Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage 357 Main Street Cedarville, NJ 08311

Transcription

1 Steven Winter Associates, Inc. 293 Route 18 South, Suite 330 Telephone: (866) Architects and Engineers East Brunswick, NJ March 18 th, 2010 Local Government Energy Program DRAFT-Energy Audit Report For Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage 357 Main Street Cedarville, NJ Project Number: LGEA47 Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 1/34

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION... 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY USAGE AND COST ANALYSIS UTILITY RATE ENERGY BENCHMARKING FACILITY AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS BUILDING OCCUPANCY PROFILES BUILDING ENVELOPE EXTERIOR WALLS ROOF BASE WINDOWS EXTERIOR DOORS BUILDING AIR TIGHTNESS HVAC SYSTEMS HEATING COOLING VENTILATION DOMESTIC HOT WATER ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS LIGHTING APPLIANCES AND PROCESS ELEVATORS BUILDING SYSTEMS EQUIPMENT LIST ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES RENEWABLE AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MEASURES EXISTING SYSTEMS SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS COMBINED HEAT AND POWER GEOTHERMAL WIND ENERGY PURCHASING AND PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES ENERGY PURCHASING TARIFF ANALYSIS ENERGY PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES METHOD OF ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS AND METHODS DISCLAIMER APPENDIX A: LIGHTING STUDY APPENDIX B: THIRD PARTY ENERGY SUPPLIERS (ESCOS) Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 2/34

3 INTRODUCTION On January 19 th, Steven Winter Associates, Inc. (SWA) and PMK performed an energy audit and assessment of the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage in Cedarville, NJ. Current conditions and energy-related information were collected in order to analyze and facilitate the implementation of energy conservation measures for the building. The Lawrence Township Municipal and EMS Building is a total of 10,630 square feet. The original bi-level Municipal Hall and two-bay EMS garage were built in The lower level of the Municipal building contains; the court room, zoning offices, and storage space. The first or main level, houses the town clerk, committee offices, a conference room, restrooms, stock room, and record storage. In 1985, the Township built an addition extending the EMS garage space to include an additional two garage bays. The Lawrence Township Municipal and EMS Building is occupied consistently by 3 to 10 employees for 39 hours a week. Energy data and building information collected in the field were analyzed to determine the baseline energy performance of the building. Using spreadsheet-based calculation methods, SWA and PMK estimated the energy and cost savings associated with the installation of each of the recommended energy conservation measures. The findings for the building are summarized in this report. The goal of this energy audit is to provide sufficient information to make decisions regarding the implementation of the most appropriate and most cost effective energy conservation measures for the building. Launched in 2008, the LGEA Program provides subsidized energy audits for municipal and local government-owned facilities, including offices, courtrooms, town halls, police and fire stations, sanitation buildings, transportation structures, schools and community centers. The Program will subsidize 75% of the cost of the audit. If the net cost of the installed measures recommended by the audit, after applying eligible NJ SmartStart Buildings incentives, exceeds the remaining cost of the audit, then that additional 25% will also be paid by the program. The Board of Public Utilities (BPU s) Office of Clean Energy has assigned TRC Energy Services to administer the Program. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 3/34

