Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT EROSION CONTROL MATTING ON SLOPES December 2012 Detail 21

Transcription

1 Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT EROSION CONTROL MATTING ON SLOPES 8288 December 2012 Detail 21

2 Representation Only CRITERIA FOR IMPLEMENTATION Use locally salvaged logs to secure slopes and provide planting sites at locations where erosion is a concern and where shrub plantings are required for restoration on non-agricultural lands. Notes: 1. Sites where staked logs are to be installed on steep slopes or exposed sites will be selected by the Environmental Inspector. When feasible, sites will be selected prior to clearing and suitable local logs will be salvaged and stockpiled for later use. 2. Install staked logs during clean-up or reclamation phase. Where feasible, use a backhoe to cut a step into the slope and push in a line of wood stakes. Stakes should be long enough, and sturdy enough, to support the logs. 3. If necessary, the logs may be secured to the stakes using biodegradable rope. 4. Create a pocket immediately upslope of the horizontally staked logs. The pocket can be backfilled with topsoil and used to install live shrub stakes. 5. Where the planting pocket is required for rooted plugs or salvaged plantings, line the pocket with biodegradable fabric (burlap or coir). Bring the fabric over the top log. Fill the lined pocket with topsoil and tamp down. Install plants in pockets as recommended by the Environmental Inspector. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT EROSION CONTROL STAKED LOGS 8288 December 2012 Detail 22

3 Notes: Representation Only 1. Watercourses that have moderate to high sensitivity of fish habitat and/or have steep approach slopes at the proposed crossings may need silt fences during construction, as determined by the Environmental Inspector. 2. Install silt fences at the base of approach slopes to watercourses following clearing and grading using the method and materials above or other approved designs. 3. Ensure silt fence is keyed into the substrate. Excavate a narrow trench, place the base of the silt fence in the trench and place the fill back into the trench, securing the silt fence in place. 4. Place silt fences a minimum 2 m, if feasible, from the toe of the slope in order to increase ponding volume. 5. Inspect temporary erosion control structures on a daily basis and repair, if warranted, before the end of each working day. Remove silt/debris accumulation on regular basis. 6. Maintain silt fences in place at the base of the approach slopes until revegetation of the right-of-way is complete. 7. In areas with frequent traffic, install two or more silt fences in a staggered and overlapped configuration to allow vehicle passage without removal or opening of the silt fence. 8. Install silt fences, where warranted, to eliminate the flow of sediment from clean spoil piles and disturbed areas into nearby wetlands. Inspect and maintain silt fences as per point 5 above. 9. Remove any sediment barriers around wetlands that remain after the disturbed area is revegetated and the area is stable. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT INSTALLING SILT FENCE 8288 December 2012 Detail 23

4 Notes: Representation Only 1. Construct straw bale filters to contain excavated instream spoil so that silty runoff does not enter watercourse or flow off right-of-way. 2. Use straw bale filters on long unprotected slopes to prevent surface erosion from entering watercourse. 3. Where several lines of bales are installed on a slope in a more permanent application, erosion will be reduced if the top of the downslope bale is on the same level as the bottom of the next line up. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT INSTALLING STRAW BALES 8288 December 2012 Detail 24a

5 Representation Only Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT INSTALLING STRAW BALES 8288 December 2012 Detail 24b

6 Representation Only Notes: 1. Build a shoo-fly, if feasible, to reduce disturbance along the construction right-of-way as directed by the Enbridge Construction Manager in consultation with the Environmental Inspector. 2. Stake and clear additional temporary workspace for material storage, if necessary. 3. Salvage topsoil from areas of the construction right-of-way to be graded. 4. Make the cut on the high side of the right-of-way and place the grade spoil on the low side of the right-of-way. Install the pipe in the cut, not in the fill. Note: to do this, the direction of work may need to be reversed along the sidehill slope. 5. Employ erosion control measures such as trench breakers and subdrains, if warranted. 6. Leave breaks in the trench crown at frequent intervals on sidehill sloped terrain. 7. Use a backhoe to assist dozers with replacing cuts. Do not trespass off construction right-of-way. Recontour to a 1:3 grade unless otherwise directed by a Geotechnical Resource Specialist. 8. Replace topsoil on disturbed areas of the construction right-of-way. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT SIDEHILL GRADING 8288 December 2012 Detail 25

7 Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) Representation Only Notes: 1. Install diversion berms and cross ditches on moderate to steep slopes on tame pasture, treed, treed-pasture and native prairie in order to prevent run-off along the construction right-of-way and possible subsequent erosion. Install berms immediately downslope of trench breakers to collect seepage forced to the surface. 2. Skew berm across the right-of-way at downhill gradient of 5-10%. 3. Construct berms of subsoil capped with topsoil where grading has occurred or extensive disturbance to the sod layer has occurred. Diversion berms can also be constructed of approved timbers, imported logs or sandbags where disturbance of the sod layer is limited. Avoid use of organic material. Where native material is highly erodible, protect upslope of berm and base of cross ditch by burying a geotextile liner cm below the surface or armour upslope face of berm with earth-filled sand bags, clean granular material, or coir matting, etc. 4. Typical diversion berm height and widths are approximately 0.75 m. Inspect berms after heavy rains and the first spring following construction; replace or restore berms, if warranted. 5. Leave a break in trench crown immediately upslope of diagonal berm and cross ditch to allow passage of water across the right-ofway. 6. Use diagonal berms and cross ditch where direction of slope and surface water movement is oblique to pipeline right-of-way. 7. Use herringbone berm and cross ditch where direction of slope and surface water movement is parallel to right-of-way so runoff does not cross ditchline. 8. Determine location and direction of berm based on local topography and drainage patterns. 9. Typical diversion berm spacing is indicated below. Slope Gradient ( o ;%) Typical Spacing (m) Erosion Hazard* Typical Spacing (feet) Erosion Hazard* <7; <12 7; 12 8; 14 9; 16 11; 19 14; 25 18; 33 27; 51 High Medium Low 60 or more High Medium Low 200 or more * High = fine sand silts; medium = clays and coarse sands; low = rock or gravel. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT CROSS DITCHES AND BERMS 8288 December 2012 Detail 26

