RITE s Advanced CO 2 Capture Technologies

Transcription

1 RITE s Advanced CO 2 Capture Technologies Hidetaka Yamada Chemical Research Group Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth Kyoto, JAPAN 9th Trondheim Conference on CO 2 Capture, Transport and Storage June 14, 2017, Trondheim, Norway

2 Introduction RITE s CO 2 Capture Technologies Absorption method Adsorption method Membrane separation Summary

3 Profile of RITE Objective: R&D of industrial technologies that contribute to the conservation of the global environment and the progress of the world economy 3/25 Establishment: July 1990 (supported by Ministry of International Trade and Industry, local governments, academic circles and industries) Location: Kansai Science City, Kyoto Activities: Development of innovative environmental technology & Expansion of CO 2 sinks Staff: 170 (January 2017) Tomakomai Nagaoka Tokyo RITE Annual budget: Approx. 2.1 billion JPY (ca. 21M US$)

4 Research Laboratory 4/25

5 Large Sources of CO 2 Emissions wide ranges of exhaust gas pressure, CO 2 concentration, and gas components 5/25 Power station Steel works Cement plant Chemical plant Annual CO 2 emissions in Japan (Gt/y) 2014, Ministry of the Environment

6 Chemical Research Group 6/25 Absorbent Group Leader: Prof. Shin-ichi Nakao Advanced Separation Technologies Adsorbent Staff: 35 (13 doctors) as of Jan Membrane

7 Introduction RITE s CO 2 Capture Technologies Absorption method Adsorption method Membrane separation Summary

8 COCS project ( ) to develop a cost-saving CO 2 capture system 8/25 METI (Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) RITE Nippon Steel Corp. Nippon Steel Engineering Co., Ltd. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc. RITE started to develop new absorbents for CO 2 capture under the COCS project from GJ/t CO 2 Conventional R 1 R 3 R GJ/ CO 2 New Goto et al. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control 5 (2011) 1214

9 Approach to Developing Novel Absorbents Screening to find candidates high absorption rate large capacity low heat of absorption Evaluation of energy cost 9/25 Design and synthesis of new amines based on physical, computational & organic chemistry CAT Lab (5 kg CO 2 /d )

10 COURSE50 Project (2008 ) New absorbents have been developed by RITE and NSSMC (RN-series) and evaluated in bench plants under the COURSE50 project. Bench Kimitsu Works of Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp. (NSSMC) 10/25 CAT1 (1 t CO 2 /d ) CAT30 (30 t CO 2 /d) 2.0 GJ/t CO 2 has been achieved as of Onoda et al. J Sustain Metall 2 (2016) 209

11 Industrial Application of the RN Absorbent 11/25 ESCAP Muroran Works of NSSMC an energy-saving CO 2 absorption process of Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co., Ltd. (NSENGI) commercialized for industrial application based on the CO 2 capture technology developed under the project COURSE50 with the addition of NSENGI proprietary technology

12 Introduction RITE s CO 2 Capture Technologies Absorption method Adsorption method Membrane separation Summary

13 Regeneration energy (GJ/ton CO 2 ) Development of Solid Sorbents for CO 2 Capture ( ) 13/25 Objective Regeneration energy < 1.5 GJ/ton CO 2 for post-combustion capture R & D Innovative Solid Sorbent + Amine Solid sorbent Vaporization heat Sensible heat Heat of absorption System Evaluation Porous support MEA sol. RITE sol. Solid sorbent (target) PC power plant Capture & Separation Compression Storage

14 Strategy for Achieving Energy Reduction Increasing amine content 14/25 by the wet impregnation method using polyamines Improving regeneration efficiency by the structural modification of amino groups N H H 2 N n NH 2 Substituent introduction HO Blending R' N R'' R N H N n N H H R