4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document contains the energy audit report for the Lawrence Township Municipal/EMS building at 697 Main Street, Cedarville, NJ Based on the field visit performed by Steven Winter Associates (SWA) and PMK staff on January 19 th, 2010 and the results of a comprehensive energy analysis, this report describes the site s current conditions and recommendations for improvements. Suggestions for measures related to energy conservation and improved comfort are provided in the scope of work. Energy and resource savings are estimated for each measure that results in a reduction of heating, cooling, and electric usage. Current conditions In the most recent full year of data collected, December, 2008 through November, 2009, the Municipal/EMS Building consumed a total of 60,523 kwh of electricity for a total cost of $10,398. In the most recent full year of natural gas data collected, December, 2008 through November, 2009, 4, therms of gas were consumed for a total cost of $6, With electricity and natural gas combined, the building consumed 898 MMBtus of energy at a total cost of $17,453. SWA/BSG-PMK has entered energy information about the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager Energy benchmarking system. The building performance rating was not able to be determined because the building use is classified as Other in the Portfolio Manager system. The Site Energy Use Intensity is 84.0 kbtu/ft 2 yr compared to the national average of a similar building consuming kbtu/ft 2 yr. Implementing the recommendations included in this report will reduce the building energy consumption by approximately 14.2 kbtu/ft 2 yr. There may be energy procurement opportunities for Lawrence Township to reduce annual utility costs, which are $1,320/yr higher, when compared to the average estimated NJ commercial utility rates. Based on the assessment of the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage, SWA/BSG-PMK has separated the recommendations into three categories (See Section 4 for more details). These are summarized as follows: Category I Recommendations: Capital Improvements: The domestic water heater, installed in 2001, is nearing the end of its useful life and should be replaced with a high-efficiency, gas-fired replacement. Due to low savings from upgrading a gas water heater to another gas water heater, this could not be recommended as an ECM. Replace all aluminum framed single pane windows with vinyl framed double pane, thermally broken windows. Category II: Operations & Maintenance: Fill and repair cracks in exterior brick and concrete masonary block. Recommend installing new step flashing properly to prevent future water damage. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 4/34

5 A photocell, located outside, is currently shaded, causing a single incandescent bulb to operate at all hours of the day. It is recommended that the obstruction be removed. An 8,000 BTU Friedrich window unit air-conditioner, installed in 1981, is well beyond its useful life and in poor condition. Units are available that have Energy Efficiency Ratios (EERs) up to 10.5, and can save $ per year in electric costs, depending on how frequently the unit is used. Category III: Energy Conservation Measures: At this time, SWA/BSG-PMK highly recommends a total of 2 Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) for the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage that are summarized in the following table. The total investment cost for these ECMs, with incentives, is $12,105 (based on a projected eligibility for New Jersey s Office of Clean Energy current incentive and rebate programs). SWA/BSG-PMK estimates a first year savings of $2,267 with an aggregated simple payback of 5.3 years. SWA/BSG-PMK estimates that implementing the highly recommended ECMs will reduce the carbon footprint of the facility by 22,903 lbs of CO 2. There are various incentives that the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage could apply for that could also help lower the cost of installing the ECMs. SWA/BSG-PMK recommends that Lawrence Township apply for the NJ SmartStart program through the New Jersey Office of Clean Energy. This incentive can help provide technical assistance for the building in the implementation phase of any energy conservation project. The following table summarizes the proposed Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) and their economic relevance: Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 5/34

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7 1. HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION 1.1. Energy Usage and Cost Analysis SWA/BSG-PMK analyzed utility bills that were received from the utility companies supplying the Lawrence Township Municipal/EMS building with electric from December, 2008 through November, 2009, and natural gas from December, 2008 through November, Electricity The Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage is currently served by one electric meter. The facility currently receives electricity from Atlantic City Electric at an average rate of $0.172/kWh based on 12 months of utility bills from December, 2008 through November, The facility consumed approximately 60,523 kwh or $10,398 worth of electricity in the previous year with an average monthly demand of 16.4 kw. The following charts show electricity usage for the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage based on utility bills for the billing analysis period. The red line indicates the estimated baseload in kwh. 12,000 10,000 8,000 Municipal Building/EMS Garage-Electricity Usage (kwh) kwh 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 Apr-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 7/34

8 Natural Gas The Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage is currently served by one meter for natural gas. The facility currently receives natural gas from South Jersey Gas at an average aggregated rate of $1.43/therm based on 12 months of utility bills for December, 2008 to November, The facility consumed approximately 4, therms or $6,160 worth of natural gas in the previous year. The following charts show the natural gas usage for the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage based on utility bills for the analysis period of December 2008 through November 2009: Municipal Building/EMS Garage- Natural Gas Usage (therms) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 therms May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date The natural gas usage mimics seasonal needs for heating the buildings showing that natural gas is primarily used for heating. The red line indicates the baseload level for the heating, domestic hot water, and cooking needs. The natural gas usage above the red line shows the amount of natural gas used for heating Utility Rate The Lawrence Township Municipal Building/EMS Garage currently receives electricity from Atlantic City Electric at a general service market rate for electricity use (kwh) with (kw) demand charge. The facility currently pays an average rate of approximately $0.17/kWh based on the most recent 12 months of utility bills. The Lawrence Township Municipal Building/EMS Garage currently receives natural gas supply from South Jersey Gas at a general service market rate for natural gas in (therms). There is one gas meter that provides natural gas service to the facility. The average aggregated rate (supply and transport) for the meter is approximately $1.02/therm based on 12 months of utility bills for December, 2008 to November, Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 8/34

