EFFIENCY OF RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM IN AN OFFICE BUILDING

Transcription

1 EFFIENCY OF RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM IN AN OFFICE BUILDING Kamarul Azlan Mohd Nasir Norasman Othman Mohd Nasir Noh Mardhiah Farhana Elya Hayati Omar

2 CONTENT: BACKGROUND OF STUDY PROBLEM STATEMENT OBJECTIVE SCOPE OF STUDY SIGNIFICANT OF STUDY LITERATURE REVIEW METHODOLOGY RESULT CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION

3 Water Issues

4 Shortage of Water Increasing Water Demand Growing Population Growing Industrial Activities Growing Agricultural Activities Less Rainfall Within Reservoir Catchment Polluted River

5 GLOBAL WARMING

6 The Problem

7 RAINWATER HARVESTING

8 RAINWATER HARVESTING

9 News- The Star Wednesday Wednesday March 28, 2007 Harvesting rainwater on roofs PUTRAJAYA: The sky is the limit for the country's latest water conservation c initiative. It will soon be mandatory for owners of buildings to install rainwater harvesting systems on rooftops and use the collected water for purposes other than consumption or bathing. Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi said the move was to reduce the wastage of precious treated water to wash cars, flush toilets, clean drains or water plants. He said a by-law to enforce water harvesting and storage systems would be formulated by the Housing and Local Government Ministry for adoption by local authorities. However, not all types of buildings will be required to have the systems. It will only affect buildings with a considerable size s of roof so that adequate rainwater can be collected. We are talking about larger buildings like facto-ries and institutions of higher learning. Small buildings, including low-cost houses, will not be required to harvest rainwater as it would be costly to install gutters for collection, he said after chairing the National Water Council meeting yesterday. Under the proposed system, water will flow from gutters into ponds or tanks from where they can be drawn for uses other than drinking, cooking and bathing. Asked when the by-law would be enforced, Abdullah said once the draft had been prepared, pared, it would be tabled at the Local Government Council, chaired by Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak.

10 Significant of RWHS Reduce the dependency on treated water / reduce water stress Encourage usage of RWHS To reduce problem of Flash Flood

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12 To determine the efficiency of RWHS as an alternative method to determine the optimum storage tank size for storm water reuse based on the collected data.

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14 RWHS Component Catchment s Pervious (plant area) - Impervious (roof, road) Conveyance - gutters and down pipes Filtering mesh filter, first flush Storage - Tank ( underground, 24 m³ m and elevated tank, 3.8 m³ m ) Booster pump Distribution plumbing (gravity)

15 Components of RWHS

16 Impervious Area 1289 m²

17 Pervious Area 80 m²

18 Gutter, Conveyance and Mesh Filter

19 Conveyance System

20 Tank and Pump System

21 Rain Water Storage

22 INSTRUMENTATION

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24 Collated Data

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26 JPS Raub Office Staff = 15 Avg water consumption = 150 l/person/day = 2.25 m 3 /day Storage requirement = 14 dry days = 24m 3 Usage = Toilet flushing, gardening, washing cars and floors and aquarium. Cost of installation = RM 120,000

27 RWHS Component (JPS Raub) ELEVATED TANK TOILET STANDPIPE UNDERGROUND WATER STORAGE TANK (24 m3)

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29 UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK & ELEVATED TANK Filter

30 Tank Size and Pump System

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32 Gutter

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34 Maintenance Requirement

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37 Result and Analyses Historical Rainfall Treated Water Usage Rain Water Usage

38 Rainfall Data Analysis Days Dry Yearly Days Vs Dry Rainy days Days Dry Days Rainy Days Year 1999 Year Dry days

39 Annual Rainfall Yearly Rainy Days Yearly Rainy Days 1800 mm R a in (m m) Year

40 Monthly Rainfall Januari Februari Mac April Mei Jun Julai Ogos September Oktober November Disember

41 NO. OF DRY DAY FROM YEAR 1990 UNTIL 2008 AT JPS RAUB GRAF TOTAL DRY DAY FROM 1990 UNTIL 2008 AT JPS RAUB DAYS 19 days YEARS

42 RESULTS Max day without raining - 39 days (average 19 days) Max rainy day 27 days (average 13 days mm) Dry period May to August monthly (232 days) Rainy Period November ( mm)

43 Treated Water Usage Analysis 450 Water Consumption Treated water usage consumption V olum e usag e (m 3) Januari Februari Mac April Mei Jun Julai Ogos September Oktober November Disember Month

44 SUMMARY RAINFALL DATA COLLECTED AT JPS RAUB The Total Rainfall Intensity~(June08-Jan Jan 09) The Average Daily Rainfall The highest rainfall ~(29/6/08) The Longest Period Without Rainfall mm 3.36 mm 54 mm/day 9 days

45 PERCENTAGE OF RAINWATER USAGE EXCLUDING & INCLUDING ON SATURDAY & SUNDAY AT TOILET, PIPE AND LANDSCAPE PERCENTAGE OF RAINWATER USAGE NOT INCLUDING ON SATURDAY AND SUNDAY AT TOILET, STANDPIPE AND LANDSCAPE 3.19% 2.34% TOILE T STANDPIPE LANDSCAPE 72.09%

46 RAINWATER USAGE IN THE MORNING, AT NOON AND EVENING (Avg Daily Usage =2.1 m 3 ) RAINWATER USAGE IN THE MORNING FROM 8AM UNTIL 10AM VOLUME ( M3 ) MONDAY- 23/2/2009 TUESDAY- 24/2/2009 WEDNESDAY- 25/2/2009 THURSDAY- 26/2/2009 FRIDAY- 27/2/2009 DAY/DATE

47 RAINWATER USAGE IN THE MORNING, AT NOON AND EVENING (Avg Daily Usage =2.1 m 3 ) RAINWATER USAGE IN THE AFTERNOON FROM 11AM TO 12PM VOLUME ( M3 ) MONDAY- 23/2/2009 TUESDAY- 24/2/2009 WEDNESDAY- 25/2/2009 DAY/DATE THURSDAY- 26/2/2009 FRIDAY- 27/2/2009

48 RAINWATER USAGE IN THE MORNING, AT NOON AND EVENING (Avg Daily Usage =2.1 m 3 ) RAINWATER USAGE IN THE EVENING FROM 2PM UNTIL 4PM VOLUME ( M3 ) MONDAY- 2/2/2009 TUESDAY- 3/2/2009 WEDNESDAY- 4/2/2009 THURSDAY- 5/2/2009 FRIDAY- 6/2/2009 DAY/DATE

49 Treated Water Consumption (Before & After) 2006 Monthly Treated Water Consumption Usage (m3) January February March April May June July August Sept Bulan

50 TREATED WATER USAGE BEFORE & AFTER USE RWHS

51 CONCLUSION Design based on 14 dry days but historical data shows average dry days is 19 days Must consider climate change Reduction of Treated Water Usage by more than 50 %. However, saving is about RM 10 20/month. RM 120/year or 100 yr pay back period (Treated Water = 0.50/m3)

52 ACKNOLEDGEMENT JPS Saliran Bandar NAHRIM UMP UTM

53 THANK YOU