Status and Future visions of energy management in the North Sea Region Carl-Otto Ottosen

Transcription

1 Status and Future visions of energy management in the North Sea Region Carl-Otto Ottosen Department of Food Science, Aarhus University

2 GREENGROWING will reduce the carbon footprint of the greenhouse production in the North sea region. We will develop, implement and document an possibility for reducing energy use.

3 Focal points in GreenGrowing Energy saving climate Improved greenhouse designs Development of methods to detect stress tolerance Improvement of the plant material Improved use of ICT/technology Improved information to growers innovation transfer

4 Energy saving climate Knowledge that can be used now Energy saving climate by dynamic climate control of temperature (temperature integration and broader range of set points matched with CO 2 ) Tool kit to control climate Light meter, sensor for RH/Temp CO 2,

5 Energy saving climate Energy for heating and artificial lighting in Denmark Index relative to Supplementary lighting Heating * Data from ca. 180 nurseries in Denmark Energy savings Heating: 20.9% Electricity: 10.5% Total since % less energy

6 Energy saving in roses Standard climate Vanilla' grown without chemical growth regulators Energy savings 31% 0% 24% 24% 20% 14%

7 Next step - dynamic use of light Higher total light increases the carbon gain but at a cost Differences in response times of species But also depending on previous conditions

8 Dynalight - Dynamic light control Controls: 1. Weather forecasts (light level) 2. Actual electricity costs (24 hrs) 3. Photosynthesis sums Control DynaLight (Mærsk Møller et al submitted)

9 Current conclusions DynaLight Cost savings due to: Lower prices Less use of light In rose (autumn) up to 30% In commercial Kalanchoe nursery not less than 15% energy saving (in ) Last weeks total savings LED vs SONT 40% Dynamic control 60%

10 Energy saving climate Climate management for humidity control Humidity management cost energy Screen installation and energy saving wil increase the challenge Combinations of management and technology is needed Growth history affects stomata dimension and function but species and cultivar differences How much can the plants tolerate before the systems need to be regulated Which technical solution?

11 Reduced use of resources Perspectives for LED and light use LED as a direct substitution of current SONT lamps 40% energy savings with latest types Change of climate management is needed for leaf temperature control

12 LED compared to SONT Very difficult to compare LED-products Often no specifications on light output and energy use Installed Watt of no use you HAVE to use micromol at plant level

13 Energy use (electricity) LED vs SONT kwh Reduced use of resources

14 Reduced use of resources Perspectives for LED and light use Management of plant performance by spectras Trends more blue more compact plants Increased secondary metabolities with blue light Light amount is closely linked to growth rate

15 Improved greenhouse design Renovation of houses and new buildings Short term Virtual greenhouse as a tool box for renovation Screens and management change Heat storage long term Long term Covering material more reflective glass, diffuse glass, double glass but costs and flexibility ;-( Multilayer plant factories for special purposes and part of the production

16 Development of methods to detect stress tolerance Extreme climate conditions High temperature, high light and high (low)humidity = Plant stress = less yield Understand stress related physiological responses of plants Leaf temperature Photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence Stemflow Stem diameter monitoring

17 Development of methods to detect stress tolerance Models Transpiration Fotosynthesis Energy use Growth Models and sensors are needed More research and implementation is needed

18 Improvement of the plant material New selection methods for crops (phenotyping) Optimal light use Temperature tolerance (high/low) Humidity tolerance Growth performance Post harvest peformance Secures breeding material with better tolerance

19 Improved use of ICT/technology Weather forecast Timing of production Nord Pool Spot market Model based control of supplementary light

20 Improved use of ICT/technology Linking greenhouse to the society Smart grid (electricity/heat) Trade off between energy costs and plant production Virtual power plants from greenhouses Use of waste heat or selling energy Apps to make the growers decisions easier

21 Developing greenhouse horticulture Large benefits for growers irrespective of crops to increase production by using knowledge from the NorthSea Region Technology transfer can be made to most parts of Europe to save energy and cost Close interaction between research and implementation will promote innovation and development in EU

22 Developing greenhouse horticulture Research needs to make the understand of plant reactions (sensor and models) To evaluate the numerous technical solutions More translational research Understand how to grow with new (energy saving) conditions

23 Partners