9 1.3. Energy Benchmarking SWA/BSG-PMK has entered energy information about The Municipal Building/EMS Garage in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager Energy benchmarking system. The username is lawrencetownship and the password is lawrence. The building performance rating was not able to be determined because the building use is classified as Otherin the Portfolio Manager system. The Site Energy Use Intensity is 84.0 kbtu/sq.ft/yr compared to the national average of buildings classified as other consuming kbtu/sq.ft./yr. Implementing this report s recommended Energy Conservations Measures (ECMs) will reduce use by approximately 14.2 kbtu/sq.ft./yr. SWA/BSG-PMK has created the Portfolio Manager site information for Municipal Building/EMS Garage. This information can be accessed at: with the following: Username: lawrencetownship Password: lawrence Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 9/34

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11 2. FACILITY AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION 2.1. Building Characteristics The Lawrence Township Municipal/EMS building is a total of 10,630 square feet. The original bi-level Municipal Hall and two bay EMS garage was built in The lower level of the Municipal building contains; the court room, zoning offices, and storage space. The first or main level, houses the town clerk, committee offices, a conference room, restrooms, stock room, and record storage. In 1985, the Township built an addition extending the EMS garage space to include an additional two garage bays Building occupancy profiles The Lawrence Township Municipal and EMS Building is occupied consistently by 3 to 10 employees for 39 hours a week Building envelope Exterior walls The base of the new addition walls are insulated concrete masonry units. The upper portion is framed with heavy duty metal studs clad with standing seam metal. The exterior walls of the Municipal/EMS Building are wood stud construction with batt insulation. The exterior is finished with brick veneer. The interior of the walls are finished with drywall and paint. Exterior and interior finishes of the envelope were found to be in fair condition. There were developing cracks that need to be readdressed. The below images show the large seams and cracks around the EMS overhead door frames and two large cracks developing in the rear of the building that need to be addressed. Front Rear Category II Operation and Maintenance Recommendation: Fill and repair cracks in exterior brick and concrete masonary block. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 11/34

12 Roof The main roof is a wood truss system with ½ exterior grade plywood sheathing, 15# felt, and asphalt shingles. The roof over the 1985 addition is constructed of corrugated steel on top of steel beams with interior insulation. The attic floor is insulated with batt insulation. The roof, gutters and fascia boards are in good condition. The flashing on the chimney is not installed correctly and will lead to water leakage. Category II Operations and Maintenance Recommendation: Recommend installing new step flashing properly to prevent future water damage Base The Municipal Building portion of the facility has a finished basement with batt insulation on the walls and a 6 concrete slab beneath the tiled floor. The EMS portion of this facility is on a 6 concrete slab. There are no signs of water damage, improper drainage, or compromised structure Windows There are seven single pane aluminum framed windows and two double pane vinyl framed windows throughout the building. The newer vinyl windows and screens are in good condition. Category I Capital Improvement Recommendations: Replace all aluminum framed single pane windows with vinyl frame double pain, thermally broken windows Exterior doors The Municipal Building has a set of double exterior aluminum medium style store front doors. The main entry has glass and a black finished aluminum. The three exterior doors on the EMS portion are a hollow metal insulated door. There are four overhead garage bay doors with insulation and intact weather stripping. All doors and hardware were found to be in good working order with functioning latches and good weather stripping Building air tightness The building s air tightness is in fair condition. The exterior cracks need to be addressed before they cause infiltration problem for the interior of the building. During the site visit no signs of infiltration or temperature imbalance were discovered. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 12/34

