions are calculated for Pase 1 of te project alone te flaring of landfill gas. A.4.4. Public funding of te small-scale project activity: Te City of Windoek is a public institution and terefore a portion of te project will be publically funded. However, no Official Development Assistance (ODA) will be used in te development or in te implementation of tis project. 7

8 A.4.5. Confirmation tat te small-scale project activity is not a debundled component of a large scale project activity: According to te Guidelines on assessment of debundling for SSC project activities (Version 03) EB 54 Annex 13, a proposed small scale project activity sall be deemed to be a debundled component of a large project activity if tere is a registered small-scale CDM project activity or an application to register anoter small-scale CDM project activity: (a) (b) (c) (d) Wit te same project participants; In te same project category and tecnology/measure; Registered witin te previous two years; Wose boundary is witin 1 km of te project boundary of te proposed small-scale activity at te closest point. Te size of tis project falls well under te limits of a small-scale project activity. Te City of Windoek as not registered a similar project witin a 1 km radius of te project boundary in te same project category, tecnology, or measure witin te previous two years. Terefore, as per Appendix C of te Simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale CDM project activities 4, tis project activity is not a debundled component of a large-scale project activity. SECTION B. Application of a baseline and monitoring metodology B.1. Title and reference of te approved baseline and monitoring metodology applied to te small-scale project activity: Te approved baseline and monitoring metodologies are: AMS-III.G. Landfill metane recovery (Version 07) AMS-I.D. Grid connected renewable electricity generation (Version 17) Te following metodological tools are used: Tool to calculate te emission factor for an electricity system (Version ) Emissions from solid waste disposal sites (Version ) Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing metane (Version 01) Tool to calculate project or leakage CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion (Version 02) B.2 Justification of te coice of te project category: Te project activity complies wit te applicability criteria as set out in and AMS-III.G. and AMS-I.D. Tis is sown below. 4 ttp://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2005/cmp1/eng/08a01.pdf#page=43 8

9 Justification of te small-scale project activity as per AMS-III.G.: Item AMS-III.G. Project activity 1. Tis metodology comprises measures to capture and combust metane from landfills (i.e. solid waste disposal sites) used for disposal of residues from uman activities including municipal, industrial, and oter solid wastes containing biodegradable organic matter. Applicable Te project activity involves te capture and combustion of metane-ric landfill gas at Namibia s largest landfill site. Te landfill comprises of domestic waste (predominantly), industrial and commercial 2. Different options to utilise te recovered landfill gas as detailed in paragrap 3 of AMS-III.H Metane recovery in wastewater treatment (version 16) are eligible for use under tis metodology. Te relevant procedures in AMS-III.H sall be followed in tis regard. 3. Measures are limited to tose tat result in aggregate emission reductions of less tan or equal to 60 ktco 2 equivalent annually from all Type III components of te project activity. waste, and garden waste. Applicable Te project activity complies wit criterion (a) of paragrap 3 of AMS-III.H (version 16). Te project involves te generation of renewable electricity from landfill gas. Applicable Te project activity results in emission reductions of an average of ktco 2 / year. Te project meets te relevant applicability criteria in AMS III.G., as demonstrated in te table above. Furtermore, te estimated emission reductions of te project activity will not exceed 60 ktco 2 e in any year of te crediting period, as per small-scale CDM requirements. Justification of te small-scale project activity as per AMS-I.D.: Item AMS-I.D. Project activity 1. Tis metodology comprises renewable energy generation units, suc as potovoltaic, ydro, tidal/wave, wind, geotermal and renewable biomass: a) Supplying electricity to a national or a regional grid; or b) Supplying electricity to an identified consumer facility via national/regional grid troug a contractual arrangement suc as weeling. Applicable Te project activity involves te generation of renewable electricity from landfill gas. Option (a) is applicable to tis project te electricity will be supplied to Namibia s national grid tereby reducing te city s 2. Illustration of respective situations under wic eac of te metodology (i.e. AMS-I.D, AMS-I.F and AMS-I.A) applies is included in Table 2. coal-based electricity demand. Applicable AMS-I.D is applicable as te project supplies electricity to te national grid. 9

