Dr Martin Griffiths 16 February 2016

Transcription

1 Dr Martin Griffiths 16 February 2016

2 Outcomes in the Environment - UK 2

3 utcomes in the Environment - India 3

4 Integrated Catchment Management - Principles Integrated Catchment Management Integrated catchment management (ICM) is at the intellectual heart of water management Rhine Commission and the Danube Commission provide best practice benchmarks from within Europe In 2000 the European Union adopted the Water Framework Directive (WFD) based on integrated Catchment Management appraches.

5 River Rhine Clean-up

6 Integrated Catchment Management - Process From - Roadmapping for Advancing Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Processes. UN-Water, GWP. 2007

7 Water Framework Directive Background Integrated catchment management in place for over 40 years There is a strong regulatory regime in place to issue permits and to ensure compliance The European Union Directives influence most standards in UK The EU Water Framework Directive provides a water planning framework for Europe for the next 30 years. 7

8 Integrated land and water management 8

9 Water Framework Directive Objectives Consolidates Integrated Catchment Management across Europe Introduces new ways of protecting and improving rivers, lakes, groundwater, estuaries and coastal waters The emphasis is on achieving good environmental outcomes It provides a structure to enable us to develop a sustainable future for our natural waters. 9 9

10 Water Framework Directive European River Basins 10

11 Water Framework Directive Purpose Prevent deterioration, enhance status of aquatic ecosystems & associated wetlands Promote sustainable water use Reduce the impacts of floods and droughts 11

12 Water Framework Directive Overview Sets the future water planning process and agenda Sets timetable Sets outcomes New ways of thinking Sustainable water management Combined Approach Ecological Standards Point and diffuse pollution Water and Land 12

13 Sustainability Social Issues Economics Environment Optimal situation 13

14 Water Framework Directive Timetable Dec 2000 Dec 2003 Dec 2004 Dec 2006 Dec 2009 Dec 2012 Dec 2015 Directive entered into force Transposition Characterise basins Publish plan for producing RBMPs Establish programme of measures Programme of measures operational Objectives met?? 3 years to prepare 6 years to analyse issues and prepare plan 3 years to put in place schemes 3 years to achieve outputs Repeat Planning Process every 6 years - Two more cycles 14

15 Water Framework Directive Regulations are in Force STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS 2003 No WATER RESOURCES, ENGLAND AND WALES The Water Environment (Water Framework Directive) (England and Wales) Regulations 2003 Made th December 2003 Laid before Parliament 11th December 2003 Coming into force - - 2nd January 2004 The Environment Agency is the Competent Authority The Secretary of State and the National Assembly for Wales, acting respectively in relation to river basin districts that are wholly in England and river basin districts that are wholly in Wales( a), and jointly in relation to river basin districts that are partly in England and partly in Wales, being designated( b) for the purposes of section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972( c) in relation to matters relating to water resources, in exercise of the powers conferred upon them by that section, hereby make the following Regulations: Title, commencement, extent and application 1. These Regulations (a) may be cited as the Water Environment (Water Framework Directive) (England and Wales) Regulations 2003 and shall come into force on 2nd January 2004; (b) extend to England and Wales; and (c) apply only in relation to river basins districts identified by regulation source not found. (d). Error! Reference Interpretation 2. (1) In these Regulations the Agency means the Environment Agency; the appropriate authority means (a) (b) (c) in relation to a river basin district that is wholly in England, the Secretary of State; in relation to a river basin district that is wholly in Wales, the Assembly; and in relation to a river basin district that is partly in England and partly in Wales, the Secretary of State and the Assembly acting jointly; the Assembly means the National Assembly for Wales; body of water means a body of groundwater or a body of surface water; (a) The t erms river basin district, England and Wales have the same meaning for this purpose as in the Regulations, and are defined in regulation 2(1). (b) S.I. 2003/2901. (c) 1972 c. 68. (d) The river basin districts identified by regulation 4(1) do not incl ude any that are partly in England and partly in Scotland. 15