13 2.4. HVAC systems Heating Heat for the Municipal portion of the building is provided by three original 1958 Lennox gas fired furnaces. Unit F-1 and F-2 feed the lower and first floor of the Municipal building and F-3 feeds the original two bay garage. There are a total of three Reznor ceiling mounted heaters that were installed in the new EMS garage area during the 1985 renovation. A fourth heating unit, an International Comfort Products 100MBH unit, provides cooling and supplemental heat for the first floor of the municipal building. All systems were observed and functioning properly however the original 1958 Lennox units are past there useful and efficient lives. Category III Recommendation ECM # 1 Replace the current 1958 Lennox furnaces with high-efficiency, modulating furnaces. These units are available with efficiencies up to 95% Cooling The lower level of the Municipal/EMS building is cooled by window / through the wall air conditioning units. The first floor is cooled by a new Heil split system that was installed in The original garage bays and the new additional EMS bays are both cooled by two 3 ton split systems. The units are set up to operate via individual wall mounted programmable thermostats. The air handlers and condenser units were found to be in good operating condition Ventilation There are three exhaust fans that provide ventilation for the restrooms and kitchen area. Each is controlled by a wall switch at the point of use Domestic Hot Water The building s domestic hot water is supplied by a gas-fired 40 gallon Bradford White water heater Electrical systems Lighting A complete inventory of all interior, exterior, and exit sign light fixtures were examined and documented in Appendix A of this report including an estimated total lighting power consumption. Our initial findings indicate that performing a detailed lighting upgrade per the recommendations in Appendix A. Category III Recommendation - ECM #2: Recommend upgrading all T-12 lighting fixtures with magnetic ballasts to T-8 fixtures with electronic ballasts, as well as installing lighting Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 13/34

14 sensors to certain areas where lights typically remain lit when unoccupied for long periods of time. These and various other lighting upgrades are outlined in Appendix A.. Category II Recommendation Operations & Maintenance: A photocell, located outside, is currently shaded, causing a single incandescent bulb to operate at all hours of the day. It is recommended that the obstruction be removed Appliances and Process Appliances, such as refrigerators, that are over 10 years of age should be replaced with newer efficient models with the Energy Star label. For example, Energy Star refrigerators use as little as 315 kwh / yr. When compared to the average electrical consumption of older equipment, Energy Star equipment results in a large savings. Building management should select Energy Star label appliances and equipment when replacing: refrigerators, printers, computers, copy machines, etc. More information can be found in the Products section of the Energy Star website at: The building has a full kitchen including; (1) Frigidaire stove, (1) GE slow cooker, and (1) Whirlpool Freezer. All equipment was found to be in good condition. However, it is recommended that as this equipment fails it be replaced with Energy Star labeled appliances. The building has total of (7) computers, (1) copy machine / printer Elevators This building does have a hydraulic elevator. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 14/34

15 3. Building Systems Equipment List Building System Description Locations Model # Fuel Space Served Year Installed Estimtaed. Remaining Useful Life % Heating (3) Gas-fired unit heaters, 75,000/62,250 BTUH input/output New EMS garage Reznor, M# UDAP75, S# BIJ79Y2N18587X Natural Gas New EMS garage % Cooling Wall air-conditioner Office LG Electricity Office 20% Cooling Cooling DHW Heating Heating Heating Wall air-conditioner, 8,000 BTU (2) wall airconditioners, 18,500 BTU, 10 EER 40 gallon, 40 MBH water heater F-1: Forced-air furnace, 135/108 MBH input/output F-2: Forced-air furnace w/ cooling coil, 135/108 MBH input/output F-3: Forced-air furnace w/ cooling coil, 135/108 MBH input/output 3-ton condensing unit Offices Court room Mechanical room Basement of EMS garage Basement of EMS garage Basement of EMS garage Roof Friedrich, M# SS08F10, S# DM3994 Friedrich, M# SM18J30A, S# JFBS01012 Bradford White, M# MI403S6EN12, S# XE0356EN12 Lennox, M# GH54-135S Lennox, M# GH54-135S Lennox, M# GH54-135S Arcoaire, M# H2A360GKA100 Electricity Offices % Electricity Court room 60% Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas Entire building Court room, construction office % % Court room % Old EMS garage % Cooling International Electricity Old bay 80% Fan coil, 2000 CFM Garage area Comfort Products, M# FSM2X6000A, 2008 S# A ton condensing unit Roof Arcoaire, M# H2A360GKA Cooling Arcoaire, M# Electricity New bay 80% Fan coil, 2000 CFM Garage area H2A360GKA101, S# A Heating/ Cooling Forced-air furnace w/ cooling coil, 100 MBH 3-ton condensing unit, 13 SEER 2nd floor Outside International Comfort Products, M# GNM100N16A3, S# L Hiel, M# NAC036AKA1, S# LO Natural Gas st floor % Electricity 40% Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 15/34