10 3. Tis metodology is applicable to project activities tat: a) Install a new power plant at a site were tere was no renewable energy power plant operating prior to te implementation of te project activity (Greenfield plant); b) Involve a capacity addition c) Involve a retrofit of (an) existing plant(s); or d) Involve a replacement of (an) existing plant(s). 4. Hydro power plants wit reservoirs tat satisfy at least one of te following conditions are eligible to apply tis metodology: Te project activity is implemented in an existing reservoir wit no cange in te volume of reservoir; Te project activity is implemented in an existing reservoir, were te volume of reservoir is increased and te power density of te project activity, as per definitions given in te project emissions section, is greater tan 4 W/m 2 ; Te project activity results in new reservoirs and te power density of te power plant, as per definitions given in te project emissions section, is greater tan 4 W/m If te new unit as bot renewable and non-renewable components (e.g. a wind/diesel unit), te eligibility limit of 15 MW for a small-scale CDM project activity applies only to te renewable component. If te new unit co-fires fossil fuel, te capacity of te entire unit sall not exceed te limit of 15 MW. 6. Combined eat and power (co-generation) systems are not eligible under tis category. 7. In te case of project activities tat involve te addition of renewable energy generation units at an existing renewable power generation facility, te added capacity of te units added by te project sould be lower tan 15 MW and sould be pysically distinct from te existing units. 8. In te case of retrofit or replacement, to qualify as a smallscale project, te total output of te retrofitted or replacement unit sall not exceed te limit of 15 MW. Applicable Option (a) is applicable to tis project activity. A new gas engine will be installed at te Kupferberg Landfill. Tere was no renewable energy power plant operating prior to te implementation of te project activity. Not relevant Tis project activity does not involve ydro power. Not relevant Only renewable energy tecnology is employed in te project activity. Not relevant Te project does not involve te installation of a cogeneration system. Not relevant Te project activity is not located at an existing power generation facility. Not relevant Te project does not involve a retrofit or replacement. Te project meets te relevant applicability criteria in AMS-I.D, as demonstrated in te table above. Furtermore, te capacity of te proposed project activity will not exceed 15 MW, as per small-scale CDM requirements. 10

11 B.3. Description of te project boundary: According to AMS-III.G., te project boundary is te pysical, geograpical site were te landfill gas is captured and destroyed/used. According to AMS-I.D., te project boundary includes te project power plants and all power plants pysically connected to te electricity system tat te CDM project power plant is connected to. Terefore, for tis project activity, te project boundary consists of te Kupferberg Landfill were te landfill gas is flared, and te onsite gas engines tat are used to generate electricity. Te project boundary also includes te regional grid as te electricity generated in te project activity is fed into tis grid. Te project boundary is illustrated in red below. Waste collection and transportation Waste production (domestic, commercial, and industrial) Flaring Kupferberg landfill Landfill gas production Landfill gas collection Electricity production Electricity export to te regional grid Figure 4: Project boundary B.4. Description of baseline and its development: Te baseline scenario of tis project activity is based on metodologies AMS-III.G. (version 07) and AMS-I.D. (version 17). 1. Metane recovery component (AMS-III.G. version 07) Metodology AMS-III.G (version 07) is applied for te metane recovery component of tis project. In accordance wit paragrap 5 of AMS-III.G., te baseline scenario is te situation were, in te absence of te project activity, biomass and oter organic matter are left to decay witin te project boundary and metane is emitted to te atmospere. In Namibia, tere are no national or local safety requirements, or legal regulations, tat enforce te reduction/ removal of metane emitted to te atmospere at landfill sites. Currently, all of te metane generated by te Kupferberg Landfill is emitted to te atmospere and, in te absence of te project 11