16 ater Framework Directive elationship to other EU Directives European Union Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) Water Use Water Protection Daughter Directives Habitat Protection Drinking Water Directive (80 / 778 / EEC - 98 / 83 / EC) Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive ( 91 / 271 / EEC ) Sewage Sludge Directive ( 86 / 278 / EEC ) Groundwater Directive ((2006/118/EC) Habitats Directive ( 92 / 43 / EEC ) Floods Directive (2007/60/EC) Bathing Water Directive ( 76 / 160 / EEC ) Integrated Pollution Prevention Control Directive Major Accidents Directive ( 96 / 82 / EEC ) Priority Substances Directive (Proposal 2006) Birds Directive ( 79 / 409 / EEC ) Nitrate Directive ( 91 / 676 / EEC ) Plant Protection Products Directive ( 91 / 414 / EEC ) Environmental Impact Assessment Directive ( 85 / 337 / EEC ) 16 16

17 Water Framework Directive Environmental Monitoring Biological Elements Chemical Elements Hydromorphological Elements Physico-chem Elements 17

18 Water Framework Directive Good Ecological Status Objective Intercalibration Exercise: Commission Decision 2008/915/EC: Harmonised understanding of good ecological status consistent with definitions in Annex V No or { minimal Slight { Moderate{ Major{ Classes HIGH GOOD MODERATE POOR Severe { BAD Courtesy Peter Pollard, Scottish Environment Protection Agency

19 Water Framework Directive Improvement Options Integrated options for ecological improvement Physical Habitat Water Quality Flow Regime 19

20 Water Framework Directive Programme of Measures 20 An Improvement Plan A clear and public programme that aims to achieve good status Basic measures Statutory instruments Abstraction licences, effluent permits etc Supplementary Measures Incentives Codes of practice Voluntary initiatives Education Set a clear timetable Funding must be available 20

21 River Basin Management Plans Implementing Water Framework Directive River Basin Plans

22 River Basin Management Plans Update 2015 The second cycle of WFD is being progressed via an update to the first river basin plans ment/collections/riverbasin-management-planupdate#thames-riverbasin-district-rbmp

23 Water Framework Directive Public Participation 23

24 Water Framework Directive Water for Life and Livelihoods Public participation in the Water Framework Directive supply of information consultation active involvement 24

25 Water Framework Directive Water Framework Directive Management Cycle Describe basin River Basin Planning Assessment units and Baseline Risk Assessment Review Monitoring (Surveillance & Operational) Stakeholder participation Water bodies at risk =River Basin Management Programme of Measures Implementation PoM & Objectives Programme of Measures Options Appraisals 25

26 Water Framework Directive Economic Analysis 26 26

27 Water Framework Directive Economic Analysis The Costs of Environmental improvement 27

28 Water Framework Directive Economic Analysis Benefits of environmental improvement more difficult to communicate 28

29 EU Blueprint assessment and implementation

30 Water Framework Directive Conclusion Integrated River Basin Management has been essential in the protection and improvement of the water environment in UK It allows for dialogue and consultation It allows costs to be calculated and options evaluated It sets a timetable for improvement It allows scarce resources to be optimised Optimise resources within a river basin 30

31 River Basin Management Plans Thames River Basin District

32 Ecological and Biological Status Predictions

33 Thames River Basin Plan - Issues 33

34 Thames River Basin Plan - Issues 34

35 Failure against Water Framework Directive Standards,

36 UK Reasons for failure from Environment Agency s Database,

37 Water Framework Directive Conclusion Integrated River Basin Management has been essential in the protection and improvement of the water environment in UK It allows for dialogue and consultation It allows costs to be calculated and options evaluated It sets a timetable for improvement It allows scarce resources to be optimised Optimise resources within a river basin 37

38 The Challenge Ahead 38

39 Water Framework Directive Common Implementation Strategy 39

40 References Water Framework Directive Overview Environment Agency River Basin Management Plans Update Foundation for Water Research, Water Framework Directive Information Centre UK Technical Advisory Group (UKTAG) WFD CIRCA Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) Environment Agency (EA) Environment Agency, February Water for life and livelihoods. A Framework for River Basin Planning in England and Wales Summary Environment Agency, March 2005,WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE Summary report of the characterisation, impacts and economics analyses required by Article 5 - SOUTH WEST RIVER BASIN DISTRICT Environment Agency, January Water for life and livelihoods: First Cycle River Basin Management Plans EU, 2012, Blueprint for water security Environment Agency, 2013,Water for Life and Livelihoods - Highlighting issues for the second WFD Plan Griffiths, Jin Hai and Liu Dengwei, June 2013, Water 21, Water Security in China and Europe 40