16 Appliances Stove Kitchen Frigidaire Natural Gas Kitchen 50% Appliances Slow-cooker Kitchen GE Electricity Kitchen 50% Appliances Electric can opener Kitchen Black & Decker Electricity Kitchen 50% Appliances Freezer Kitchen Whirlpool, M# EV130C Electricity Kitchen 50% Ventilation (3) exhaust fans Roof No nameplate Electricity General exhaust 50% Ventilation Fan Garage bay Patton, M# 1010MP Electricity Garage bay 20% Appliances Coffee maker Kitchen Mr. Coffee Electricity Kitchen 50% Appliances Harfard walk-in box Kitchen Bohn, M# AD0700F, S# DSF00262 Electricity Kitchen 50% Note: *The remaining useful life of a system (in %) is the relationship between the system manufactured and / or installed date and the standard life expectancy of similar equipment based on ASHRAE (2003), ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Applications, Chapter 36. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 16/34

17 4. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES Based on the assessment of this building, SWA and BSG-PMK have separated the investment opportunities into three categories of recommendations: 1. Capital Improvements Upgrades not directly associated with energy savings 2. Operations and Maintenance Low Cost/No Cost Measures 3. Energy Conservation Measures Higher cost upgrades with associated energy savings Category I Recommendations: Capital Improvements: The domestic water heater, installed in 2001, is nearing the end of its useful life and should be replaced with a high-efficiency, gas-fired replacement. Due to low savings from upgrading a gas water heater to another gas water heater, this could not be recommended as an ECM. Replace all aluminum framed single pane windows with vinyl framed double pane, thermally broken windows. Category II: Operations & Maintenance: Fill and repair cracks in exterior brick and concrete masonary block. Recommend installing new step flashing properly to prevent future water damage. A photocell, located outside, is currently shaded, causing a single incandescent bulb to operate at all hours of the day. It is recommended that the obstruction be removed. An 8,000 BTU Friedrich window unit air-conditioner, installed in 1981, is well beyond its useful life and in poor condition. Units are available that have Energy Efficiency Ratios (EERs) up to 10.5, and can save $ per year in electric costs, depending on how frequently the unit is used. Category III Recommendations: Energy Conservation Measures: Summary table ECM # Description 1 High-Efficiency Modulating Furnaces Lighting Upgrades & Occupancy 2 Sensors Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 17/34

18 ECM#1: High-Efficiency Modulating Furnaces Description: The Municipal building is heated by three Lennox 135-MBH gas-fired furnaces, located in the basement, as well as an International Comfort Products 100-MBH gas-fired furnace. The three Lennox units are at the end of their 18-year useful life, and should be replaced. Higher-efficiency modulating furnaces are now available, which are up to 95% efficient. The current units were 80% efficient at the time of their purchase, but due to their age and condition, were estimated to decrease by 10%, to 70%. Installation cost: Estimated installed cost: $10,000 for each furnace, $30,000 total Source of cost estimate: Similar Projects Economics: Assumptions: The cost per therm of natural gas that was used, taken from twelve months of the Municipal building s energy bills, was $1.02. Also taken from the energy bills was the number of heating degree-days for one year, 5,168. Due to the fact that the Municipal building only operates 39 out of a possible 168 hours every week, only of the heating degree days were used for these calculations. The 99.6% heating dry bulb temperature is 10 F, which was provided by ASHRAE, and the desired indoor temperature was estimated to be 68 F. The savings were calculated using the following equations: Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 18/34