12 activity; te landfill would continue to emit metane into te atmospere. Based on tis analysis, te baseline scenario is te continuous emission of landfill gas to te atmospere. Te table below presents all data tat is used to determine te baseline emissions for te metane recovery component of te project activity. Parameter φ OX F DOC, MCF Application A Default value Default value Default value Default value Default value Value Applied Units Explanation Project specific value tat is estimated yearly. In accordance wit te applied tool. In accordance wit te applied tool. In accordance wit te applied tool. Te landfill is an anaerobic managed solid waste disposal site. k Default value Domestic waste (rapidly 0.06 degrading) Garden waste (moderately 0.05 degrading Inert waste (not degrading) 0.00 l/yr Landfill is: Boreal and temperate (MAT <20 C) Dry (MAP/PET <1) W, DOC f Estimated once Default value Estimated once Domestic waste 0.95 Garden waste 0.03 Inert waste 0.02 Domestic waste 0.38 Garden waste 0.49 Inert waste Provided by landfill owner. - Since Windoek is boreal and temperate, and dry, te fraction of degradable organic compound is estimated on a dry basis from te IPCC 2006 guidelines. No metane is captured and flared in te baseline. 2. Electricity generation component (AMS-I.D. version 17) Metodology AMS-I.D. (version 17) is applied for te electricity generation component of tis project. In accordance wit paragrap 10 of AMS-I.D., te baseline scenario is tat te electricity delivered to te grid by te project activity would ave oterwise been generated by te operation of grid-connected power plants and by te addition of new generation sources into te grid. Terefore, for tis project activity, te baseline sall be te amount of renewable electricity produced by te project activity (based on te amount of electricity generated by te gas engines) times by te grid 12

13 emission factor of te regional grid. Te emission factor of te regional grid is calculated using version of te Tool to calculate te emission factor for an electricity system. Tese calculations are found in Annex 3. Te detailed calculations of te baseline emissions are provided in section B.6.1. B.5. Description of ow te antropogenic emissions of GHG by sources are reduced below tose tat would ave occurred in te absence of te registered small-scale CDM project activity: Tis project will demonstrate additionality using Attacment A to Appendix B of te Simplified modalities and procedures for small-scale CDM project activities. According to tis attacment, te project participant sall provide an explanation to sow tat te project activity would not ave occurred anyway due to at least one of te following barriers: investment barrier; tecnological barrier; barrier due to prevailing practice; or oter barriers. Tis project will demonstrate additionality based on a lack of prevailing practice more specifically, te project participant sall sow tat tis project is a first-of-its-kind. According to te version 01.0 of te Guidelines on additionality of first-of-its-kind projects, paragrap five: A proposed project activity is te first-of-its-kind in te applicable geograpical area if: a) Te project is te first in te applicable geograpical area tat applies a tecnology tat is different from any oter tecnologies able to deliver te same output and tat ave started commercial operation in te applicable geograpical area before te start date of te project; and b) Project participant selected a crediting period for te project activity tat is a maximum of 10 years wit no option of renewal. Te geograpical area in tis project is Namibia. Namibia as tree landfills: Te Kupferberg Landfill in Windoek wic receives general and azardous waste; Te Swakopmund Landfill in Swakopmund (on te west coast of Nambia) wic receives general waste; Te Walvis Bay Landfill in Walvis Bay (on te west coast of Namibia) wic receives general and azardous waste. Te remaining sites in Namibia are merely dumpsites witout any proper engineering design and underground liner protection. None of te abovementioned landfills ave flaring infrastructure or electricity generation systems. All of te metane-ric landfill gas is released to te atmospere. Te Kupferberg Landfill gas to energy project will be a first-of its kind for Namibia. Furtermore, te crediting period selected for tis project activity is for 10 years witout te option of renewal. Terefore, since tis project activity fulfils bot criteria (a) and (b), te project is additional. 13

14 Notice of prior consideration Te milestones in te project development are provided in te timeline below: Date Activity 30/11/2009 Namibia s Department of Infrastructure, Water and Waste Management submits a Project Idea Note (PIN) to te Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism. 27/01/2010 Te Ministry of Environment and Tourism issues a Letter of No Objection (LoB) for te project activity. 30/11/2010 Envitec Solutions completes a landfill gas assessment troug te execution of a pumping trial at te Kupferberg landfill site. 26/07/2011 Envitec Solutions is provisionally appointed as te lead contractor for te Kupferberg Landfill metane capture, destruction and utilisation project. 14/09/2011 Prometium Carbon conducts a site visit at te Kupferberg Landfill to review a CDM project opportunity. 09/12/2011 Contract signed between Envitec Solutions and te City of Windoek. Tis represents te start date of te project. 25/01/2012 Prometium Carbon completes draft PDD. B.6. Emission reductions: B.6.1. Explanation of metodological coices: Te ex-ante emission reductions are calculated in accordance wit AMS-III.G version 07 and AMS-I.D version 17. AMS-III.G. ex-ante calculation of emission reductions: Baseline emissions Te baseline emissions are calculated in accordance wit equation (1) of te applied metodology: BE = BE,, MD, GWP (AMS-III.G. equation 1) Were: BE,, MD, Metane emission potential of a solid waste disposal site (in tco 2 e), calculated using te Tool to determine metane emissions avoided from disposal of waste at a solid waste disposal site Metane emissions tat would be captured and destroyed to comply wit national or local safety requirement or legal regulations in te year y (tch 4 ) GWP Global warming potential for metane (value of 21) In Namibia, currently tere are no legal or safety requirements tat enforce te flaring on landfill gas. Terefore, MD, = 0. Terefore, 14

