The definition of waste as outlined in the EP Act defines waste as follows:

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1 14. Waste This Chapter addresses Section 4.6 of the ToR. It complements other Chapters of the EIS by providing technical details of waste treatment and minimisation, with proposed emission, discharge and disposal criteria, while other sections describe how those emissions, discharges and disposals would impact on the relevant environmental values. The purpose of this format is to concentrate the technical information on waste management into one section in order to facilitate its transfer into the EM Plan Description of Environmental Values This section describes the existing environment values that may be affected by the project s wastes. Reference to each of the waste streams described in section 3.6 is provided as well as reference to environmental values described in other sections of the EIS. Given the environmental values of the Southport Broadwater and Seaway, effective waste management will be an important aspect of any development in the area including the cruise ship terminal and marina precinct. The waste streams expected to be generated by each component of the Project are described fully in Section 8. An assessment of the potential environmental impacts of the wastes has been made and options for waste management aimed at protecting the environmental values are provided. The definition of waste as outlined in the EP Act defines waste as follows: Waste includes any thing, other than a resource approved under subsection (4) that is: (a) (b) Left over, or an unwanted by product, from an industrial, commercial, domestic or other activity; or Surplus to the industrial, commercial, domestic or other activity generating waste. The construction and operation of the Project must comply with relevant local, state, federal and international regulatory requirements regarding waste management and should aim to adopt best waste management practices and go beyond compliance where economically feasible options are identified. The user pays and polluter pays principles outlined in the Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Policy (2000) (EPP Waste) are central to the management of wastes from such developments. These principles are defined as follows: The polluter pays principle is the principle that all costs associated with the management of waste should, if practicable, be borne by the persons who generated the waste. The costs associated with the management of waste may include the costs of (a) Minimising the amount of waste generated; and (b) Containing, treating and disposing of waste; and (c) Rectifying environmental harm caused by waste. 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 1

2 The user pays principle is the principle that all costs associated with the use of a resource should, if practicable, be included in the prices of the goods and service The Project must comply with all regulations outlined in the EPP Waste, and adopt the objectives of the legislation into the project s waste management practices. Specifically minimising the impact of waste on the environment and manage waste under principals of ecologically sustainable development. With these principles in mind the waste management hierarchy which is also defined in the EPP Waste has been utilised as the basis for reviewing waste handling and management options for the Project. The hierarchy encourages waste to be managed in the following order of preference:» Waste avoidance;» Waste re use;» Waste recycling;» Energy recovery from waste; and» Waste disposal Potential Impacts Guidelines and Objectives for Waste Management The principal international convention which deals with the operational disposal of wastes from ships is the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973 (Amended 1978) known as MARPOL 73/78. This convention deals with all forms of waste disposal from ships except the disposal of land generated wastes (eg dredge spoil) by dumping and includes five technical Annexes as listed below:» Annex I: Regulation for the prevention of pollution by oil (2 October 1983)» Annex II: Regulations for the control of pollution by noxious liquid substances in bulk (6 April 1987)» Annex III: Regulations for the prevention of pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in packaged forms (1 July 1992)» Annex IV: Regulations for the prevention of pollution by sewage from ships (yet to be accepted internationally)» Annex V: Regulations for the prevention of pollution by garbage from ships (31 December 1988) Parties to the convention must cooperate in the detection of any violations and take action against violators. Australia is a full member of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) and a signatory to MARPOL 73/78 Annexes I, II, III, and V. Australia s jurisdiction and marine environmental responsibilities extends to the economic exclusion zone where the Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Act 1983 gives effect to the core provisions of the MARPOL 73/78 convention Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