19 Rebates/financial incentives: This ECM is calculated based on a projected eligibility for New Jersey s Direct Install Rebate, which pays up to 80% of the total installation cost for the furnaces, or $24,000 for this measure. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 19/34

20 ECM #2: Lighting Upgrade & Occupancy Sensors Description: Lighting at the Municipal Building primarily consists of standard-efficiency fixtures with T12 lamps and magnetic ballasts, and T8 lamps with electronic ballasts. SWA/BSG-PMK recommends retrofitting the T12 fluorescent lamps and magnetic ballasts with T8 s and electronic ballasts. The existing T8 s do not need to be upgraded. Also in the building are incandescent lamps, which should be replaced with longer lasting, more efficient compact fluorescent lamps. In addition, occupancy sensors should be installed to control the lighting in the private offices, the stock room, and the EMS restroom. Lighting replacements have short paybacks because of the low cost of the project combined with the high daily use of the lights. Recommended lighting upgrades are detailed in Appendix A. Installation cost: Source of cost estimate: Empirical Data Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 20/34

21 Economics (without incentives): Assumptions: The electric cost used in this ECM was $0.172/kWh, which was the facilities average rate for the 12-month period from December, 2008 through November, The replacements for each lighting fixture, the costs to replace or retrofit each one, and the rebates and wattages for each fixture are located in Appendix A. Rebates/financial incentives: The New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates for upgrading lighting fixtures and installing lighting controls. The total rebate this ECM qualifies for is $1,235. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 21/34

22 5. RENEWABLE AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MEASURES 5.1. Existing systems There are currently no existing renewable energy systems Solar Photovoltaic Photovoltaic (PV) technology was considered for installation on the roofs of the Municipal Building. Based on the shading and the amount of roof area available it was determined that PV installations are not cost effective for this project Solar Thermal Collectors Solar thermal collectors are not recommended due to the low amount of domestic hot water use throughout the building Combined Heat and Power Combined Heat Power is not applicable to this project because of the HVAC system type and limited domestic hot water usage Geothermal Geothermal is not applicable to this project because it would require modifications to the existing heat distribution system, which would not be cost effective Wind Wind power production is not appropriate for this location because required land is not available for the wind turbine. Also, the available wind energy resource is very low. 6. ENERGY PURCHASING AND PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES 6.1. Energy Purchasing The average electrical peak demand for the previous year was 16.4 kw and the maximum peak demand was 30.4 kw. The electric and gas load profiles for this project are presented in the following charts. The first chart shows electric demand (in kw) for the previous 12 months and the other two charts show electric and gas usage (in kwh), respectively. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 22/34

23 Electricity Demand(kW) kwh Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 Apr-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date 12,000 10,000 8,000 Municipal Building/EMS Garage-Electricity Usage (kwh) kwh 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 Apr-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date The electrical demand peaks (except for a few fluctuations) follow the electrical consumption peaks. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 23/34

24 Municipal Building/EMS Garage- Natural Gas Usage (therms) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 therms May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date The natural gas usage shows that the most natural gas is consumed in the winter months, meaning the primary use of natural gas in this building is for heating Tariff analysis Currently, natural gas is provided via one gas meter with South Jersey Gas serving as transmission and supply provider. The general service rate for natural gas charges a market-rate price based on use and the Municipal Building/EMS Garage billing data does not breakdown demand costs for all periods. Typically, the natural gas prices increase during the heating months when natural gas is used by the furnace and unit heaters. The Municipal Building/EMS Garage is direct-metered (via one meter) and currently purchases electricity from Atlantic City Electric at a general service rate. The general service rate for electric charges are market-rate based on use and the Municipal Building/EMS Garage billing does show a breakdown of demand costs. Demand prices are reflected in the utility bills and can be verified by observing the price fluctuations throughout the year. Typically, the electricity prices increase during the cooling months when electricity is used by the HVAC condensing units and air handlers. The following charts compare the utility consumption and utility rates for the natural gas and electricity over the previous two year period. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 24/34