15 BE = BE,, Te amount of metane produced in te year y (BE,, ) is calculated using version of te Tool to determine metane emissions avoided from disposal of waste at a solid waste disposal site. Tese calculations are found in Annex 3. Project emissions According to AMS-III.G., project activity emissions consist of: a) CO 2 emissions from use of fossil fuel or electricity used by te project activity facilities (PE, ), calculated using te procedures described in AMS-I.D. b) Emissions from flaring or combustion of te gas stream (PE, ), calculated by following te procedure described in te Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing metane. c) Emissions from te landfill gas upgrading process (PE, ), calculated by following te relevant procedures described in annex 1 of AMS-III.H. Terefore, te project emissions associated wit te project activity are calculated in accordance wit equation (2) of te applied metodology: PE = PE, + PE, + PE, (AMS-III.G. equation 2) Were: PE Project emissions in year y (tco 2 e) PE, Emissions from te use of fossil fuel or electricity for te operation of te installed facilities in te year y (tco 2 e) PE, Emissions from flaring or combustion of te landfill gas stream in te year y (tco 2 e) PE, Emissions from te landfill gas upgrading process in te year y (tco 2 e) Since tere are no emissions from te landfill gas upgrading process, equation (2) simplifies to: PE = PE, + PE, Te CO 2 emissions from use of fossil fuel or electricity used by te project activity facilities (PE, ) are calculated using te procedures described in AMS-I.D version 17. Tis metodology refers te project participant to te Tool to calculate project or leakage CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion version 02. In tis project activity, additional electricity is consumed as a result of te flaring process. Equation (1) of te tool is used to calculate te CO 2 emissions from electricity use: PE = FC, COEF, (Applied tool equation 1) Were: FC, COEF, Quantity of electricity used in te project activity during te year y (MW) CO 2 emission factor for te grid (tco 2 /MW) 15

16 COEF, is calculated using version of te Tool to calculate te emission factor for an electricity system. Tese calculations are contained in Annex 3. Te following coices were made wit regards to te applied tool. In terms of data vintages, te ex ante option was cosen to calculate te simple OM. In tis option a 3 year generation weigted average are used for te grid power plants. Using tis option also means tat te emission factor is determined only once at te validation stage, tus no monitoring and recalculation is required during te crediting period. Te simple operating margin emission factor (EF grid,omsimple,y ) is cosen for te calculation metod, seeing as low-cost/must-run resources constitute less tan 50% of total grid generation in average of te five most resent years. For calculating of te combined margin emission factor: w OM = 0.5 and w BM = 0.5 (as specified by te applied tool it is an oter -type project). Te emissions from te flaring or combustion of te gas stream (PE, ) are calculated by following te procedures described in version 01 of te Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing metane. Te emissions for te flaring portion of te project activity are provided in Annex 3. Leakage Since te metane recovery equipment is not transferred from anoter activity, LE = 0. Emission reductions Te emission reductions acieved by te project activity are estimated ex-ante using equation (3) of te applied metodology: ER, = BE PE LE (AMS-III.G. equation 3) Were: ER, Ex-ante estimated emission reductions in te year y (tco 2 ) BE Baseline emissions in te year y (tco 2 ) PE Project emissions in te year y (tco 2 ) LE Leakage emissions in year y (tco 2 ) Te actual emission reduction acieved by te project during te crediting period will be calculated using te amount of metane recovered and destroyed/gainfully used by te project activity. Tis is calculated using equation (4) of te applied metodology. ER, = MD MD, GWP PE LE (AMS-III.G. equation 4) Were: MD Metane captured and destroyed/gainfully used by te project activity in te year y (tch 4 ) Te metane captured and destroyed/gainfully used by te project activity is calculated using equation (5) of te applied metodology. 16