3 The Commonwealth Quarantine Act 1908, and associated Quarantine Regulations 2000 are also of key importance. Specifically the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service (AQIS) has a program known as the AQIS Seaports Program which ensures that all vessels arriving in Australia from overseas comply with International Health Regulations and to ensure that all quarantine risk posed by the vessel is adequately managed, including those risks related to shipboard waste management. These regulations apply at all Australian ports and would therefore equally apply for a Cruise Ship terminal at The Spit. The requirements are achieved by:» Assessing the quarantine risk of each vessel entering Australian waters; and» Taking all action necessary to ensure that the vessel does not introduce any exotic pests and diseases as determined by the risk assessment. All vessels arriving in Australia from international waters are required to submit a Quarantine pre arrival report. In addition cruise liners are also required to submit an Additional Quarantine Pre Arrival Report for Cruise Liners and Navy Vessels Berthing Details. All cruise vessels are subject to a full quarantine inspection on arrival at their first Australian port of call. The inspection includes a check of the following:» Galley(s)/pantry(s)/provision stores(s);» Waste facilities;» Ballast water management; and» Any other relevant areas. All passengers and crew (both disembarking and day tripping) are also subject to quarantine clearance on arrival at the first and all subsequent ports of call in Australia. According to the AQIS Guidelines for Cruise Vessel Agents/Operators (September 2003), the following arrangements for waste management for visiting cruise ships apply at all Australian Ports:» All waste onboard the vessel will be deemed as quarantine waste and must be treated in accordance with AQIS regulations. Treatment and disposal of waste must also be in accordance with MARPOL regulations and requirements. The following requirements apply to all cruise vessel waste while in Australian ports and waters:» No waste may be removed from the vessel without AQIS supervision or approval from AQIS;» All waste must be made available for collection by an authorised collector of quarantine waste (this includes animal waste, organic refuse and galley scraps);» All waste must be maintained in a manner satisfactory to AQIS requirements any vessel waste on deck must be secured so that it is inaccessible to birds or animals (bagged in secured lidded bins);» Any arrangements for segregation of waste must be approved by AQIS; and» Galley grinders and swing bins must not be used within 12 nautical miles of the Australian coast. 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 3

4 In addition to the international and national conventions, legislation and regulations, waste management in ports, harbours, marinas and shipping terminals in Queensland, at state level is governed by the following legislation:» Environmental Protection Act (1994)» Environmental Protection (Water) Policy (1997)» Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Policy (2000)» Environmental Protection (Waste Management) Regulation (2000)» Transport Operations (Marine Pollution) Act (1995)» Transport Operations (Marine Pollution) Regulation (1995) Specifically in Queensland, the Transport Operations (Marine Pollution) Act (1995) gives effect to the Annexures I, II, III and V of MARPOL 73/78 where Part 10 of the act only enables the Queensland government to issue a directive to establish or have established by an owner occupier of a port, terminal or establishment, facilities for the receipt or disposal of residues of ships as well as maintain the facility to enable ships to dispose of residues. The act prohibits the disposal of oils, garbage, harmful substances, noxious liquids and sewage in coastal waters. The Australian Marine Safety Authority (AMSA) is responsible for the application and enforcement of MARPOL 73/78 in areas of Commonwealth jurisdiction, that is to the limit of the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone. State government is responsible for coastal waters up to three nautical miles (5.5km) offshore Cruise Ship Waste Impacts Modern cruise ships all contain onboard waste management systems. The following outlines the major components of a common waste management system manufactured by Deerberg on a 2500 passenger ship, which is common for travel in South Pacific and South East Asian waters:» Biological sewage plants x 4;» Waste Pulpers;» Dry waste shredders;» Multi chamber incinerators x 2; and» Glass waste crushers. There are other manufacturers who produce similar integrated systems such as Scanship Engineering, whilst other ships contain a number of individual components packaged in a manner suiting the ships operation. These systems are present on all ships, minimise the need to discharge solid and liquid waste from ships, and allows for the onboard storage of wastes that cannot be discharged at sea. Typically, residual waste materials are offloaded only at a ships home port. Since the cruise ship terminal portion of the Project will not be classed as a home port, ships will not be permitted to offload solid or liquid wastes whilst in port. Consequently it is considered likely that the solid waste handling requirements associated with the cruise ship operation will be 14 4 Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

5 limited to facilities required for reception of waste generated through quarantine operations from those passengers and crew either disembarking or leaving the ship for day trips. An inventory of the likely waste materials to be generated by the operation of the marina is provided in Table Marina Waste Impacts An inventory of the likely waste materials to be generated by the operation of the marina is provided in Table It is considered likely that types and quantities of such wastes will vary greatly with the operation of the marina facility as a result it is not possible to provide an estimation of the quantity of these wastes at this point. 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 5