25 Muncipal Buidling/EMS Garage-Natural Gas Usage (therms) v. Natural Gas Rate ($/therm) Natural Gas Usage (therms) Natural Gas Rate ($/therm) $ $ $ $1.50 $ $ $ /15/07 01/15/08 02/14/08 03/16/08 04/16/08 05/15/08 06/14/08 07/15/08 08/14/08 09/13/08 10/14/08 11/13/08 12/14/08 01/14/09 02/14/09 03/17/09 04/28/09 06/10/09 07/11/09 08/10/09 09/08/09 10/10/09 11/09/09 12/10/09 therms Date Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 25/34

26 6.3. Energy Procurement strategies Billing analysis shows large price fluctuations of over the course of the year for the Lawrence Township Municipal Building / EMS Garage natural gas account. Changing third party suppliers could reduce the cost associated with energy procurement. Customers that have a large variation in monthly billing rates can often reduce the costs associated with energy procurement by selecting a third party energy supplier. Contact the NJ Energy Choice Program for further information on Energy Services Companies (ESCOs) that can act as third party energy suppliers. Appendix B contains a complete list of third party energy suppliers. SWA/BSG-PMK also recommends that Lawrence Township contact third party energy suppliers in order to negotiate a lower electricity rate. Comparing the current electric rate to average utility rates of similar type buildings in New Jersey, which are approximately $0.15/kWh, it may be possible to save up to $ 0.02/kWh, which would have equated to $1,320 for the past 12 months. Lawrence Township already purchases natural gas for lower rate than the average rate of $1.55/therm. Municipal Building/EMS Garage- Utility Rates $0.25 $/kwh $2.50 $0.20 $2.00 $0.15 $/kwh $0.10 $0.05 $1.50 $/therm $1.00 $0.50 $0.00 $0.00 Date Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 26/34

27 7. METHOD OF ANALYSIS 7.1. Assumptions and methods Energy modeling method: Spreadsheet-based calculation methods Cost estimates: RS Means 2009 (Facilities Maintenance & Repair Cost Data) RS Means 2009 (Building Construction Cost Data) RS Means 2009 (Mechanical Cost Data) Note: Cost estimates also based on utility bill analysis and prior experience with similar projects Disclaimer This engineering audit was prepared using the most current and accurate fuel consumption data available for the site. The estimates that it projects are intended to help guide the owner toward best energy choices. The costs and savings are subject to fluctuations in weather, variations in quality of maintenance, changes in prices of fuel, materials, and labor, and other factors. Although we cannot guarantee savings or costs, we suggest that you use this report for economic analysis of the building and as a means to estimate future cash flow. THE RECOMMENDATIONS PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT ARE BASED ON THE RESULTS OF ANALYSIS, INSPECTION, AND PERFORMANCE TESTING OF A SAMPLE OF COMPONENTS OF THE BUILDING SITE. ALTHOUGH CODE-RELATED ISSUES MAY BE NOTED, SWA STAFF HAVE NOT COMPLETED A COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION FOR CODE-COMPLIANCE OR HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES. THE OWNER(S) AND MANAGER(S) OF THE BUILDING(S) CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARE REMINDED THAT ANY IMPROVEMENTS SUGGESTED IN THIS SCOPE OF WORK MUST BE PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS THAT APPLY TO SAID WORK. PARTICULAR ATTENTION MUST BE PAID TO ANY WORK WHICH INVOLVES HEATING AND AIR MOVEMENT SYSTEMS, AND ANY WORK WHICH WILL INVOLVE THE DISTURBANCE OF PRODUCTS CONTAINING MOLD, ASBESTOS, OR LEAD. Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 27/34

28 Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 28/34 Appendix A: Lighting Study

29 Appendix B: Third Party Energy Suppliers (ESCOs) Lawrence Twp. Municipal Building/EMS Garage SWA, Inc. Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 29/34

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