17 MD = D, w, LFG, (AMS-III.G. equation 5) Were: D, w, LFG, Density of metane at te temperature and pressure of te landfill gas in te year y (tonnes/m 3 ) Metane content in landfill gas in te year y (volume fraction, m 3 CH4/m 3 LFG) Landfill gas destroyed via flaring and/or combustion in te year y (m 3 LFG) AMS-I.D. ex-ante calculation of emission reductions: Baseline emissions Te baseline emissions are calculated in accordance wit equation (1) of te applied metodology: BE = EG, EF,, (AMS-I.D. equation 1) Were: BE Baseline emissions in year y (tco 2 ) EG, Quantity of net electricity supplied to te grid as a result of te implementation of te project activity in year y (MW) CO 2 emission factor of te grid in year y (tco 2 /MW) EF,, Te emission factor, EF,,, is calculated using version of te Tool to calculate te emission factor for an electricity system. Tese calculations are provided in Annex 3. Project emissions Tere is no additional consumption of fossil fuels due to te implementation of te project activity. Terefore, PE = 0. Leakage Since te energy generating equipment is not transferred from anoter activity, LE = 0. Emission reductions Te emission reductions are calculated in accordance wit equation (10) of te applied metodology: ER = BE PE LE (AMS-I.D. equation 10) Were: ER BE PE LE Emission reductions in year y (tco 2 /y) Baseline emissions in year y (tco 2 /y) Project emissions in year y (tco 2 /y) Leakage emissions in year y (tco 2 /y) 17

18 B.6.2. Data and parameters tat are available at validation: *In accordance wit te version 05 of te Guidelines for completing te simplified project design document (CDM-SSC-PDD) and te form for proposed new small scale metodologies (CDM-SSC- NM), data tat is calculated wit equations provided in te approved category or default values specified in te category sould not be included in te compilation. Terefore, te default values used in te applied tools: Emissions from solid waste disposal sites and Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing metane are excluded from tis section. Data / Parameter: COEF, Data unit: tco 2 /MW Description: CO 2 emission factor of te grid in year y Source of data used: Tis parameter is calculated in accordance wit te Tool to calculate te emission factor for an electricity system (Version ). Value applied: Justification of te As per applied tool, tis value will be calculated ex-ante. Te calculations for coice of data or te tool are presented in Annex 3. description of measurement metods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - Data / Parameter: EF,, Data unit: tco 2 /MW Description: CO 2 emission factor of te grid in year y Source of data used: Tis parameter is calculated in accordance wit te Tool to calculate te emission factor for an electricity system (Version ). Value applied: Justification of te As per applied tool, tis value will be calculated ex-ante. Te calculations for coice of data or te tool will be provided during validation. description of measurement metods and procedures actually applied : Any comment: - B.6.3 Ex-ante calculation of emission reductions: Te tables below present te detailed calculations of te ex-ante emission reductions. Te ex-ante calculations of te flaring portion of te project are sown ere (Pase 1) as te capacity for electricity generation as not yet been investigated. 18

19 AMS-III.G. ex-ante calculation of emission reductions: Te baseline emissions are calculated in accordance wit equation (1) of te applied metodology: BE = BE,, MD, GWP (AMS-III.G. equation 1) Year BE y tco 2 e BE CH4, SWDS, y tco 2 e Te project emissions associated wit te project activity are calculated in accordance wit equation (2) of te applied metodology: PE = PE, + PE, + PE, (AMS-III.G. equation 2) Year PE y PE power, y PE flare, y PE process, y tco 2 e tco 2 e tco 2 e tco 2 e

20 Te CO 2 emissions from use of fossil fuel or electricity used by te project activity facilities (PE, ) are calculated using te procedures described in AMS-I.D version 17. PE = FC, COEF, (Applied tool equation 1) Year PE power, y FC elec, y COEF elec, y tco 2 e MW tco 2 e/mw Te emission reductions acieved by te project activity are estimated ex-ante using equation (3) of te applied metodology: ER, = BE PE LE (AMS-III.G. equation 3) Year ER y, estimated BE y PE y LE y tco 2 e tco 2 e tco 2 e tco 2 e