6 Table 14 1 Ship Board Waste Inventory Waste Material Typical Quantities Description Source Potential Impact(s) Typical Management/ Handling Procedure Liquid Waste Bilge Water 25,000 gallons/week 1 (94,500 litres) 13,500 26,000 litres/day 3 Collective term used to describe liquids and waste water collected in the bottom of a ship (hull). Can contain oils, dispersants, detergents, solvents, chemicals and various suspended materials. May have high BOD, COD. Various operational sources such as water lubricated shaft seals, propulsion system cooling, evaporators and other machinery operation and maintenance, spills etc. Toxicity to marine fauna and flora if concentrated. Processed prior to discharge to remove oil residues such that oil content of effluent <15 ppm 2 and no visible sheen left on water. This applies for discharge enroute and outside of designated special areas greater than 12 nautical miles from shore. In port discharge to shore side bunker or tanker. Sludge removal from treatment process in port. Ballast Water Dependent on ship size Water used to maintain stability of ship. Has been found in some ports to contain foreign marine species Ocean water. Release of non indigenous species (plants, animals, pathogens, bacteria) Exchange in international waters only. Note that cruise ships require less ballast water exchange compared to cargo ships due to more constant load Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

7 Waste Material Typical Quantities Description Source Potential Impact(s) Typical Management/ Handling Procedure Sewage (Grey Water) Typical cruise ship generates an estimated 1 million gallons (approx. 3.8 ML) of grey water on a one week voyage 1. Drainage from dishwasher, shower, laundry, bath, and washbasin drains as well as galley water. Contains contaminants such as detergents, cleaners, oil and grease, metals, pesticides and medical and dental wastes. Waste water that is generally incidental to the operation of the ship Potential to cause adverse environmental effects because measured concentrations and estimated loadings of nutrients and oxygen demanding substances are significant. Discharge at sea or within port via local bunkering services. ICCL members discharge grey water only while ship is not in port and greater than 4 nautical miles from shore (or other distances as agreed with authorities having jurisdiction) or provided by local law except in emergency or where geographically limited 2. Sewage (Black Water) Typical cruise ship generates an estimated 210,000 gallons (approx. 0.8 ML) of sewage on a one week voyage 1. More concentrated than domestic sewage due to minimal volume of water used for sanitary purposes. May contain chemicals and deodorizers used in marine sanitation devices (MSDs) including chlorine, quaternary ammonia and formaldehyde. Waste from toilets, urinals, medical sinks, and other similar facilities. Degradation of marine environment by pathogens and nutrients. Nutrient loading and oxygen demands are typically significant. High nutrient content leads to excessive algal growth which may impact on benthic communities which may inturn have flow on effects throughout the food web. Cruise line industry policy is to discharge treated black water only when underway and not while in port 5. ICCL members process black water through MSD s, prior to discharge and that discharge will only take place when ships are more than 4 miles from shore and when the ship is travelling at a speed not less than 6 knots 2. Loss of visual amenity leading to decreased use of water bodies. 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 7

8 Waste Material Typical Quantities Description Source Potential Impact(s) Typical Management/ Handling Procedure Photo processing waste (hazardous) A 3000 passenger ship may generate approximately 15 gallons (56.78 litres) of photo processing chemicals per day 5. Several waste streams associated with photo processing operations including spent fixer, spent cartridges, expired film and silver flakes. Photographic fixer removes unexposed silver compounds from the film during the development process. The spent fixer can have up to ppm of silver. Photographic processing and x ray development. Silver binds to sediment and is transported to coastal waters through sedimentation. Toxic to both marine and freshwater fish and can cause death or reproductive failure in fish, shellfish, and other marine organisms. Bioaccumulation. ICCL member lines eliminate discharge of silver from these sources into the marine environment. Use of best available technology to reduce the silver content of the waste stream below levels specified in the prevailing regulations 2. Treating all photo processing and x ray development fluid waste (treated or untreated) as hazardous waste and landing ashore in accordance with RCRA requirements 2. Dry Cleaning waste (hazardous) Up to 5 gallons (11 litres) of PERC weekly 1. Approximately 2 pounds (0.907 kg ) weekly 2. Typically 3000 passengers and crew generate approximately 1.5 gallons (6 litres) per day 5. Shipboard dry cleaning units typically use a chlorinated solvent called perchlorethylene (also known as PERC or tetrachloroethylene) as a dry cleaning fluid. Waste comprises of dirt, oils, filter material and spent solvent. Dry cleaning units produce small volumes of waste from condensate, the bottoms of internal recovery stills, waste products from button and lint trap, spent PERC and filter media. PERC is listed as a hazardous waste that can cause cancer and birth defects in humans. Also suggested that small amounts of PERC in water have been shown to be toxic to marine fauna. ICCL member lines have agreed to prevent discharge of PERC fluid, sludge, contaminated filter materials and other dry cleaning waste by products into the environment 2. PERC are hazardous wastes and are therefore landed ashore in accordance with requirements of RCRA 2. Print Shop Waste Fluids (hazardous) Unknown and dependent upon Printing solvents, inks, and cleaners all may contain hydrocarbons, chlorinated Print shop activities. Harmful to humans and aquatic organisms. ICCL member lines prevent discharge of hazardous wastes from printing 14 8 Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