8 Notes: Representation Only 1. Install trench breakers, where warranted, on moderate and steep slopes to control water seepage along the trench line and prevent erosion of backfill materials. 2. Trench breakers may be constructed using earth filled sacks, foam, bentonite or equivalent materials to provide a barrier to water seepage. 3. The drawings above provide a schematic representation of trench breaker installation. Final locations and design of trench breakers will be determined by the Enbridge Construction Manager, in consultation with the Environmental Inspector and/or Project Engineer, based on site specific conditions at the time of construction. 4. Dig keys into trench bottom and sides to the extent feasible for added stability. 5. Install a prefabricated drain or a layer of sand or gravel covered with filter cloth over the breaker, where required. 6. Mark the location of each breaker prior to backfilling with native material to facilitate correct placement of diversion berm immediately downslope of the breaker. Diversion berms are not always required when there is little to no slope after the trench breaker. 7. Ensure cross ditches are located over the end of the drain. 8. Construct diversion berms downslope from the breaker but not over the end of the drain. 9. Ensure that trench crown does not encroach upon the breaker drain or cross ditch. 10. Backfill trench on downslope side of breaker before upslope side. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT TRENCH BREAKERS / DITCH PLUGS 8288 December 2012 Detail 27

9 Representation Only Notes: 1. Install sack breakers, where warranted, within the trench and back from the edge of watercourse to prevent erosion of backfill material. 2. Install trench breakers, where warranted, at the edge of perched wetlands to prevent the pipe trench from acting as a drain. 3. Place breaker as close as feasible to the watercourse / wetland bank but within the upland area and as recommended by the Environmental Inspector. 4. Determine the location of trench breakers by onsite investigation considering the potential for subsurface flow, erodibility of backfill material and degree of slope. 5. Fill sacks with earth, clay, sand or a cement/sand mixture. 6. Dig keys into trench bottom and sides for added stability. 7. Place and interlock sacks by hand around the pipe to top of the trench. 8. Mark the location of trench breakers prior to backfilling. 9. Backfill native material above and below trench breaker. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT TRENCH BREAKERS WATERCOURSE / WETLAND 8288 December 2012 Detail 28

10 Representation Only Notes: 1. Install subdrains to divert shallow groundwater flow away from the pipeline and improve slope stability. 2. Clean gravel and a filter cloth ditch liner permit drainage aiding in retention of backfill. 3. Install trench breaker downslope of drain, where drains cross the pipeline trench, to prevent drain water flowing down pipe trench. 4. Determine the location of drain by onsite investigation considering such factors as groundwater conditions in trench, soil types, local topography and drainage patterns. Discharge may either be off right-of-way on the downslope side of the subdrain (see Subdrain Exit "A"), or on the construction right-of-way downslope of the berm (see Subdrain Exit "B"). Special permission will be required from the appropriate regulatory authority and landowner to construct a subdrain exit off right-of-way. Ensure discharge is into a well protected area with gravel, rip rap or vegetation. 5. Skew cross drain 5 off horizontal to ensure sufficient drainage. 6. A geotechnical engineer should be consulted for the detailed site specific drain design and the incorporation of the trench breaker. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT SUBDRAINS 8288 December 2012 Detail 29

11 Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT SPRING CLEAN-UP 8288 December 2012 Detail 30a

12 Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT SPRING CLEAN-UP 8288 December 2012 Detail 30b

