Advanced gas cleaning. Sander van Paasen

Transcription

1 Advanced gas cleaning Sander van Paasen

2 ECN development targets 2 Heat and Power Bio-SNG (Green Natural Gas) Transportation Fuels and chemicals

3 Content OLGA for electricity production Duration test results with Pilot installation at ECN First results of the DEMO installation in France OLGA for Bio-SNG production (green natural gas) Motivation for ECN to work on bio-sng Duration test results with Lab installation at ECN 3

4 OLGA for electricity production

5 Motivation for OLGA Avoid tar related problems. Fouling of equipment (SNG & E) Deactivation of catalyst with soot (SNG) Wastewater production (E) 5

6 OLGA Technology (Oil gas scrubber) Tar Condensation Fines removal Tar Absorption Oil stripper Dust Liquid tar unrecovered oil tar/oil/dust separation COL W-ESP ABS STR Tar and dust free product gas Tar loaded stripper air unrecovered oil DUST LOADED PRODUCT GAS Make up oil STRIPPER AIR 6

7 OLGA installations 2002 Lab-scale 2 m n3 /h > 1400 h 2004 Pilot-scale 200 m n3 /h 900 h 2006 Demo-scale 2000 m n3 /h 100 h 7

8 Pilot duration test 15 January 10 March 2006 Project details Pilot installation at ECN Duration test of 700 hours 2 operators per shift 2 shifts per 24 hours Key data Feedstock: wood pellets 40 kw e Gas engine 180 m n3 /h of gas OLGA removed tar and dust Partners Dahlman Host Lek Habo (OLGA) (Gasifier) (Gas engine) 8

9 Gas cleaning of pilot installation (0.5 MW th ) During start up 9

10 10 Run time of equipment

11 Duration test gas composition (0.5 MW th ) Raw product gas After OLGA Before booster H 2 vol% dry 7,2 7,3 7,4 CO vol% dry 17,4 17,1 17,4 CH 4 vol% dry 4,6 4,5 4,6 CO 2 vol% dry 15,5 15,5 15,5 C 2 H 2 vol% dry 0,2 0,2 0,2 C 2 H 4 vol% dry 2,0 1,9 1,9 C 2 H 6 vol% dry 0,1 0,1 0,1 N 2 vol% dry 51,3 51,6 52,0 H 2 O vol% 14,6 14,6 1,9 Benzene ppmv dry Toluene ppmv dry Total tar mg/m n 3 dry Naphtalene mg/m n 3 dry Phenol mg/m n 3 dry 386 < 2,5 < 2,5 Dust + tar aerosols 3 mg/m n dry < 5 Tar dewpoint (measured) C ± 1 Tar dewpoint (calculated, incl aerosol) C

12 Duration test gas composition (0.5 MW th ) Naphthalene IN [mg/m n 3 ] Naphthalene OUT [mg/m n 3 ] Phenol IN [mg/m n 3 ] ,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 Phenol out [mg/m n 3 ] Operational time [hours] Operational time [hour] 0 12

13 Demo OLGA Installation Project details Location: Moissannes in France Eneria is engine supplier and plant operator Dahlman is OLGA supplier ECN delivered design data for the plant and assists during start-up and operation. Key process data Feedstock: Saw dust and Wine residue 4 MWth Fixed bed gasifier 1,1 MWe gas engine 2000 m n3 /h of gas OLGA removes fine dust + tar 13

14 Start-up of the 4 MW th (1.1 MW e ) installation Flare OLGA Gasifier Wine residue Cyclone Cooler Saw dust Gas engine 14

15 OLGA Performance Complete heavy tar removal Complete removal of phenol mg/m n 3 of light tar condensable improves in time Dust below detection limit No fouling of piping or gas engine Stable and fully automated operation 15

16 OLGA for bio-sng production

17 Motivation for bio-sng in NL electricity import nuclear 2% 1% rest 2% coal 11% oil 36% natural gas 48% (20% products from NG) Transportation NG fuels 19% 16% electricity 29% Heat 36% transportation fuels 19% NG Electricity heat 29% 36% (80% from NG) Products (40% from 16% NG) NG Primary energy source Energy products 17

18 Biomass to bio-sng biomass import SNG plant NL does not have sufficient biomass biomass import is necessary biomass will be expensive (plus ~3 /GJ) biomass will probably be wood biomass will be available at only few locations (harbours) Consequence: large-scale and high efficient Gasification biomass SNG (Substitute Natural Gas) 18

19 Process diagram for bio-sng production MILENA Cooler HGF OLGA Further gas cleaning Green Natural Gas Riser pyrolysis ± 80% BFB combustor Biomass 100% Air Flue gas Ash Tar Biomass specific technology CH 4 synthesis Gas upgrading ± 70% Available technology Duration test (70 h) with 5 kg/h Milena and 2 m n3 /h gas cleaning in December

20 Product gas composition after gas cleaning Gas composition dry basis Milena out HGF out OLGA out SACHA out H 2 vol% CO vol% CH 4 vol% CO 2 vol% sum C 2 H y vol% N 2 vol% H 2 O vol% wet Organic compounds dry basis Milena out HGF out OLGA out SACHA out Total tar 3 g/m n ,6 nm Tar dew point C nm > Benzene ppmv Toluene ppmv Milena Cooler HGF OLGA SACHA S, N, Cl compounds dry basis Milena out HGF out OLGA out SACHA out H 2 S ppmv ,0 COS ppmv 2,3 1,9 1,8 0,0 Organic sulphur ppmv nm nm 9 6 HCl ppmv nm nm 0,6 0,6 NH 3 ppmv 1481 nm HCN ppmv 72 nm 85 nm 20

21 Gas composition after methanation 50 Concentration [%] CH4 CO2 H2 CO x10 50% CO 2 40% CH Time [hours] 21

22 STATUS gas cleaning for SNG production from BIOMASS status gasifier tar removal further gas cleaning CH 4 synthesis gas upgrading 22

23 Implementation plan bio-sng MW th biomass capacity 1000 full-scale demo 0% 10% 100% SNG pilot-scale (ECN) C lab-scale (ECN)

24 Further Information Information Sander van Paasen ECN Biomass, Coal & Environmental Research T E vanpaasen@ecn.nl W Other General information: Phyllis biomass database: Tar dew point calculator: 24