9 Waste Material Typical Quantities Description Source Potential Impact(s) Typical Management/ Handling Procedure Solid Waste activities hydrocarbons and heavy metals. materials and cleaning chemicals to the environment 2. Storage on board (in leak proof containers) for disposal/treatment ashore as hazardous when using chlorinated solvents. Non toxic inks and non chlorinated solvents, can be handled as non hazardous 2. Non hazardous solid wastes Average cruise passenger generates two pounds (0.907 kg) of dry trash and disposes of two bottles and two cans per day 2. Glass, paper, cardboard, plastics and other packaging products, aluminium and steel cans. Passenger and crew generated waste. Much of the waste is not readily biodegradable or is not biodegradable. Marine mammals, fish, sea turtles and birds can be injured or killed from entanglement or ingestion. Minimise quantity through purchasing practices, reuse and recycling programs 2. Waste is landed ashore or incinerated onboard in approved shipboard incinerators 2. Typically 75 85% of the non hazardous solid waste is incinerated 5. Any waste that is discharged at sea in strict accordance with MARPOL and any other prevailing requirements 2. Noting that overboard disposal of plastics is prohibited in all waters 2. Incinerator Ash Varying amounts. Non hazardous solid waste incinerator ash. Incineration of nonhazardous solid waste. Possibly containing hazardous waste where hazardous waste has been commingled with nonhazardous waste for Reduce the production of incinerator ash by minimising the generation of waste and maximising 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 9

10 Waste Material Typical Quantities Description Source Potential Impact(s) Typical Management/ Handling Procedure incineration. recycling opportunities. 2 Discharge of incinerator ash containing hazardous components will be prevented through a program of waste segregation and periodic ash testing. 2 Non hazardous incinerator ash may be disposed of at sea in accordance with MARPOL Annex V 2 Fluorescent and Mercury Vapour Lamp Bulbs (hazardous) Varying amounts. Bulbs contain small amounts of mercury. Lamp bulbs throughout the ship. Can be toxic to marine plant and animal species as well as human health Collected and process onboard by lamp crusher units and disposed on land. Mercury vapours filtered and adsorbed by HEPA and activated carbon 2. Collected intact and landed for recycling or disposal 2. Batteries (hazardous) Varying amounts. Lead acid, nickel cadmium, lithium and alkaline batteries. Stand by generators are main source of large lead acid batteries. Can be toxic to marine plant and animal species as well as human health Spent batteries are collected and returned for recycling and/or disposal 2. All are hazardous with the exception of alkaline batteries. Small batteries used in torches and by passengers in personal electronics or devices account for the remainder. Discarded batteries are isolated from the refuse waste stream to prevent potentially toxic materials from inappropriate disposal 2. Photo copying and laser printer cartridges (hazardous Unknown and dependent upon activities Waste cartridges, inks and toner materials. Print shop activities. May contain chemicals which are harmful to humans and aquatic organisms. Stored on board for shore treatment or disposal. No disposal to marine environment. Where Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