13 CRITERIA FOR IMPLEMENTATION Seed mixes (see tables below) will be seeded at locations indicated on the Environmental Alignment Sheets, unless otherwise requested by landowners or land authority. Notes: 1. Species cultivars, where applicable, will be determined at the time of procurement based on availability and suitability as determined by Enbridge. 2. Native seed species will be obtained from local sources to the extent feasible. 3. All seed mixes must have Certificates of Analysis for weed and undesirable species content, and germination tests for each lot of each species in the mix. 4. Certificates of Analysis for all seed lots will be reviewed by Enbridge prior to purchase. Any lot with unacceptable weed contamination or viability will be rejected. 5. Seed mix species that are unavailable in sufficient quantity or quality at a reasonable cost as determined by Enbridge at the time of procurement will be eliminated from the mix and the proportions of other species in the mix increased. 6. Drill seeding will be used on all segments to be seeded with the exception of slopes which are too steep to safely operate the tractor and seed drill, areas too wet to access with a tractor and seed drill without causing rutting and poor seed placement, stony areas which could cause damage to the equipment or impede the ability of the drill to properly place the seed, and any other areas which cannot be feasibly reached with the seed drill. 7. Broadcast seeding will be used on noncultivated lands where drill seeding cannot be conducted. 8. All seed drills and broadcast seeders will be calibrated for each seed mix using the manufacturer's recommended procedures; alternate calibration procedures may be used if approved by the Environmental Inspectors. 9. The seeding contractor will develop appropriate seeding procedures to ensure even distribution of all species in each seed mix and have these procedures approved by the Environmental Inspector. This may involve, but not be limited to: using seed box agitators to prevent stratification of large and small seeds; seeding large and small seed species from separate seed boxes, or in separate passes with the seeder; or using an inert filler agent with the seed mix. 10. Seeding depth with seed drills will be 1-2 cm in fine textured soils and 1-3 cm in sandy soils. 11. Where site and safety conditions allow, broadcast seed will be harrowed into a depth of 1-3 cm, using standard agricultural harrows or other approved equipment. Harrowing will be conducted immediately following broadcasting. Steep slopes that cannot be safely harrowed will be hand raked, if feasible, to incorporate seed. 12. Only the salvaged or cultivated width of the construction right-of-way will be seeded with minimal overlap onto undisturbed areas. Swing-out passes will be made to seed scalped areas adjacent to the cultivated portion as needed. 13. Complete coverage of the stripped area will be ensured by using a sufficient number of passes. Damage to the native sod adjacent to the disturbed portion of the construction right-of-way will be avoided. 14. Broadcast seeding will be delayed during high wind conditions, as directed by the Environmental Inspector. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT SEED MIXES 8288 December 2012 Detail 31a

14 SEED MIXES Native Seed Mixes Riparian Areas With No Woody Plant Installation Treed / Treed-Pasture Lands Native Prairie Seed Mix #1 %WT Seed Mix #2 %WT Seed Mix #3 %WT slender/awned wheatgrass 40% slough grass 25% fringed brome 35% Broadcast Seed at 20kg/ha Note: A cover crop to be seeded separately. See Seed Mix #11. fringed brome 25% Canada wild rye 20% green needle grass 20% slender/awned wheatgrass 20% fowl bluegrass 15% Drill Seed at 12 kg/ha Broadcast Seed at 20 kg/ha northern wheatgrass 25% Canada wild rye 20% green needle grass 20% Rocky Mountain fescue (ARC Plateau) 15% prairie sand reed 10% June grass 10% Drill Seed at 8-10 kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Hay Lands Non-Native Upland Seed Mix #4 %WT Moist / Saline Seed Mix #5 %WT Sandy / Droughty Seed Mix #6 %WT intermediate wheatgrass 50% meadow brome 30% alfalfa 20% tall wheatgrass 45% slender wheatgrass (AEC Highlander) 20% western wheatgrass 25% alsike clover 10% intermediate wheatgrass 60% meadow brome 20% alfalfa 20% Drill Seed at kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Drill Seed at kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Drill Seed at kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Tame Pasture Non-Native Upland Seed Mix #7 %WT Moist / Saline Seed Mix #8 %WT Sandy / Droughty Seed Mix #9 %WT meadow brome 45% intermediate wheatgrass 30% creeping red fescue 15% alfalfa 10% creeping foxtail 15% creeping red fescue 25% birdsfoot trefoil 15% slough grass 45% northern wheatgrass 45% meadow brome 25% cicer milk-vetch 15% sheep fescue 15% Drill Seed at kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Drill Seed at kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Drill Seed at kg/ha Broadcast Seed at kg/ha Road Ditches Seed Mix #10 %WT Seed Mix #11 Use the same seed mix in bar-ditch areas as was used in the adjacent tame pasture or treed-pasture disturbances. Where disturbed bar-ditch areas are located adjacent to cultivated or hay lands, use the following mix: slender wheatgrass 50% creeping foxtail 25% creeping red fescue 25% Broadcast Seed at 20 kg/ha Cover Crop A cover crop is a fast-germinating and establishing annual/biennial or short-lived perennial species that is seeded to control erosion and limit weed growth while predisturbance vegetation is restored. Potential annual/biennial grass and cereal grain or shortlived perennial grass cover crop species include annual ryegrass, oats, barley, winter wheat, fall rye, and triticale; and slender/awned wheatgrass and Canada wild rye, respectively. Broadcast Seed Cereal Grain Species (oats, barley, winter wheat, fall rye, and triticale) at kg/ha Broadcast Seed Annual/Biennial and Short Lived Perennial Grass Species (annual ryegrass, slender/awned wheatgrass and Canada wild rye) at 8 kg/ha or 80 grams/100 m 2 EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT SEED MIXES 8288 December 2012 Detail 31b

15 Representation Only Notes: 1. An Environmental Inspector will be onsite to ensure applicable regulatory requirements are met, and ensure correct placement and design of hedge/brush layering to maintain or enhance fish habitat along unstable banks with high erosion potential. 2. At the base of the bank install a base of local cobble or imported rock to above mean water levels. Other stabilization techniques can be incorporated including: log structures, coniferous tree revetments, angular rock armouring, etc. 3. To recreate banks, install layers of soil filled biodegradable fabric (coir or equivalent) wraps. To make each layer, roll out the fabric parallel with the bank with one-third into the bank and two-thirds out (streamside). Form a step of soil cm high over the bank side fabric. Fold the stream side fabric over the soil step and firm into place. 4. Over the fabric wrap, arrange locally salvaged live shrubs with roots (alder, rose spp., etc.) with live stake material (willow, poplar, red osier dogwood) at 20 stems per meter, incorporate topsoil and firm into place. 5. Continue building layers of fabric soil wraps and live shrubs until original bank height is reached. 6. For best results, collect live shrub material during plant dormancy. Keep transplants moist and install as soon as feasible. A mixture of plant species can mimic adjacent undisturbed vegetation. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT HEDGE / BRUSH LAYERING 8288 December 2012 Detail 32

