Biochemical Methane Potential of the organic fraction of the municipal solid waste (MSW) from Santo André SP

Transcription

1 Biochemical Methane Potential of the organic fraction of the municipal solid waste (MSW) from Santo André SP Prof. Dr. Gilberto Martins Associate Professor Centre for Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences CECS Federal University of ABC UFABC

2 Agenda 1. Introduction: Municipal Solid Waste in Brazil 2. Overview of the R&D Project 3. The regional context: Greater ABC Region 4. Material and Methods: Sampling planning and gravimetric characterization of the MSW of Santo André 5. Characterization of the samples 6. Preliminary results 7. Next steps 8. Research group related to biogas project 02

3 Final disposal of MSW in Brazil Total MSW disposed (2014) Total MSW disposed (2015) 71,260,045 tons 72,543,750 tons Adequate disposal 41,700,875 ton/year 58.4% Adequate disposal 29,659,170 ton/year 41.6% Adequate disposal 42,570,268 ton/year 58.7% Adequate disposal 29,973,482 ton/year 41.3% 03

4 R&DProject: Electricity generation in combined cycles using biogas and MSW R&D project submitted by PETROBRAS to the 14/2012 ANEEEL strategic public call for the development of pilot electricity plants connected to de national grid using biogas from solid waste or waste water. (October 2013 to July 2018) 04

5 R&DProject: Electricity generation in combined cycles using biogas and MSW Conceptual design of the plant: Motogenerator of 2,5 MW running on landfill gas (24 Nm 3 /day) Production of RDF from MSW (50 ton/day) Gasification of the RDF Burning the syngas and exhaust gas of ICE to use as heat source for a 2,5 MW Rankine cycle. 05

6 Scope of the project: 1. Analysis of available technologies. 2. Simulation of the thermodynamic performance of different conceptions under various operating conditions. 3. Simulation of the plant electrical connection to the national grid. 4. Economic and financial analysis of different technical plant configurations and the influence of policies and incentives. 5. Development of laboratorial infrastructure for characterization of biomass for thermal and biochemical energy recovery processes. 6. Methodological development and implementation of sampling and characterization of MSW for thermal and biochemical energy recovery as well as its residues aiming adequate disposal. 7. Improvements in the production of biogas. 06

7 Regional Context Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP): total area: Km 2 39 municipalities 21,242,939 inhabitants (2016) Greater ABC Region (SE): Area: 828,7 Km 2 7 municipalities 2,736,638 inhabitants Santo André: Area: 175,78 Km 2 702,000 inhabitants 07

8 Methods: Gravimetric characterization of Santo André MSW and sampling strategy The sampling was planned for a 95% trust level and a 10% error, resulting in 36 collection trucks randomly selected. The waste collection campaign took place from September 2015 to February After two collection trucks from the same randomly selected area dumped the waste on a yard (about 20 tons) it was homogenized and quartered until a pile of about 2,5 tons was obtained, and the sample of 2 containers of 200 l each was collected (about 150 kg). 08

9 Methods: Gravimetric characterization of Santo André MSW and sampling strategy The sample collected was weighed then sorted in 36 different categories, which were individually weighed determining the gravimetric characterization of the area. Samples of 3 to 5 kg of the different combustible categories (organics, sanitary, paper, plastics and textile) were collected, shredded, vacuum packed, and sent to laboratory for moist determination, drying and vacuum packing again. These samples were used for the characterization of the different categories of the MSW. 08

10 Methods: Characterization of the samples Triplicates of the 5 combustible categories of the 36 collection areas were used for determination of: Bulk density (ASTM E ) Moist content Proximate analysis (ASTM E and E ) High heating value (ASTM E 711) IKA C 2000 Ultimate analysis (still being done) Thermo Scientific Flash EA For the organic fraction, characterization for biochemical processes include also: TOC (APHA, B) Shimadzu TOC-L Total/Fixed/Volatile solids (APHA, B,G and E) Lipids (AOAC, ) - Soxhlet Nitrogen Kjeldahl (AOAC, ) Biochemical Metane Potential (VDI 4630) Eudiometers/ gas analyser Landtec GEM 5000 or Bioprocess AMPTS II (still being done)

11 Preliminary results Comparison of the gravimetric results of the whole gravimetric campaign and those of the planned sampling Fraction Mass % (in 56 collection trucks ) Standard deviation (in 56 collection trucks) Mass % (in 36 collection trucks ) Standard deviation (in 36 collection trucks) Organics Sanitary Plastics Paper Textiles Others Total

12 Preliminary results Moisture content and total solids of the 36 samples of the organic fraction Average moisture= 65.75% - Standard deviation = 8.90% 11

13 Preliminary results Fixed and Volatile Solids of the 36 samples of the organic fraction Average VS= 72.23% - Standard deviation = 12.28% 12

14 Preliminary results Lipids percentage in dry mass basis of the 36 samples of the organic fraction Average lipids = 5.43% - Standard deviation = 8.90% 13

15 Preliminary results Nitrogen percentage in dry mass basis of the 36 samples of the organic fraction Average Nitrogen = 2.00% - Standard deviation = 0.34% 14

16 Preliminary results Carbon percentage in dry mass basis of the 36 samples of the organic fraction Average Carbon = 39.79% - Standard deviation = 1.40% 15

17 Preliminary results C/N ratio of the 36 samples of the organic fraction Average CN ratio =

18 [Nml biogas] [%] Preliminary results: Mesophilic BMP batch assays Dayly biogas production [Nml] and Methane concentration in biogás [%] Specific biogas production for sectorr 12D [Nml/gSV -1 ] 17

19 Preliminary results Problems: Eudiometers have shown gas leaks in the conection of the eudiometer tube with the reactor, not solved yet, even with the use of silicone grease or PTFE rings. 18

20 Preliminary results: AMPTS II (Bioprocess) We started to use the AMPTS II with preliminary batch tests using food waste from the University restaurant with different substrate/inoculum ratios, and it has shown good results. 19

21 Next steps: Perform BMP batch tests with composite samples (already in course) Perform BMP batch tests for the 36 samples using AMPTS II Conclude ultimate analysis of the remaining samples Perform BMP for semi-continuous reactors Analyse new available substrates (sugar cane vinasses, food waste, waste water) 20

22 Research group related to biogas Prof. Dr. Gilberto Martins Prof. Dra. Juliana Tofano de Campos Leite Toneli Profa. Dra. Graziella Colato Antonio Profa. Dra. Ana Maria Pereira Neto Heleno Quevedo de Lima (Pos Doc) Kelly Cristina Rosa Drudi (PhD student) Oscar Daniel Valmaña Garcia (PhD. student) Isis dos Anjos (PhD student) Bruna Patrícia de Oliveira (PhD. student) Caroline Aparecida da Silva (MSc.) Katherine Benites Bonato Marana (MSc. student) Michele Carlis Sotero (MSc. student) Karen Hidalgo (MSc. student) Renata de Almeida (MSc. student) Anelise Fraio das Neves (undergraduate student) Vanderson Rocha Macarenhas (undergraduate student) Nicolas Bruno Francisco Przyvitowski (undergraduate student) Dafne Velasquez (undergraduate student) 21

23 Thank you! Contact: 21