11 Waste Material Typical Quantities Description Source Potential Impact(s) Typical Management/ Handling Procedure contents) possible all are returned to manufacturer for credit, recycling or refilling 2. Unused and outdated pharmaceuticals (hazardous) Varying amounts. Pharmaceuticals ranging from over the counter products to prescription drugs. Pharmaceuticals which are off specification or which have exceeded their shelf life. On board pharmacy and medical services. Return stocks to vendor 2. Appropriately destroying narcotic pharmaceuticals onboard ship in a manner that is witnessed and recorded 2. Table 14 2 Marina Operational Wastes Waste materials Source Description Potential impacts Solid Wastes General, nonhazardous solid wastes Glass, paper, cardboard, plastics and other packaging products, aluminium and steel cans. General waste materials from boat operation and berthing. Not readily biodegradable or not biodegrade at all. Marine mammals, fish, sea turtles and birds can be injured or killed from entanglement or ingestion. Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater Galley waste Food waste from vessel galleys. Food scraps and general kitchen waste from vessels. High nutrients content. Attract rodents and birds, source of excess nutrients within marina waters. Visual impacts on surrounding environment. Batteries Lead acid, nickel cadmium, lithium and Generators main source of large lead acid Can be toxic to marine plant and animal 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 11

12 Waste materials Source Description Potential impacts alkaline batteries. batteries. Small batteries used in torches, personal electronics or devices account for the remainder. species and human health Fluorescent and Mercury Vapour Lamp Bulbs Bulbs contain small amounts of mercury. Lamp bulbs. Can be toxic to marine plant and animal species as well as human health Paint Chips, Sandings etc Boat maintenance and repair. Lead used in fuel as an additive released through exhausts and boat bilge water discharges. Toxicity to marine life via water and sediment. Metallic elements shown to bioaccumulate. Compounds of copper and tin used in antifouling paints and zinc is used to prevent corrosion. Liquid Waste Bilge Water Various onboard operational sources, maintenance, spills etc. Collective term used to describe liquids and waste water collected in the bottom of a vessel (hull). Can contain oils, dispersants, detergents, solvents, chemicals and various suspended materials. Toxicity to marine fauna and flora if concentrated. Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater. Ballast Water Ocean water. Water used to maintain stability of vessel. Taken on board as the vessel consumes fuels, discharge wastewater or unload cargo, and discharge when they take on fuel or cargo. Has been found in some ports to contain foreign marine species. Release of non indigenous species (plants, animals, pathogens, bacteria). Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater. Sewage (grey water) Drainage from dishwasher, shower, laundry, bath, and washbasin drains as well as galley water. Waste water that is generally incidental to the operation of the vessel. Degradation of marine environment by pathogens and nutrients. Nutrient loading and oxygen demands are typically significant. May contains detergents, cleaners, oil and grease, metals, pesticides and medical and Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

13 Waste materials Source Description Potential impacts dental wastes. Sewage (black water) Waste from toilets, urinals, medical sinks, and other similar facilities. More concentrated than domestic sewage due to minimal volume of water used for sanitary purposes. May contain chemicals and deodorizers used in marine sanitation devices (MSDs) including chlorine, quaternary ammonia and formaldehyde. Degradation of marine environment by pathogens and nutrients. Toxicity to marine fauna and potential bioaccumulation of contaminants. Potential algal blooms caused by excessive nutrients. Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater. Waste Oil Motors, engines etc Waste oil from motor/engine maintenance or repair whilst in berth. Toxicity to marine life via water and sediment. Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater. Fuels (petroleum hydrocarbons) Boat operation, maintenance and repair (including engine maintenance and repair), fuelling station. Waste fuels and oils from boat operation and maintenance, these compounds may also contain lead. Toxicity to marine and terrestrial flora and fauna via water and sediment. Pollution of waterways and loss of visual amenity if discharge to the Broadwater. Surplus Paints Boat maintenance and repair Solvents and thinners used in paints, which may be utilised in small scale boat maintenance. Compounds of copper and tin used in antifouling paints and zinc is used to prevent corrosion. Other chemicals Boat operation, maintenance and repair. Solvents, acids/alkalis and detergents. Enter surface water through spillage and controlled stormwater. Toxicity to marine life via water and sediment. Metallic elements shown to bioaccumulate. Toxicity to marine and terrestrial flora and fauna. Visual amenity issues with release to Broadwater. 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 13