21 B.6.4 Summary of te ex-ante estimation of emission reductions: Year Estimation of project activity emissions (tco 2 e) Estimation of baseline emissions (tco 2 e) Estimation of leakage (tco 2 e) Estimation of overall emission reductions* (tco 2 e) ,473 26, , ,473 26, , ,473 26, , ,473 26, , ,473 25, , ,473 25, , ,473 25, , ,473 25, , ,473 24, , ,473 24, ,000 Total (tonnes of CO 2 e) 34, , ,080 *Tese emission reductions are calculated for Pase 1 of te project only te flaring of landfill gas. B.7 Application of a monitoring metodology and description of te monitoring plan: B.7.1 Data and parameters monitored: Data / Parameter: f = f Data unit: - Description: Fraction of metane captured at te SWDS and flared, combusted or used in anoter manner tat prevents te emissions of metane to te atmospere in te year y Source of data to be Measured in te project activity used: Value of data 0 Description of Since application A is used for tis project activity, te parameter is only measurement metods monitored once for te crediting period. and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to - be applied: Any comment: Prior to te project activity, no metane was flared, combusted or used in anoter manner tat prevented metane emissions to te atmospere. Data / Parameter: a, b c, d, e, g Data unit: % Description: Effect of uncertainty of different parameters 21

22 Source of data to be Determined in te project activity used: Value of data a = 10% b = 10% c = 5% d = 0% e = 0% g = 20% Description of Te project participant sall use te instructions provided in Table 2 of version measurement metods of te Emissions from solid waste disposal sites. and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to - be applied: Any comment: Tese parameters are determined by te project participant since Option 2 is applied to determine te model correction factor. Data / Parameter: LFG Data unit: Nm 3 /r Description: Landfill gas destroyed via flaring or combustion in te year y Source of data to be Measured in te project activity. used: Value of data 500 Description of A flow meter will be installed to measure te flow rate of gas sent to te flare. measurement metods Te volumetric flow rate will be measured on a dry basis; ensuring tat all of te and procedures to be moisture is removed prior to te analysis. Tis will be te same for te density of applied: metane and te fraction of metane in te residual gas. Te volumetric flow rate of te residual gas on a dry basis will be measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te purposes of calculating emission reductions. QA/QC procedures to Te flow meter will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer be applied: specifications. Any comment: - Data / Parameter: w, Data unit: - Description: Metane content in te landfill gas in te year y Source of data to be Measured in te project activity used: Value of data 0.5 Description of Te volumetric fraction of metane in te residual gas on a dry basis will be measurement metods measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te and procedures to be purposes of calculating emission reductions. As an ex-ante estimation, te applied: fraction of metane in SWDS gas is used as specified in version of te Tool to determine metane emissions avoided from disposal of waste at a solid waste disposal site. Te remainder of te gas will be assumed to be nitrogen wic is in line wit te applied tool. 22

23 QA/QC procedures to Te gas analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer be applied: specifications. Any comment: - Data / Parameter: FC, Data unit: MW Description: Quantity of electricity used in te project activity during te year y Source of data to be Measured in te project activity. used: Value of data 321 Description of measurement metods and procedures to be Te quantity of electricity used by te project activity will be measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te purposes of calculating te emission reductions. applied: QA/QC procedures to be applied: Te electricity meter will be calibrated in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. Any comment: - Data / Parameter: FV, Data unit: Nm 3 /r Description: Volumetric flow rate of te residual gas on dry basis at normal conditions in te our Source of data to be Measured in te project activity. used: Value of data 500 Description of A flow meter will be installed to measure te flow rate of gas sent to te flare. measurement metods Te volumetric flow rate will be measured on a dry basis; ensuring tat all of te and procedures to be moisture is removed prior to te analysis. Tis will be te same for te density of applied: metane and te fraction of metane in te residual gas. Te volumetric flow rate of te residual gas on a dry basis will be measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te purposes of calculating emission reductions. QA/QC procedures to Te flow meter will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer be applied: specifications. Any comment: - Data / Parameter: fv, Data unit: - Description: Volumetric fraction of metane in te residual gas on dry basis in our Source of data to be Measured in te project activity used: Value of data 0.5 Description of Te volumetric fraction of metane in te residual gas on a dry basis will be measurement metods measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te and procedures to be purposes of calculating emission reductions. As an ex-ante estimation, te applied: fraction of metane in SWDS gas is used as specified in version of te Tool to determine metane emissions avoided from disposal of waste at a solid 23