16 Representation Only Notes: 1. Install stakes of suitable species (e.g., willow, dogwood) on watercourse banks. 2. Make clean cuts with unsplit ends using pruning shears, hand saw or chain saw. 3. Select stock from bottom of branches not tips. 4. Mark basal ends to ensure correct installation. 5. Ensure at least one lateral bud above surface and three below. Plant cutting at an angle. 6. Protect material from drying out. Install as quickly as practical. 7. Trim side shoots close to main stock. 8. Use frost pin to make pilot hole. Minimize damage to stake when driving by using a neoprene lined post hole pounder or rubber mallet. 9. Install live stakes on banks and ~1.5 m back from banks for entire disturbed width of right-of-way. Representation Only Notes: 1. Salvage and replace shrubs on all watercourse banks where shrubs are present on the right-of-way. 2. Salvage whole bushes from the right-of-way during grading of banks. Ensure bulk of root mass is surrounded by soil. 3. Store salvaged shrubs on edge of right-of-way, cover with soil and do not let dry out. 4. Transplant as quickly as practical when reconstructing watercourse banks. 5. Soak the ground around the transplant with water. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT LIVE SHRUB STAKING 8288 December 2012 Detail 33

17 Representation Only Notes: 1. Trench through watercourse if dry or frozen to the bottom at the time of construction. 2. Use extra temporary workspace to allow instream spoil to be stored on the banks. 3. Install sediment and erosion control structures, as required. 4. Leave plugs at end of standard trench. 5. Trench through watercourse retaining hard plugs back from each bank until just prior to pipe installation. Stockpile all instream spoil on banks above the normal high water mark. Construct berms (e.g., subsoil, saddle weights, shotrock) to prevent saturated spoil from flowing back into watercourse. 6. Lower-in and backfill immediately. Restore stream channel to approximate preconstruction profile and substrate. Attempt to complete all instream activity within 48 hours. 7. If necessary to control water flow and trench sloughing, install temporary soft plugs and dewater trench onto stable vegetated land, not directly to watercourse. 8. Restore, stabilize and reclaim watercourse banks and approaches to as close to original grade as practicable. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING OPEN CUT METHOD FOR DRY / FROZEN WATERCOURSES 8288 December 2012 Detail 34

18 Representation Only Notes: This method applies to any watercourse with flowing or standing water (e.g., anything other than dry or frozen to bottom conditions). 1. Leave plugs at the end of the standard trench. 2. Install sediment and erosion control structures, as required. 3. Complete construction of the instream pipe section. Weld, coat and, if warranted, pretest and weight pipe prior to commencement of instream activity. 4. Retain plugs back from each bank until just prior to pipe installation. Stockpile as much spoil on banks as possible. If necessary, store spoil instream in piles avoiding areas of highest water velocity. Instream spoil should be piled in long piles parallel to flow in order to reduce erosion. Do not windrow spoil across the channel or block more than 2/3 of the channel. Maintain streamflow, if present, throughout crossing construction. Exact trenching and spoil storage requirements will depend on local conditions and equipment used. 5. If necessary to control water flow and trench sloughing, install temporary soft plugs and dewater trench on to stable vegetated land, not directly to watercourse. 6. Lower-in pipe and backfill immediately. Restore stream channel to approximate preconstruction profile and substrate. Attempt to complete all instream activity as quickly as practical. 7. Restore, stabilize and reclaim watercourse banks and approaches to as close to original grades as practical. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING OPEN CUT METHOD FOR WATERCOURSES WITH FLOWING OR STANDING WATER 8288 December 2012 Detail 35

19 Representation Only Notes: 1. Set up equipment back from the edge of the watercourse/wetland; do not clear or grade within riparian buffers except along the work side, if temporary vehicle crossing is installed. 2. Dewater the bellholes onto stable, well vegetated land, where approved, or pump water to a tank truck and dispose of at an approved facility. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING BORE / PUNCH METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 36

20 Representation Only Notes: 1. Set up drilling equipment at a suitable distance back from the edge of the watercourse; do not clear or grade within riparian buffers, except along the work side, if a temporary vehicle crossing is utilized. 2. Assign personnel to observe for an inadvertent mud release into or adjacent to the watercourse. 3. Ensure that only bentonite-based drilling mud is used. Do not allow the use of any additives in the drilling mud without the approval of the appropriate regulatory authority. 4. Install suitable containment structures (e.g., mud tanks or sumps) to prevent inadvertent mud release into or adjacent to the watercourse. 5. Install berms downslope from the drill entry and anticipated exit points to contain any release of drilling mud. Have vacuum tank truck onsite to recover excess mud when pulling back. 6. Dispose of drilling mud in accordance with the appropriate regulatory authority requirements. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILL METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 37

21 Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) See Notes on next page. Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING DAM AND PUMP METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 38a