14 14.3 Recommended Management Measures Cruise Ship and Terminal Australian Quarantine requirements Guidelines for cruise vessel agents / operators (September 2003) indicate specific passenger clearance requirements for both disembarking and day tripping passengers, which are as follows; Disembarking passengers All disembarking passengers must complete an Australian Incoming Passenger Card and declare and items of quarantine concern. Passengers temporarily leaving the vessel for day tours may be inspected / screened by x ray, detector dogs or examined by quarantine officers Day Tripping Passengers All day tripping passengers will be subject to quarantine clearance and must present their hand luggage for inspection if required. Passengers temporarily leaving the vessel for day tours may be inspected/ screened by x ray, detector dogs or quarantine officers. Day tripping passengers should also be reminded that no food is permitted to leave the vessel only bottled drinking water is allowed. Quarantine wastes should be segregated from all other wastes and contained in an authorised manner prior to disposal. Specifically the following is recommended in relation to quarantine waste for reception facilities:» Quarantine waste may be stored provided the storage area is secured and the containers are permanently marked and securely covered and bunded to effectively prevent spillage or access by birds or animals;» The quarantine waste may only be removed to an approved quarantine waste disposal area by a contractor who has been authorised by the Chief Quarantine Officer of the state; and» Records of type and quantity of quarantine waste should be kept as specified by legislation and reflected in the Waste Management Plan Outdoor Public Area Wastes Typical management of the outdoor area wastes would include the provision of sufficient waste and recycling receptacles. Separate receptacles should be made available for recyclables and should be clearly labelled and signposted. Any green waste from maintenance should be reused or recycled through collection and disposal at an appropriate offsite reception facility or onsite mulching and reuse for landscaping purposes. Collection of waste materials from outdoor areas would either be through inclusion in Council collection runs or a private collection contract Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

15 Office Based Waste (excluding Quarantine Waste) Management of office based waste can be achieved through simple techniques and by adhering the waste management hierarch of avoidance, reuse, recycle and disposal. The impacts of office based waste can be minimised by having a specific office waste management plan which details strategies for avoidance, reuse and recycling. An office based waste management strategy may facilitate the implementation of efficient office practices such as:» Minimising paper use double sided printing, electronic mail, think before you print;» Using recycled products where possible recycled paper, toner/printing cartridges;» Minimising the use of plastic wrapping/packaging;» Avoiding the use of disposable food/beverage containers/cutlery;» Recycling paper, printer/toner cartridges, plastics, office equipment. Staff should be encouraged to follow the waste minimisation strategy and suitable receptacles and procedures should be developed so as to capitalise on the reuse and recycling opportunities within the office environment. Office based wastes can either be collected by arrangement with Gold Coast City Council (for a fee) or with an agreement/contract with a private contractor Marina Facilities The waste facilities at the marina, should be able to receive MARPOL 73/78 Annex V wastes (garbage) and Annex I wastes (waste oils and oily mixtures) as well as being capable of handling any other wastes in the quantities that would normally be handled or discharged (ie by approximately 345 marina berths including 50 super yacht berths). Management options for the wastes are described below. These options, in the absence of any specific guidelines for marinas within Queensland have been based on the ANZECC Strategy to Protect the Marine Environment Best Practice Guidelines for Waste Reception Facilities at Ports, Marinas and Boat Harbours in Australia and New Zealand and also make reference to Victorian EPA Cleaner Marinas: EPA Guidelines for Protecting Victorias Marinas General (Non Quarantine) Solid Waste» For general solid wastes (including galley waste) specific receptacles are required. The location of which should be accessible to both client and removal contractor. Typically mobile garbage bins at the end of each pier of the marina would be required. The sizing of bins would be dependent on the contractor, however would be likely to be one of the following: 1 m 3 steel skip bins 240 L mobile garbage bin ( wheelie bin )» Receptacles for all types of waste received at the facility should be available and clearly labelled and sign posted. Furthermore waste storage areas should be designed so that 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 15