24 waste disposal site. Te remainder of te gas will be assumed to be nitrogen wic is in line wit te applied tool. QA/QC procedures to Te gas analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer be applied: specifications. Any comment: - Data / Parameter: t, Data unit: - Description: Volumetric fraction of O 2 in te exaust gas of te flare in our Source of data to be Measured in te project activity used: Value of data 0.02 Description of measurement metods and procedures to be applied: Te volumetric fraction of O 2 in te exaust gas of te flare will be measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te purposes of calculating emission reductions. An electrocemical meter wit an accuracy of ± 0.5% will be used to measure tis parameter. QA/QC procedures to be applied: Te gas analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. Any comment: - Data / Parameter: fv,, Data unit: mg/m 3 Description: Concentration of metane in te exaust gas of te flare in a dry basis at normal conditions in te our Source of data to be Measured in te project activity used: Value of data 7,160 Description of Te concentration of metane in te exaust gas of te flare in a dry basis will be measurement metods measured continuously, integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te and procedures to be purposes of calculating emission reductions. An infrared meter wit an accuracy applied: of ± 2% will be used to measure tis parameter. QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: Te concentration of metane will be measured on a dry basis ensuring tat all of te moisture is removed prior to te analysis. Tis will be in line wit te measurement of te gas flow rate and te density of metane. Te gas analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. For te purposes of estimating te ex-ante emission reductions, it is assumed tat te flue gas contains 1% metane. Data / Parameter: T Data unit: C Description: Temperature in te exaust gas of te enclosed flare. Source of data to be Measured in te project activity used: Value of data 1,000 Description of Te temperature in te exaust gas of te flare will be measured continuously, 24

25 measurement metods and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: - Data / Parameter: Data unit: Description: Source of data to be used: Value of data Description of measurement metods and procedures to be applied: QA/QC procedures to be applied: Any comment: - integrated ourly and aggregated montly for te purposes of calculating emission reductions. A type N termocouple will be used to measure te temperature. Te termocouple will be calibrated/replaced periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. EG, MW Quantity of net electricity supplied to te grid as a result of te implementation of te project activity in year y Measured in te project activity. Te capacity for electricity generation as not been assessed yet. Te capacity will only be specified once te quality and quantity of te landfill gas as been tested. Te electricity output will be measured by an electricity meter installed at te internal combustion engine. Te net electricity generated by te project activity will be monitored continuously, integrated ourly and logged electronically. Tese values will be consolidated on a montly basis for te purposes of calculating emission reductions. Te meter will be calibrated in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. B.7.2 Description of te monitoring plan: Te monitoring plan will ensure tat te emission reduction resulting from te project activity are accurately monitored, recorded and reported. Monitoring management Te Kupferberg Landfill facility manager is responsible for te effective implementation of te monitoring management plan. All elements of te monitoring plan will be supported by formal procedures and regular training of delegated personnel, as appropriate. Data monitoring Te following parameters will be monitored as part of te flaring portion of te project: Te flow rate of landfill gas to te flare Te flow rate will measured using an orifice plate, as well as a pressure and temperature transducer to be used for flow rate correction. Te composition of te landfill gas sent to te flare o Two electro-cemical oxygen sensors (scaled 0-25%) will be installed to detect oxygen levels in te residual gas. Te system uses two oxygen cells to ceck for deviation. Wen 25