22 Notes: 1. Stockpile all necessary materials and equipment onsite prior to beginning instream work. 2. Complete construction of the instream pipe section. Weld, coat pipe and, if warranted, weight the pipe prior to commencement of instream activity. 3. Suspend construction activities to allow for fish salvage to occur within the isolated area prior to dewatering, if warranted. 4. Ensure that all appropriate permits for fish salvage, beaver dam removal, etc. are in place prior to construction, as warranted. 5. If possible, install pumps in natural pools upstream of the excavation. Excavate a temporary sump within the construction right-of-way if no natural pools exist. 6. Install pumps and check operation to equalize flow. Screen pump intakes with screen openings no larger than 2.54 mm. Size the screen to ensure that water approach velocities do not result in entrainment or entrapment of fish. 7. Construct the upstream dam close to the edge of the temporary workspace to allow for a wide excavation. Ensure dam is impermeable by installing a polyethylene liner. Dam may be constructed with sand bags, aquadam, sheet piling or other approved material that ensures a tight seal of the bed and banks. 8. Plug the vehicle crossing culvert or construct the downstream dam. Where a bridge is used, the dam should be constructed as close to the edge of the temporary workspace as practical to allow for a wide excavation. 9. Assess the need to dewater the isolated section of the watercourse, or the trench. Ensure a tight seal around the dams prior to excavation. 10. Salvage the upper 0.5 m (minimum) of clean granular material, if present, and stockpile separately from the remainder of the trench spoil. 11. Excavate the trench as rapidly as practical. Create spoil containment sumps, if warranted, to keep spoil from flowing back into the stream channel. 12. Backfill the stream channel first pushing the silted water back into the bank excavations. Pump or drain the bank excavations while progressively backfilling from the stream channel outward. Construct water containment sumps if warranted. 13. Complete the backfill. Leave a small, shallow sump (e.g., 50 cm) on the upstream side of the downstream dam and install a pump in the sump. 14. Temporarily suspend diversion pumping and slowly elevate a corner of the upstream dam in order to allow the isolated area to fill with water. Allow silt laden water to flow into the shallow sump and be removed from the isolated area. Ensure discharge is directed to a well vegetated area. 15. Cap the upper 0.5 m (minimum) of the trench with the salvaged clean granular material. 16. Remove any accumulations of silt and sediment from the streambed. 17. Restore the bed and banks of the stream channel to preconstruction profiles. 18. Remove the downstream dam then remove the upstream dam. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING DAM AND PUMP METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 38b

23 Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) See Notes on next page. Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING FLUME METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 39a

24 Notes: 1. Size flume to handle anticipated flows. 2. Stockpile all required materials prior to beginning instream work. 3. Suspend construction activities to allow for fish salvage to occur within the isolated area prior to dewatering, if warranted. 4. Ensure that all appropriate permits for fish salvage, beaver dam removal, etc. are in place prior to construction, as warranted. 5. Install a pre-assembled flume, or construct a flume and install both an upstream and downstream dam. 6. Install additional erosion control, if required, downstream of the flume outlet. 7. Ensure a tight seal about the dam and flume prior to undertaking trench excavation. Minimize the duration of instream activities to the extent feasible, or as directed by regulatory approvals. Create spoil containment sumps or berms, if warranted, to keep spoil from flowing back into the stream channel. 8. Pump excavation as required to prevent downstream flow of silted water. Direct the pumped water onto vegetated areas well back from the watercourse. Construct water containment sumps, if warranted. 9. Backfill the stream channel first, squeezing the silted water into the bank excavations. Pump or drain the bank excavations while progressively backfilling from the stream channel outward. 10. Complete backfill and stabilize the bed; leaving a small shallow (e.g., 50 cm) sump upstream of the downstream dam. Install a pump intake in this sump. 11. Slowly elevate corner of flume (or edge of dam) and/or shut down auxiliary bypass pumps, and allow isolated channel to be flushed with water. Silt-laden water will flow into the shallow sump and then be pumped onto well-vegetated area. 12. Once isolated channel is flushed, remove downstream seal materials. 13. Remove upstream seal materials. 14. Remove the flume. 15. Restore, stabilize and reclaim banks of stream channel to preconstruction profiles. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING FLUME METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 39b

25 Representation Only Notes: 1. Install vehicle crossing, if required, on the work side edge of the right-of-way to allow for a wide excavation. 2. Ensure adequate electric power supply and adequately sized pumps to handle anticipated flow. Have standby pumps and generators capable of handling 100% of anticipated flow onsite and ready to be used if the operating pumps fail. 3. Install high volume pump (with screening as per regulatory guidelines) in pool located upstream of the excavation. Excavate temporary upstream sump in the right-of-way if no natural pool exits. Add additional pumping capacity if required. Discharge water through or into an energy dissipater into the channel sufficiently downstream of the trench to prevent water flowing back into the excavation. 4. Immediately initiate fish salvage from isolated pools. Ensure fish salvage permit(s) are acquired prior to installing pump. 5. Excavate a small sump downstream of crossing to collect silt laden waters. Install small pumps in sump and trench to discharge silt-laden water on to well vegetated soils away from watercourse. 6. Excavate trench, complete installation and backfill trench. Move hose if warranted to maintain streamflow. 7. Wash backfilled trench area into sump. Pump silt-laden water from trench onto a well vegetated area off right-of-way. Complete this step each evening prior to shutting off upstream pump, if instream work is to occur on successive days. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT WATERCOURSE CROSSING HIGH VOLUME PUMP METHOD 8288 December 2012 Detail 40

