Bambang Prastowo

Transcription

1 Bambang Prastowo Biomass Asia Conference Kuala Lumpur Malaysia May 2013 Indo nesian Agency fo r Agriculture Research and Develo pm ent Ministry of Agriculture 2013 Science. Innovation. Network

2 Biomass solid and liquid biomass important biomass agric. residues and used in traditional/modern application picture : kusumo, 2013

3 agric. residues are used in traditional

4 Biomass solid and liquid biomass important biomass agric. residues and used in traditional/modern application biomass from rural and urban resources it is important to define source of biomass before calculating the potency is needed criteria

5 rural sector solid biomass : only crops residues agric/forest residues criteria : direct+indirectly do not disturb food security and environment

6 Food crops : food security > rice : only the husk, straw are for animal feed > corn : only corn cob, leaves are for animal feed > sugar : only bagasse, cane top are for animal feed Estate crops : environment consideration > ruber : only small log from replanting > palm oil : only EFB (half for compost/organic Forest : waste only fertilzer), shells bark are for animal feed

7 Zero Waste INOVASI Zero Cost picture : kusumo, 2013 SCIENCE. INNOVATION. NETWORKS

8 Palm oil : Empty fruit bunches and palm shells Coconut : Shell and fibre Ruber : Small log Sugar : Bagasse Rice : Husk Corn : Corncob

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10 70,000 Production of Energy Crops in Indonesia 60,000 50,000 40,000 x 1000 ton 30,000 20,000 Palm Oil Coconut Sugar Ruber Rice Corn 10,

11 Land Suitability Map for Energy Crops in Indonesia 5/4/2013 Las-BBSDLP 11

12 Land Suitability Map for Jaropha Curcas in Indonesia Land Suitability Map for Jaropha Curcas in Indonesia (1 : )

13 Area Prod. CPO Product ivit y : 8, 9 mill Ha : 22, 5 mill t on : 2-3 t / ha Empt y Fruit Bunch. : 23 % of prod (should be considered as pot biomass) ICECRD 2007

14 New jatropha curcas high yielding seed Jatropha CurcasHigh Yielding Seed have been Released in 2006, 2007, 2008 (4-6 t/ha & 6-8 t/ha & 10 t/ha) IP-1 A, IP2-A, IP-3 A for dry area, ICERD ICERD IP 1M,IP-2M, IP-3 for medium dry area, IP-1 P, IP-2P, IP-3 for wet area (should be considered as pot biomass)

15 The sago palm fields in Indonesia (mostly located in Papua) and estimated about 1.5 mill hectare Sago is a stapple food in certain area in Indonesia (should be considered as pot biomass)

16 47,763 ha 1,5 juta ha 638 ha grow scatterly with not so grow scatterly with not so large planted areas

17 Production of Energy Crops 2010 Energy Crops Planted Area Production ( x 1000 Ha ) ( x 1000 Ton ) Palm Oil 8,430 19,760 Coconut 3,808 3,266 Sugar 448 2,694 Ruber 3,445 2,591 Rice 12,147 66,411 Corn 4,131 18,327

18 Potency of Solid Agriculture Biomass 2010 Efective Residues Palm Oil Coconut Fruit empty bunches Palm shell Shell Fibre Planted Potency Energy Potency Area***) (x X 100 Energy mill 1000 Ha) MJ/Ha/Year *) GJ/year 8,430 32,8****) 6,5 3,808 9,6 12, Ruber Small log 3, **) Sugar Bagasse , Rice Husk 12,147 11, Corn Cob 4,131 17, Note : Potency of Solid Agr. Biomass *) ITB **) Rostiwati Silvi, Ministry of Forestry, 2011, calculated based on ZREU (2000) ***) Ministry of Agriculture (2011) ****) Assumed that 50% of empty fruit bunches is for organic fertilizer (compost)

19 Potency of Forest Solid Biomass 2010 Efective Biomass Residues Log cutting Residues Year Period Managed Forest Residues (Mill Ton/Year) Average People Forest Total Techinical Energy Potensial (mill GJ/year) Saw timber Wood industry Technical Energy Potensial of Solid Forest Biomass

20 Potency of Solid Biomass In Indonesia 2010 No Solid Biomass Residues Potency of Solid Biomass (Mill GJ/Year) 1 Agriculture Forestry Total picture : kusumo, 2013

21 Bambang Prastowo (2008), Availability BiomassConvertion Energy from Agriculture in Indonesia 2007 Pengembangan Tek eknologi Biofuel di Indonesia. Puslitban ng Perkebunan Biomass plays an important role for the energy sustainable development in Indonesia Zentrum fur Rationell Energienwendung und Unwel GmBH (ZREU, 2000) 470 mill GJ/yr B. Prastowo (2007) mill GJ/yr (excluded forest biomass residu and maize ) Commodity Palm oil Coconut Rubber Rice Sugarcane Sago Cattle Yield (mill GJ/yr) Biomass Residu (mill GJ/yr) Total ,92 G Watt (CF 82 %, from agric.only, bambang p)

22 NATIONAL ENERGY PRODUCTION AND RESERVES ENERGY TYPE TOTAL RESERVE PROVEN RESERVE PRODUCTION RATIO (Reserve/ Production) Oil and Gas 56.6 billion barrel 8.4 billion barrel *) 348 million barrel 24 Gas TSCF 165 TSCF 2.79 TSCF 59 Coal 90.5 billion ton 18.7 billion ton 201 million ton 93 Coal Bed Methane (CBM) 453 TSCF POTENTIAL INSTALLED CAPACITY Hydro Power GW 4200 MW Geothermal 27 GW 1,042 MW Mini/Micro-hydro 500 MW 210 MW Biomass GW 445 MW Solar Energy 4.8 kwh/m 2 /day 12 MW Wind Energy 3-6 m/sec 2 MW Note: As data in 2007, ESDM 30,92 G Watt (CF 82 %, from agric.only, bambang 22 p)

23 Potensial Solid Biomass that can be assessed : Palm oil Coconut Ruber Sugar Rice Corn Forest waste : Empty fruit bunches and palm shells : Shell and fibre : Small log : Bagasse : Husk : Corncob : Log cutting, saw timber wood industry

24 Agriculture residues is mill GJ/ year Forest waste is around mill GJ/ year or Totally is around mill GJ per year Solid biomass energy potensial are increasing along with production of energy crops in the last ten year, unfortunately its utilization is still very limited, that is around 3.25 %.

25 The actual readily feedstock (for liquid biofuel) from agriculture are mainly palm oil for biodiesel, sugarcane and cassava for bioetanol The nantional palm oil production recently is able to support the national target of biodiesel usage Otherwise, due to the lack of feedstocks, so the production of sugarcane and cassava are not able to support the national target of bioetanol usage

26 There are other potensial crops that usually produce non solid biomass energy in Indonesia and grow scatterly with not so large planted areas such as : physic nut or jatropha curcas, nyamplung (Calophyllum Inophyllum), candle nut, and also sugar palm, cassava, sago and sorgum

27 Solid biomass energy should be utilized in the country where the biomass were taken In the future, second generation biofuel have to be developed from the biomass to omit competition with food picture : kusumo, 2013

28 picture : kusumo, 2013 Science. Innovation. Network