Evaluation of the Different Waste Treatments Versus Climate Change. Frédéric AGUESSE

Transcription

1 Evaluation of the Different Waste Treatments Versus Climate Change Frédéric AGUESSE

2 INTRODUCTION KYOTO has first generated limited awareness STERN Report AL GORE film Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change have now made necessary to evaluate activities in terms of Climate Change LCA complex and subject to interpretations Objective = evaluation of «Direct» GHG (CO 2 and CH 4 ) 1st step : Waste Composition 2nd step : evaluation of different Waste Treatments Processes and their impact on GHG Emisions and Energy production 3 rd step : GHG emissions generated by Energy Production and benchmark Conclusions 8/11/07 I I 2

3 WASTE COMPOSITION Rural Waste 4,4% 6,2% 0,5% 12,3% 32,2% Urban Waste 4,0% 13,3% 0,7% 6,4% 26,8% LargeTowns Waste 13% 4% 4% 0% 17% 5% 2,7% 3,5% 23% 11,3% 2,3% 3,2% 1,6% 8,6% 14,7% 11,2% 2,2% 3,0% 1,5% 9,6% 17,8% 13% 5% 2% 1% 13% Fermentescible waste (food&garden) Carte Sanitary textiles Plastics Glass Uncombustible no classified Paper Complex Textiles Combutible no classified Metal Special waste Average 4,1 6,8 0,5 28,6 13,1 3,3 11,1 16,1 8/11/07 I I 3 2,6 3,1 1,4 9,3

4 WASTE COMPOSITION 24,50% Waste fractions Carbon origin 43,0% 17,00% 58,50% 57,0% Biogénic origin Fossil origin Inert w aste Biogénic origin Fossil origin Energy Origin 0% 52% 48% 8/11/07 I I 4 Biogénic origin Fossil origin Inerts material

5 8/11/07 I I 5 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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7 8/11/07 I I 7 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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9 8/11/07 I I 9 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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11 8/11/07 I I 11 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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13 8/11/07 I I 13 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf MBT + RDF valorisatio Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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15 8/11/07 I I 15 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf MBT + RDF valorisatio Anaerobic digestion + landfill Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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17 8/11/07 I I 17 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf MBT + RDF valorisatio Anaerobic digestion + landfill Anaerobic digestio + EfW + compostin Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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19 8/11/07 I I 19 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf MBT + RDF valorisatio Anaerobic digestion + landfill Anaerobic digestio + EfW + compostin Pyrolyse + carbon combustion Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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21 8/11/07 I I 21 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf MBT + RDF valorisatio Anaerobic digestion + landfill Anaerobic digestio + EfW + compostin Pyrolyse + carbon combustion EfW Electricity Production Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

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23 8/11/07 I I 23 Total potential CO2 emission from waste Landfill withou gas recovery Landfill + bioga and energy recovery 1 ton of waste CO2 Fossile C02 Organic 57% 43% Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landf MBT + RDF valorisatio Anaerobic digestion + landfill Anaerobic digestio + EfW + compostin Pyrolyse + carbon combustion EfW Electricity Production EfW Hea Productio EfW CH Equivalent CO2 Kg CO2/ton of waste «Instantaneous» GHG emission Delayed GHG emission

24 8/11/07 I I Landfill without gas recovery Landfill + biogas recovery to energy Landfill reactor + biogas recovery MBT + Landfill MBT + RDF valorisation Anaerobic digestion + landfill Anaerobic digestion + composting + EfW Pyrolyse + carbon combustion POTENTIAL ENERGY PRODUCTION 2000 kwh/t of waste 1500 kwh/t of waste 1000 kwh/t of waste 500 kwh/t of waste EfW Electricity Production EfW Heat Production Heat EfW CHP Heat

25 CO 2 PRODUCTION PER ENERGY TYPE 8/11/07 I I 25

26 NET CO 2 PRODUCTION FROM EfW 8/11/07 I I 26

27 CONCLUSIONS Benchmarking is complex but tendancies as per IPCC 4 th assessment Modern Landfills have a limited carbon footprint but «net» GHG emissions remain significant Modern EfW with Energy recovery achieving the WFD Target has «net» GHG emission well below the average emission produced to generate the same quantity of Energy The main potential upside relates to the production of heat since the efficiency is then comparable to fossil fuels These results demonstrate the positive contribution of different waste treatments with energy recovery to the Sustainable development 8/11/07 I I 27