26 Representation Only Notes: 1. Riprap bank armouring may be installed on the banks of fast-flowing watercourses, or along unstable banks where a trenched crossing was implemented, unless otherwise described in regulatory approvals. 2. Proper placement and design is critical and qualified specialists will be involved in the planning and installation. 3. Remove all stumps, organic matter and work material and grade/prepare banks to a maximum slope as directed by a geotechnical engineer. 4. Construct toe trench to key in bottom of armour protection, or adopt thickened toe option. 5. Install biodegradable filter cloth or gravel filter layer, if required. 6. Place clean riprap on slope to be protected such that a well-interlocked, smooth layer is produced. 7. Riprap should be dense, durable, roughly equidimensional (not flat and thin), angular and clean, as per design. 8. Size of riprap used is dependent upon slope of bank and water velocity, as per design. 9. Key in upstream and downstream ends of the armoured bank in a manner such that it will not be outflanked. 10. Riprap should extend 0.5 m (minimum) above design flood level. If design flood level is above the top of the bank, riprap should be placed to the top of the bank. 11. Riprap should be flush with bank adjacent to the right-of-way. Adapted from CAPP et al. (2005) EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT INSTALLING RIPRAP 8288 December 2012 Detail 41

27 See Notes on next page. Representation Only EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT RARE PLANT DIRT RAMP 8288 December 2012 Detail 42a

28 CRITERIA FOR IMPLEMENTATION DIRT RAMP This procedure is suitable for use at selected sites where narrowing down is insufficient as a mitigative measure for the protection of rare plant communities on the construction right-of-way. The decision to implement this procedure will be based on plant species, construction timing (e.g., early or late summer) and suitability of other protection measures as recommended by the Environmental Inspector and Vegetation Resource Specialist. Notes: 1. Limit traffic in these areas prior to the installation of the dirt ramp in order to avoid adverse effects on the rare plant population. 2. Narrow down construction right-of-way to eliminate passing lane and fence off the feature of concern (Detail 2) until ready to construct ramp. 3. Immediately prior to construction of this section, place geotextile pads, flexnet or swamp mats on work side and spoil side, as required, to protect the rare plant population. Use biodegradable geotextile where it may be difficult to remove 100% of the fabric during clean-up activities. 4. Salvage topsoil from the trench area and place on geotextile on the opposite side of the trench from pipe lay-up and work lane. 5. Excavate trench spoil and place on geotextile pad on the work side. Spread spoil over the width of the geotextile-covered work lane to provide a work and travel area. 6. Avoid scalping vegetated ground surface when backfilling spoil, replacing topsoil and removing pads. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT RARE PLANT DIRT RAMP 8288 December 2012 Detail 42b

29 CRITERIA FOR IMPLEMENTATION TEMPORARY BRIDGE This procedure is suitable for use when the rare plants are located on the work side of the construction right-of-way in an area that does not require topsoil salvage. Representation Only Notes: 1. Limit traffic in these areas prior to the installation of the temporary bridge in order to avoid adverse effects on the rare plant population. 2. Install a temporary bridge (e.g., pre-fabricated span) to allow vehicles to cross over rare plants. Bridge length is generally limited to areas less than 30 m in length. 3. Utilize approach fills rather than cuts to minimize ground disturbance. Use a geotextile liner to prevent fine material sedimentation onto rare plants. 4. Install curb stringers of logs, dimensional lumber (e.g., square timbers), plywood or foam triangles, if warranted, to ensure that fill material does not spill onto surrounding area. 5. Remove bridge immediately after use. Remove support structures and approach fills. 6. Install other temporary bridge structures as approved by the Environmental Inspector. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT RARE PLANT TEMPORARY BRIDGE 8288 December 2012 Detail 43

30 CRITERIA FOR IMPLEMENTATION Live plant material salvage will generally consist of two types of salvage: salvage of shrubs with rootball; and salvage and transplant of rare plants. All collection, salvage and transportation of live plant material will be conducted following approval by the appropriate regulatory authority. Representation Only SALVAGE OF SHRUBS WITH ROOTBALL Shrubs for salvage will be selected by a qualified botanist/biologist and flagged prior to construction activities in that area. 1. To the extent possible, shrub salvage will be conducted during dormancy (mid-september to bud break). 2. Shrub salvage will be timed to minimize period between salvage and restoration planting. 3. Prior to salvage, prune back shrub top growth as instructed by a Vegetation Resource Specialist. Salvage shrubs using a backhoe. Remove as large a rootball as feasible. 4. Cover the rootball of the salvaged plants with burlap or geotextile. Keep the covered rootball slightly moist (but not saturated) until the plants are replanted. RARE PLANTS 1. The rare plants along the construction right-of-way that require transplanting have been identified by a Vegetation Resource Specialist and will be flagged prior to clearing. 2. A qualified botanist/biologist will select a suitable receiving site for the plant. The receiving site should be adjacent to the construction right-of-way, in an area having a similar microsite to where the rare plant had been growing. 3. Delay salvaging activities until immediately prior to construction. Cut back or prune plants to be salvaged as recommended by the Environmental Inspector in consultation with a Vegetation Resource Specialist. Salvage designated plants using a shovel or backhoe. Remove as large a rootball as feasible. Cover the rootball of the salvaged plants with burlap or geotextile. Keep the covered rootball slightly moist (but not saturated) until the plants are replanted. 4. Replant the salvaged plant in the receiving site as soon as feasible following salvage. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT RARE PLANT LIVE PLANT SALVAGE AND TRANSPLANT 8288 December 2012 Detail 44

