International Year of Sanitation 2008 and NAD Provincial AMPL. Banda Aceh 12 May 2008

Transcription

1 International Year of Sanitation 2008 and NAD Provincial AMPL Banda Aceh 12 May 2008

2 MDG 7 target 7c Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation

3 Linkages to MDGs 1. Poverty and Hunger Sanitation and hygiene 2. Universal primary education 3. Gender equality 4. Reduced child mortality 7. Access to water and sanitation 6.Combating disease: (HIV, malaria...)

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5 Why is Sanitation Important? 5 IYS Messages Sanitation is vital for human health Sanitation generates economic benefits Sanitation contributes to dignity and social development Sanitation helps the environment Sanitation is achievable

6 The sanitation situation in East Asia region as a whole on track to meet MDG targets, but significant challenges remain: too many without sanitation: 790 million without access disparities in access very high commitments matched by investments are required 36% of people without sanitation live in region East Asia Pacific Number of people unserved, 2.6 billion globally (JMP, 2006) All other regions

7 Mongolia DPR Korea Sanitation Coverage China Myanmar Laos Thailand Cambodia Viet Nam Philippines Micronesia Marshall Islands Kiribati Malaysia Palau Nauru Tuvalu Tokelau Less than 50% 50% to 75% 76% to 90% 91% to 100% Insufficient data Indonesia Timor Leste Papua New Guinea Vanuatu Solomon Islands Fiji Samoa Tonga Cook Islands Niue WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), 2006 (2004 data set)

8 Progress towards the sanitation target 630 million still without basic sanitation!

9 Disparities exist: urban/rural and rich/poor 100 Improved sanitation coverage by wealth quintiles; Indonesia Indonesia % percentage (%) Poorest 2nd 3rd 4th Richest 40% Rural Coverage Urban Coverage The richest 20% are more than four times as likely to use an improved sanitation facility as the poorest 20% Source: Indonesia DHS 2003 special tabulation

10 1. Sanitation is vital for human health Water Quality Water Quantity Sanitation % Reduction in Diarrhoea Hygiene 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Fewtrell & Colford, 2004

11 Diarrhoea Child diarrhoea rates still relatively high in region Very high disparities in prevalence within countries Diarrhoea largest single cause of child mortality in region (WHO) Diarrhoea Prevalence Rates (percentage of under fives with diarrhoea episodes in two week period) Average, high and low Cambodia (2000) Indonesia (2003) Philippines (2003) DHS surveys

12 2. Sanitation generates economic benefits

13 Tourism revenues can be put at risk by poor sanitation Tourism is a high value and fast growing source of revenue and foreign exchange in the region Tourists will not come if the drains lead to their beach

14 3. Sanitation contributes to dignity and social development Sanitation is crucial factors for school attendance and completion, in particular for girls Safe and accessible sanitation are key for dignity and equity for women

15 4. Sanitation helps the environment Open defecation Leaking shared and public toilets Uncollected garbage, littered streets and markets, flies, animals, Unsanitary dumpsites

16 Concerns about water quality About 90% of sewage and 70% of industrial waste in developing countries are discharged untreated Would you drink from this river? People do. Sewage flows into streams, rivers, lakes and wetlands, as well as coastal and marine ecosystems, fouling the environment

17 5. Sanitation is achievable! Investment of $10 billion per year until 2015 will achieve MDG Viet Nam has met its MDG drinking water target and will meet its sanitation target ahead of time The same investment could achieve universal sanitation for the entire world within one or two decades Coverage (%) Water Sanitation 68 Source: Special tabulation, 2007

18 5. Sanitation is achievable in Indonesia? & Aceh? Access to improved sanitation facilities (%) MDG target National Aceh National: from JMP; Aceh: from BPS (% of households)

19 To scale up sanitation we need to: Create supporting policy Develop low cost options Mobilize communities Work with the private sector Harness all available financing, including household-level investments

20 We have particular challenges in addressing inequity: We need to reach the poor and marginalized to address high disparity levels We need a more equitable distribution of sector funding We need increased involvement of women in all aspects of sanitation and hygiene

21 Identifies sanitation and hygiene as primary requirements for poverty reduction and economic growth Recognizes that levels of investment and political attention are not adequate for the scale of the challenge Commits East Asian countries to strive for Universal Sanitation going far beyond the MDG targets

22 We need AMPL NAD Provincial AMPL decree endorsed by governor UNICEF, Care and ADB are supporting to build the capacity for planning and coordination, monitoring and evaluation at both provincial and district levels

23 We need government initiative and funding More advocacy, IYS 2008 is a good start Government needs to be more determined Funding needs to be allocated from APBN and APBD

24 WASH in Schools needs to be strengthened UNICEF has been cooperating with TP- UKS, a pilot project is on going UNICEF WASH in Schools program has been implemented in more than 200 schools through government and NGO partners

25 Thank you!