15 Design of Effective Amines Heat of reaction for CO 2 capture H 15/25 R 1 R 2 NH + CO 2 + B R 1 R 2 NCOO + BH + Stability of carbamate G R 1 R 2 NCOO + H 2 O HCO 3 + R 1 R 2 NH Effects of functional groups R 1, R 2, and base B analyzed using the density fictional theory, solvation models and spectroscopic methods in terms of enthalpy, free energy and reaction pathway Yamada et al. Ind Eng Chem Res 49 (2010) 2449 Yamada et al. J Phys Chem A 115 (2011) 3079 Yamada et al. J Mol Model 19 (2013) 4147 Yamada et al. Int J Greenhouse Gas Control 17 (2013) 99 Yamada et al. Ind Eng Chem Res 53 (2014) 1617 Yamada et al. Sep Sci Technol 50 (2015) 2948 Yamada J Phys Chem B 120 (2016) 10563

16 Effect of the Structural Modification of Amino Groups 16/25 TEPA IP-TEPA Working 40 C Amine70wt%/Silica (granulated)

17 Process Optimization Using Lab-Scale Apparatus 17/25 Simulant gas 10% CO 2 3 L/min (= 1 kg CO 2 /d) 50% relative humidity Temperature 60 C Adsorption 100 kpa Rise with captured CO 2 Desorption 5-15 kpa Process Steam-aided vacuum swing adsorption Cycle time 9 min 93% recovery and 98% purity capture has been achieved with 1.5 GJ steam/ton CO 2. Fujiki et al. Chem Eng J 307 (2017) 273

18 Current Project (2015 ) RITE is partnering with Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd (KHI) on the development of the solid sorbent system. 18/25 Project objectives: Material optimization to develop low cost production of the solid sorbent, sorbent durability, and commercial scale production KHI s moving-bed bench plant Process optimization by operating bench scale ( 5 t CO 2 /d) and pilot scale (30 40 t CO 2 /d) units on exhaust gas

19 Introduction RITE s CO 2 Capture Technologies Absorption method Adsorption method Membrane separation Summary

20 CO2 Separation Membrane for IGCC 20/25 Water gas shift CO + H2O H2 + CO C, 2 4 MPa Steam CO2 Storage Heat exchanger H2 Coal Power generation O2 Gasifier WGS reactor 40% CO2/H2/Impurity C, 2 4 MPa CO2-selective membrane module Integrated coal gasification combined cycle with CO2 capture

21 CO 2 Molecular Gate Membrane (MGM) an Example of Materials 21/25 Dendrimer OH + HO PVA Crosslinker OH RO T i OR HO Dendrimer OH HO PVA + Crosslinker 58 cm 2

22 Innovative Separation Mechanism of MGM 22/25 CO 2 (0.33 nm) H 2 (0.29 nm) High Pressure CO 2 H O R N C O H C O 3 H O R N C O H 2 H N R H H H N R H H H C O 3 H C O 3 Conventional membrane size selective low selectivity Low R N H 2 H 2 N R H C O 3 H O H R N C O N R H C O 3 H H CO 2 Molecular gate membrane reactive solution of CO 2 high selectivity

23 CO 2 Permeance (m 3 (STP)m 2 s 1 Pa 1 ) Selectivity (CO 2 /He) Key Results of MGM for CO 2 Separation 23/25 ca. $15/t-CO cm 2 58 cm 2 Element (2 inch) 85 C 20 cm elements (2 inch & 4 inch) CO 2 partial pressure (kpa) 2.4 MPa (Total) Current Project (2015 ) developing membrane modules with Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. preparing for field tests using real WGS gas (2018 )

24 Summary RITE is developing the advanced CO 2 capture systems from large emission sources toward establishing the technologies by ca A wide range of exhaust gases can be treated for CO 2 capture by applying RITE s absorbents, adsorbents or membranes. We are carrying out the demonstration projects with powerful collaborators under support from METI and NEDO.

25 Commissioned by METI, Japan. The COURSE50 project is sponsored by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization. Thank you. Hidetaka Yamada