31 Enbridge Pipelines Inc. DRAFT Pipeline Environmental Protection Plan Edmonton to Hardisty Pipeline Project December 2012 / 8288 APPENDIX F WEED AND CLUBROOT MANAGEMENT PLAN Page 177

32 WEED AND CLUBROOT MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE ENBRIDGE PIPELINES INC. EDMONTON TO HARDISTY PIPELINE PROJECT December Prepared for: Prepared by: Enbridge Pipelines Inc. Edmonton, Alberta TERA Environmental Consultants Suite 1100, 815-8th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 3P2 Ph:

33 Enbridge Pipelines Inc. DRAFT Weed and Clubroot Management Plan Edmonton to Hardisty Pipeline Project December 2012 / 8288 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION Plan Objectives RESPONSIBILITIES - REPORTING AND ACCOUNTABILITY Legislative Requirements Weed and Clubroot Management Measures MONITORING AND IDENTIFICATION Clubroot Risk Identification Weed Monitoring and Identification PREVENTION STRATEGIES Weed Prevention Strategy Clubroot Prevention Strategy County Clubroot Prevention Policies WEED TREATMENT THRESHOLDS WEED MANAGEMENT OPTIONS WEED MANAGEMENT INSPECTIONS Post-Treatment Evaluation GENERAL WEED AND CLUBROOT MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REFERENCES Literature Cited GIS and Mapping References LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix I BC Ministry of Forests Weed Distribution Codes Appendix II Weed Species of Concern in Alberta Appendix III Weed and Clubroot Disease Management Detail Appendix IV Monitoring Forms LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Weed Management Plan Responsibilities... 4 Table 2 Weed Management Legislation and Regulations... 4 Table 3 Site Risk Levels Page i

34 Enbridge Pipelines Inc. DRAFT Weed and Clubroot Management Plan Edmonton to Hardisty Pipeline Project December 2012 / INTRODUCTION Enbridge Pipelines Inc. (Enbridge) currently operates their mainline system that transports crude oil within Canada between Edmonton, Alberta and the United States border near Gretna, Manitoba. Enbridge is proposing the Edmonton to Hardisty Pipeline Project (the Project) in order to accommodate the need for increased crude oil transportation between the existing Edmonton and Hardisty terminals. The Project has been developed in conjunction with shippers to address this pipeline transportation capacity constraint. The proposed Project will enable the delivery of crude oil to other existing pipelines and facilities in the Hardisty area, including delivery onto the Enbridge Mainline system. The proposed mm outside diameter (O.D.) (NPS 36) pipeline will transport crude oil for approximately 181 km, initiating at the existing Enbridge Edmonton Terminal at NW W4M and terminating at the existing Enbridge Hardisty Terminal at SE W4M. The proposed pipeline route parallels existing linear disturbances for approximately 96.2% of its length. Enbridge is applying to the National Energy Board (NEB) under Section 52 of the NEB Act to construct and operate the proposed pipeline. The proposed pipeline route traverses the Transportation / Utilities Corridor for 10 km (6%), provincial Crown land for 1.1 km (1%) and the remaining km (93%) of its length is privately-owned agricultural land. The construction right-of-way will typically be 45 m wide, including an approximately m wide permanent easement with the remainder of the width to be used as temporary workspace. When the permanent easement and temporary workspace are taken in the entirety, it is referred to as the construction right-of-way. Additional temporary workspace will be required at select locations to accommodate construction activities (e.g., road, rail, buried utility line and water crossings; sharp sidebends; tie-ins; and locations where extra depth of cover, deep topsoil, three-lift handling or heavy grading is necessary). Enbridge will also acquire temporary workspace for Project construction needs such as stockpile sites, shoo-flies and contractor staging areas. In addition, Enbridge is applying under Section 58 of the NEB Act to construct and operate three new pump stations and associated facilities. The new pump stations will be located at the Edmonton Terminal at NW W4M, at the existing Kingman Station at SE W4M and at the existing Strome Station at SE W4M. A new booster pump is planned to be installed at the existing Edmonton Terminal at SE W4M and piping will connect it to the terminal facilities in NW W4M via a road bore under Baseline Road. Additional associated facilities and infrastructure to be installed include interconnecting piping, receiving and sending traps, new booster pump, electrical infrastructure, instrumentation controls, communication and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system equipment at the existing Edmonton and Hardisty terminals. Pending regulatory approval, construction of the pump stations and facilities is anticipated to commence as early as Q1 2014, with pipeline construction anticipated to commence in August 2014 with a Project in-service date of Q1 2015, with the exception of the Kingman pump station which has an anticipated inservice date of Q The proposed construction right-of-way lies within Strathcona, Leduc, Beaver and Flagstaff counties, as well as the County of Camrose and Municipal District of Provost. The Project is located in the Central Parkland Natural Subregion of the Parkland Natural Region and the Dry Mixedwood Natural Subregion of the Boreal Forest Natural Region (Natural Regions Committee 2006). The Central Parkland Natural Subregion occupies over 50,000 km², most of which is under cultivation. Undulating till plains and hummocky uplands dominate the landscape. Lacustrine and fluvial deposits are common with some substantial eolian deposits in the northern and eastern parts of the subregion. Plains rough fescue dominates native vegetation communities in the southern and eastern areas of the subregion with small aspen dominated communities occurring in moister habitats. Remnant native areas in the northern and western parts of the subregion are composed of aspen forest with grasslands restricted to the driest areas. Black Chernozem soils normally occur under grasslands while Dark Gray Chernozems and Luvisols generally occur in aspen forests (Natural Regions Committee 2006). The Dry Mixedwood Natural Subregion is the most southern and the warmest of the Boreal Forest Subregions in Alberta. The Dry Mixedwood Natural Subregion is dominated by level to gently undulating glacial till and lacustrine plains. Hummocky uplands are prevalent in the south where Gray Luvisols are the dominant soil type. Gleysols and Organic soils dominate wetland areas. Aspen forests with Page 1

