PROMOTING WASTE TO ENERGY PROJECTS IN LARGE MESSING AREAS

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1 PROMOTING WASTE TO ENERGY PROJECTS IN LARGE MESSING AREAS ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY MANAGEMENT CENTRE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, GOVT. OF NCTD

2 FOOD WASTE: POTENTIAL SOURCE OF ENERGY The daily per capita solid waste generation in our country ranges from about 300 g to 500 g. As per SOE Report, 2010, the total waste generation in Delhi is approx metric tones per day. Food waste contributes to around 25-30% of the total waste generated in the city. Around 70 to 75% of waste generated by large Messing Areas, Kitchen/Canteens. Hotels, Restaurants, etc. is biodegradable 2

3 FOOD WASTE: POTENTIAL SOURCE OF ENERGY Waste comprises of two components Biodegradable(wet) waste and Non biodegradable (Dry) waste. The wet waste comprises of food, vegetable and non-veg waste whereas the dry waste comprises of plastic bottles, papers, plastic wrappers, HDPE, LLDPE bags etc. The wet waste (mostly food waste) is a major cause of mosquito breeding leading to malaria & dengue. However, this wet waste or biodegradable waste can be fermented through anaerobic digestion to generate biogas which can be utilized for cooking, heating, lighting, or generating electricity. The slurry produced is a good manure that can be used for Horticulture application. 3

4 BIOGAS PRODUCTION Biogas is a methane rich flammable gas that results from the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste material. Biogas consists of methane (60 %), carbon dioxide, and traces of other gases. Biogas can be used to produce heat or power. By-product produced during the process is a solid residue which is high-grade manure. Biogas production from biomass is considered carbon dioxide neutral and therefore does not emit additional Greenhouse Gases (GHG) into the atmosphere. Has additional advantage of treating organic waste and reducing the environmental impact of these wastes.

5 BIOGAS PRODUCTION Waste transportation cost is reduced by decentralized treatment of waste. Reduce load on fast diminishing waste dumping sites. Abatement strategy for food waste methane generation is to either capture the methane generated in the landfill and burn or use it OR Avoid such waste reaching the landfill through an alternative processing strategy could generate substantial carbon credits. Biogas production will help Govt. to combat rising menace of urban waste, global warming & earn carbon credits too. Step towards sustainable energy sources.

6 BIOGAS PRODUCTION

7 BIOGAS TECHNOLOGIES In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of waste to energy projects in the country. Various technology developers have emerged and have setup biogas plants based on biodegradable wastes, which have facilitated decentralize treatment of waste. These plants can be installed in different capacities ranging from ¼ m3 to 1000m 3 and above depending on the availability of quantity of biomass wastes. While the small capacity plants up to 2m 3 can be prefabricated, the higher capacity plants can be constructed in-situ.

8 BIOGAS TECHNOLOGIES Basically two types of digester designs are used in Biogas technology: Floating gas-holder type Fixed dome type Suitably modified designs have also been developed for treating different types of food wastes. These are: MODIFIED USAB by MAILHEM MODIFIED KVIC by BIOTECH TEAM by TERI NISARGRUNA by BARC

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10 It is an indigenously developed technology by Mailhem Engineers Pvt. Ltd. It uses Modified Upward Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (USAB) technology to treat all types of solid & liquid waste having large percentage of suspended solids It is a High rate Biomethanation technique which can treat solid waste such as canteen, vegetable, poultry and slaughterhouse wastes, etc. Biogas generated can either be used as fuel in lieu of LPG or to generate power using 100% Biogas Generator sets. 10

11 SECTOR WISE INSTALLATION RESIDENTIAL BIOGAS PLANTS KITCHEN WASTE SEWAGE WASTE WATER (Grey Water) COMBINED SEWAGE (Grey Water) & KITCHEN INDUSTRIAL BIOGAS PLANTS CANTEEN WASTE FOOD PROCESSING WASTE LEATHER SHAVINGS WASTE POULTRY WASTE SLAUGHTER HOUSE WASTE COMBINED SEWAGE (Grey Water) AND CANTEEN WASTE DAIRY EFFLUENT STARCH EFFLUENT MUNICIPAL/MIXED SOLID WASTE BASED WASTE TO ENERGY PROJECTS MIXED WASTE FROM:- VEGETABLE MARKET YARD FRUIT & FLOWER MARKET ANIMAL DROPPINGS LARGE HOTELS AND INDUSTRIAL CANTEEN UNIQUE COMBINED SEWAGE AND MSW TREATMENT PLANTS FOR MUNICIPAL BODIES