26 o o te deviation is excessive, an alarm will be raised. Tese sensors are consumable and will be replaced in periodic intervals. One infra-red metane analyser (scaled 0-100%). Tis analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. One carbon dioxide analyser (scaled 0-100%). Tis analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. Te temperature in te exaust gas of te flare Te temperature will be measured wit an N-type termocouple wic will be replaced/calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. Te composition of te exaust gas of te flare o One infra-red metane analyser (range 0-5%). Tis analyser will be calibrated periodically in accordance wit manufacturer specifications. o One electro-cemical oxygen sensor (range 0-25%) will be installed to detect oxygen levels in te flue gas. Power consumption of te flare An electricity meter will be installed to monitor te power consumption of te flare. Quantity of electricity delivered to te grid from te project activity Electricity meters will measure te quantity of electricity supplied to te recipient plant. Tese meters will be bi-directional tis means tat tey subtract any electricity used by te plant during start up, or wen te engine is not producing electricity. Meter Calibration Meters will be calibrated in accordance wit te manufacturer s requirements. Te results of eac calibration will be recorded in a formal report and te report will be arcived. Data storage All data collected will be arcived electronically in multiple locations (at least two) to ensure no data is lost. All data will be kept for at least two years after te end of te crediting period, as per CDM requirements. B.8 Date of completion of te application of te baseline and monitoring metodology and te name of te responsible person(s)/entity(ies) Date of completion of application: 02/04/2012 Contact information for te entity responsible for te application of te baseline and monitoring information: Prometium Carbon (Pty) Ltd Coral House 20 Peter Place Bryanston 2021 Joannesburg Telepone:

27 Tis entity is not a project participant. SECTION C. Duration of te project activity / crediting period C.1 Duration of te project activity: C.1.1. Starting date of te project activity: As per version 06.0 of te Glossary of CDM Terms, in te context of a CDM project activity, te start date is te earliest date at wic eiter te implementation or construction or real action of a CDM project activity begins. In accordance wit te above definition, te project as not started yet. Te start date of te project will be wen te City of Windoek signs te civil engineering contract after a local tender process. Tis date is estimated to be 01/07/2012. C.1.2. Expected operational lifetime of te project activity: Te lifetime of te flaring infrastructure and te gas engines exceeds te duration of te crediting period. Furtermore, te Kupferberg Landfill will remain operational until 2023, exceeding te duration of te crediting period. C.2 Coice of te crediting period and related information: C.2.1. Renewable crediting period C Starting date of te first crediting period: Not applicable. A fixed crediting period as been selected for tis project activity. C Lengt of te first crediting period: Not applicable. A fixed crediting period as been selected for tis project activity. C.2.2. Fixed crediting period: C Starting date: 01/01/2013 or te date tat te project is registered under te CDM wicever occurs later. C years 0 monts. Lengt: 27

28 SECTION D. Environmental impacts D.1. If required by te ost Party, documentation on te analysis of te environmental impacts of te project activity: Te project activity as a positive impact on te environment it will produce renewable electricity and will reduce te amount of metane emitted to te atmospere. However, according to te Namibian Environmental Management Act, 2007 (Act No. 7 of 2007), any activity involving energy generation or waste disposal may not be undertaken witout an environmental clearance certificate. D.2. If environmental impacts are considered significant by te project participants or te ost Party, please provide conclusions and all references to support documentation of an environmental impact assessment undertaken in accordance wit te procedures as required by te ost Party: Environmental Impact Assessment consultants ave been appointed for tis project. Te EIA as started and te report will be issued mid SECTION E. Stakeolders comments E.1. Brief description ow comments by local stakeolders ave been invited and compiled: Advertisements appeared in tree different Namibian newspapers. Tese advertisements provided te reader wit information about te project, including its location and its intention to register as a CDM project. Interested and affected parties were invited to comment or make suggestions on te proposed project via letter, fax or , or to attend a public meeting tat was eld at te University of Namibia s Library Auditorium on Tursday 1 Marc Te advertisements appeared in te following newspapers on te following days: Te Namibian: Tursday 16 February 2012 Friday 24 February 2012 Republikein: Wednesday 15 February 2012 Tursday 23 February 2012 New Era: Wednesday 15 February 2012 Tursday 23 February 2012 E.2. Summary of te comments received: Te table below gives a summary of te concerns and comments/suggestions raised by interested and/or affected parties during te public meeting tat was eld at te University of Namibia s Library Auditorium. Te public meeting involved a presentation of te proposed project, as well as an open session were parties could comment or raise questions. Helmut van Sydlitz Estie Kwenani Participant Comment or question Response Wat gas or residue is going to be produced? Will tere be a need for extra waste to sustain te gas production in te waste body? Metane, H 2 S, CO 2, O 2, N 2. No, te gas in te existing cells is expected to last for 20 years. 28