35 Enbridge Pipelines Inc. DRAFT Weed and Clubroot Management Plan Edmonton to Hardisty Pipeline Project December 2012 / 8288 understories dominated by prickly rose, low-bush cranberry, beaked hazelnut and Canada buffaloberry are typical of the uplands. Treed, shrubby or sedge-dominated fens are common in wet areas. Jack pine typically dominates dry, well-drained areas (Natural Regions Committee 2006). This Weed and Clubroot Management Plan (the Plan) addresses Enbridge weed and clubroot management and monitoring standards, responsibilities, required legislation and management options for preconstruction, construction and post-construction phases of the Project. Enbridge will utilize a vegetation management approach that will centre on environmental stewardship - using the most environmentally appropriate and economical vegetation management methods to generate the greatest long-term benefit. This adaptive management process involves the use of various methods in a cost-effective and responsible manner to reduce the use of herbicides, promote healthy ecosystems, provide measurable results and facilitate better management of weed species. Management of woody vegetation will not be addressed since the Plan s temporal scope (the growing season prior to the commencement of construction to the end of Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring [PCEM]) will not allow sufficient time for woody vegetation to become re-established and pose a safety hazard, access constraint or trench area visibility issue. Vegetation management that focuses on woody vegetation management will be initiated at some point during the operational phase of the Project. Enbridge is committed to taking proactive measures to prevent the spread of clubroot during construction activities. Clubroot is a soil-borne disease that affects canola, mustard and other crops in the cabbage family. It is considered a pest under the provincial Agricultural Pests Act. Clubroot disease is spread through resting spores in the soil which can survive for up to 20 years. Symptoms will vary depending on the growth stage of the crop when infection occurs. Infection at the seedling stage can result in wilting, stunting and yellowing of plants. In later stages, infected plants will ripen prematurely and seeds will shrivel, which can be confirmed by checking for gall formation on roots. Canola crops that are infected with clubroot disease will also show a reduction in yield. No economically viable options currently exist to manage infestations in canola; therefore, spread prevention is the key. There are two key publicly available documents that guide the approach for pipeline construction in Alberta with regard to clubroot disease spread prevention: 1) Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP), July 2008, Best Management Practices for Clubroot Disease Management; and 2) Alberta Clubroot Management Committee, February 2008 (revised in 2010), Alberta Clubroot Management Plan. In addition to the vegetation and clubroot disease management activities planned for the Project, a PCEM Program will be developed to verify reclamation and revegetation success and the effectiveness of reclamation and vegetation management methods and measures. During the five year PCEM Program, deficiencies observed with regard to vegetation establishment and management will be reported to Enbridge, in each monitoring year, within the PCEM Environmental Issues List for the Project. In addition to documenting monitoring deficiencies, the Environmental Issues List will propose alternative or supplemental methods or measures to enhance the success of vegetation establishment and management, where warranted. The purpose of the Plan for the Project is to provide guidelines to prevent the potential spread and manage occurrences of provincially-regulated Prohibited Noxious and Noxious weeds and species of concern and prevent the spread of clubroot along the proposed construction right-of-way during preconstruction, construction and post-construction phases. Management of weeds and clubroot disease is of paramount concern to Enbridge. The Plan will be based on the following six key components: prevention; identification; monitoring; treatment thresholds; treatment options; and evaluation. The scope of Plan implementation will be determined by the outcome of the weed survey for the Project. In spring/summer 2013, a weed survey and supplemental rare plant surveys will be conducted in support of the Project to identify weed and rare plant occurrences along the proposed pipeline route. Where warranted, mitigation will be implemented to reduce the potential spread of known weed occurrences during construction. In addition, rare plant occurrences will be addressed to avoid damage to rare plants located on or adjacent to the construction right-of-way during construction or vegetation management Page 2

36 Enbridge Pipelines Inc. DRAFT Weed and Clubroot Management Plan Edmonton to Hardisty Pipeline Project December 2012 / 8288 activities. Details of occurrences and required mitigation following the completion of the weed and rare plant surveys in 2013 will be provided in a document filed with the regulator prior to construction. 1.1 Plan Objectives The purpose of the Plan is to manage Prohibited Noxious and Noxious weeds, weed species of concern and clubroot that could impact land capability and future land uses in addition to adversely affect regulatory, Crown and environmental requirements. The Plan has been prepared to address a number of important objectives as determined by Enbridge. Plan components will be implemented, where warranted, and where it is determined that weed and clubroot management measures are required, specific activities designed to support these measures will be provided to address the scope of each of the following objectives: ensure compliance with Enbridge policies, environmental standards and guidelines; implement the most environmentally appropriate and economical weed and clubroot management methods to generate the greatest long-term benefit; landowner, general public and regulator perception should be considered when weed and clubroot management activities are being planned; efficiently and effectively manage weeds and clubroot in a manner that meets all legislative requirements and commitments to business partners and stakeholders; protect environmental resources and ecologically sensitive areas; ensure safe working conditions and public safety; and maintain and build Crown and stakeholder relationships. Page 3