16 wind and vermin including birds and animals cannot cause spreading of waste and disease.» Additional facilities should be provided for recycling and/or reuse of suitable materials such as glass, aluminium, paper and batteries. Either of the following may be appropriate: Centralised recycling area, where marina users segregate their recyclable material; Co location with general solid waste (garbage) bins. This can include split bins or a separate receptacle for recyclables;» Spare bins should be available to ensure there is always additional backup capacity;» Procedures should be put in place with the waste collection contractor for unscheduled collection in the event that receptacles become full; and» People who have caught fish should be encouraged to take fish home to clean, or clean them at appropriate facilities. Where facilities are provided, fish waste should be collected regularly to avoid odour issues Quarantine Waste» A designated secure area and/or receptacles shall be required for wastes classified as quarantine wastes. The quarantine waste shall be collected for offsite management (disposal or incineration) in accordance with federal legislation;» Quarantine wastes require receptacles that are permanently marked with the word quarantine printed in black 15 mm high on a yellow background and securely covered to effectively prevent the spillage of material and access by birds or animals; and» The facility should have suitable processes to clean the receptacle after collection of quarantined waste and handle any wastes produced by the cleaning process Liquid Waste The provision of liquid waste reception facilities should consider the following:» Type of liquid waste being received, any risks associated with storage combinations of liquid wastes, segregation where necessary;» Use of standard fittings with adaptors;» Treatment or disposal methods;» Transport access; and» Statutory approvals to store and operate. In addition reception facilities for sewage specifically need to consider the following:» Type of sewage, namely; septic sewage, sullage, galley waste, chemical toilet sewage, grey water, sludge from anaerobic treatment systems;» Frequency of use and necessary capacity;» Constraints of the receiving sewage and treatments systems such as maximum delivery rates;» Limitations of sewage transfer such as pump capacity and pumping rates; Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0

17 » Minimisation of odour release to the surrounding environment;» Protection from accidental spillage during waste transfer; and» Provisions of a freshwater hose for flushing out vessel sewage holding tanks. A number of options are available for the reception of liquid waste (including sewage) at the marina, including;» Direct discharge of sewage to onsite storage tanks in a centralised location via the use of pumping systems for treatment or storage prior to discharge or removal by a private waste contractor. In addition this should include a centralised recycling station for waste oil, bilge & grey water, solvents & thinners;» Discharge directly to the local sewage system; and» Direct removal by a waste disposal contractor from the producing vessel (which is the most common method for super yachts). A combination of these options is likely to required, which may involve direct removal by a waste disposal contractor to a tanker for super yachts and removal to storage/treatment facilities for the majority all other visiting vessels. For non sewage liquid waste typical treatment includes a settling tank or pit which may double as a flow equalisation tank, followed by a corrugated plate interceptor then a filter designed to suit the waste type. Discharge may be to sewer or via a private waste contractor Additional Provisions for Boat Maintenance, Repair and Cleaning Boat maintenance, repair and cleaning should be conducted wherever possible in a designated area so as to optimally manage associated solid and liquid wastes. The following guidelines are provided as a means to minimise environmental impacts associated with wastes from maintenance, repair and cleaning:» Maintenance work should be performed inside buildings or under cover when possible, to reduce contamination to stormwater;» All maintenance activities should be performed over impenetrable surfaces that are properly drained to a collection pot to prevent material entering the water;» Waste including general rubbish, sandings, paint chips and paint cans should be cleaned up immediately after use and placed in the appropriate bins for disposal. Wastes should be contained in covered bins for disposal by a licensed waste contractor;» Abrasive blast cleaning should be performed within spray booths or suitable enclosures so all wastes and residues can be contained, collected and properly disposed of (it is noted that abrasive blasting is not anticipated as part of the Notional Seaway Project). Vacuum sanders and grinders should be used to minimise potentially polluting dust when possible;» Boat cleaning should be performed in a way to minimise release of marine organisms or harmful paints fall into waters;» Washing of hulls on land by mechanical scraping is preferred to pressure washers to minimise carriage of waterborne contaminants. High pressure wash guns produce 41/15762/09/ R0 Notional Seaway Project 14 17

18 wastewater contaminated with marine organisms, hull paint and fragments of hull material. They must be used only where proper collection, treatment and disposal facilities are provided;» Bio degradable cleaning products are preferred. The use of cleaning compounds should be minimised and discharges into water prohibited; and» Bilge water shall not be discharged to the Broadwater, it shall be handled in the same manner as other onboard waste waters Additional Provisions for Chemical Control The appropriate control of chemicals at the marina will minimise the need for chemical waste disposal. The following is recommended:» Chemicals should be kept in a secure area and each container labelled clearly to make disposal and possible recycling easier;» Areas used for storage of liquid materials must be bunded to contain spills;» Recycling of chemicals such as oils and solvents should be encouraged with remaining unwanted chemicals disposed of at an appropriately licensed facility;» Non regulated waste can be disposed of via normal waste collections;» A spill plan should be developed and appropriate spill response equipment stored and kept easily accessible; and» Appropriate legislative requirements in relation to the use and storage of chemicals should be adhered to in the design and operation of the marina area Notional Seaway Project 41/15762/09/ R0