12 PROJECTS Projects executed in 25 cities in India PUNE MANGALORE BANGALORE GUJARAT

13 PORTABLE TYPE PACKAGE BIOGAS PLANT

14 No civil construction required. Pre assembled & factory tested, hence can be installed & commissioned immediately. Very Compact, hence conservation of space. Only one trained operator is required. Can be installed in the basement, parking area or even on the terraces - if structure can take the load. Easy to relocate, if required. Saving in power consumption. Modular type, hence capacity enhancement is possible 14

15 TERI s ENHANCED ACIDIFICATION & METHANATION TECHNOLOGHY (TEAM) 15

16 High rate methane producing reactor. Low Hydraulic Retention Time of 7 days. Digested waste has high NPK values. High methane content in biogas (>75%). Elimination of Scum formation - a feature in small size plants. Production of non-flowable / semisolid digested residue. Suitability for small and decentralized application Very low water requirement due to recycling within the process. Aesthetic look with low maintenance cost. No environmental impact. Successfully tested for leafy waste, food waste, press mud, foodprocessing waste, tea waste, vegetable market waste, township waste etc. 16

17 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF TEAM PROCESS Waste Shredder BIOGAS Treated effluen for recycling UASB Reactor Digested Sludge Acidification modules Dryer DRY MANURE for sale 17

18 PROJECTS CIDCO, NAVI MUMBAI GURGAON, HARYANA 18

19 MODIFIED KVIC / USAB TECHNOLOGY BY BIOTECH 19

20 FEATURES Uses Modified KVIC / USAB technology for treating biowaste at households and institutional levels. Has varying capacities starting from 1 cum.

21 ACHIEVEMENTS Domestic installations - 16,000 Nos. Toilet linked plants Nos. Institutional plants Nos. Waste to electricity projects - 42 Nos. Integrated waste treatment - 6 Nos. plants Total installed capacity per day - 22,450 Cum Annual biogas generation Cum.

22 BIOTECH PROJECTS TRIVANDRUM

23 BIOTECH PROJECTS STREET LIGHTING BY BIOGAS VEGETABLE MARKET WASTE TO ENERGY

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25 It is an indigenous and appropriate technology developed by BARC especially for Urban areas to convert municipal organic solid waste into biogas and manure. The 'Nisargruna' technology adopts biphasic reactor system wherein the first reactor is operated under aerobic and thermophilic conditions. As a result of the first feature, the universal problem of odour from waste processing biogas plants is eliminated and the second feature leads to a faster process Unlike conventional single phase digesters, which take days, a 'Nisargruna' plant can digest organic solid waste between days. 25

26 This technology can process biodegradable waste such as kitchen waste, paper, grass, gobar and dry leaves, etc. It offers Zero garbage and Zero effluent and provides high quality manure and methane gas. Weed free manure obtained from such waste has high nitrogen contents and acts as an excellent soil conditioner. This plant could be set up for ecofriendly disposal of wetwaste generated in kitchens/canteens of big Hospitals/Hotels/ Factories/residential complexes and can avoid health hazards due to dump sites. 26

27 Kitchen Waste to Biogas Plant Economics Plant Capacity Space Requirem ent Biogas generat ed m 3 /day Manure generated (20-30% moisture) Kg/day Ready to use for irrigation Liquid Fertilizer * In kiloliter Estimat ed Cost Pay back in years 200 Kg 40sq.mt lacs 3.5 to Kg 45sq.mt lacs 2 to Ton 55sq.mt lacs 1.5 to 2 2 Ton 70sq.mt lacs Less than one year

28 FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE AVAILABLE NAME OF SCHEME Waste to Energy plants (Delhi Govt.) Biogas Based Distributed/Grid Power Generation Programme (MNRE) Special Demonstration Programme (MNRE) Area SUBSIDY A subsidy to the tune to 33% of the plant cost may be availed from Delhi Govt. for thermal as well as power generation. Rs. 40,000 / Kw for 3-20 Kw Rs. 35,000 / Kwfor > Kw Rs. 30,000 / Kwfor > Kw Demonstration of Renewable Energy Systems and devices at Centralized kitchens, roadside eating joints, restaurants, etc. 50% to Govt. bodies and 25 % to private bodies

29 PROPOSAL FORMULATION Resource Evaluation Site survey Basic data collection Demand assessment Thermal purposes Power generation Choice of Technology Identification of the location Formulation of the proposal. Submission to EE &REM Centre.

30 THANK YOU