Uni.System TM 1MW/4MWh. IDEA2017, June 2017, Scottsdale AZ. This presentation is copyrighted by UniEnergy Technologies. It

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1 ENERGY STORAGE Microgrids & Long-duration Energy Storage MAXIMIZING VALUE & RESILIENCY MICHAEL CARR, VICE PRESIDENT OF STRATEGIC & WESTERN SALES, UNIENERGY TECHNOLOGIES Uni.System TM 1MW/4MWh This presentation is copyrighted by UniEnergy Technologies. It may not 1 be reproduced or circulated in any form without prior written consent from UniEnergy Technologies. Copyright 2017 IDEA2017,, Scottsdale AZ

2 21 st Century Energy Global Shift to Distributed Energy Resources By 2020 the bulk of new capacity will be distributed generation Industrial + Residential 2020 Generation Transmission Substation Distribution UET Long Duration Storage = Cost Effective Reliability + Storage Renewables 2 Commercial

3 Key Drivers For Storage in Microgrid Contexts EPB Chattanooga Las Positas College Mission Produce Sandia National Lab Naval Base Ventura County Port Hueneme Avista/Schweitzer 3

4 Advanced Vanadium Flow Battery Office of Electricity 4 VO 2 Cl(H 2 O) 2 No limits on: number of cycles using 100% of stored energy No degradation for 20 years + Non-flammable V 5+ V 4+ V 3+ V 2+

5 Product Flexibility for 4hr, 6hr, 8hr solutions Decreasing Price/kWh Uni.System (4hr) 20' container Uni.System (6hr) 30' container Uni.System (8hr) 40' container 5 Increased storage duration requires no additional components beyond more e lyte. Therefore, on a kwh basis: System complexity is reduced Auxiliary power is reduced Reliability is increased Maintenance costs are reduced System footprint is reduced

6 Key Advantages of Long-Duration Flow Batteries Versatile Change Happens Full range of fast-response & long-duration (power & energy) applications, same battery Stack applications, e.g. concurrent ramping & frequency regulation No state-of-charge (SOC) or duty cycle limitations Operational from -40 o C to +50 o C Durable 20-year system life with unlimited cycles 100% capacity access over lifetime NO DEGRADATION Intrinsically Safe Zero Flammability no thermal runaway mechanisms Aqueous electrolyte zero reactivity Cost Effective Low Total Cost of Ownership (CapEx, OpEx) Capture multiple value streams 6

7 AVISTA UTILITIES PULLMAN, WASHINGTON SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABS 1MW/ 4MWh DOE Global Energy Storage Database 7 Grid-connected services - Avista Distribution Circuit - power: freq. & volt. reg. - energy: peak shaving, ramp Customer-side services - Schweitzer Eng. Lab - islanding, black start, seamless switching

8 Example of Sub-second Islanding The graphic illustrates a successful UET seamless islanding demonstration Transition from grid connected operations to islanded operations with minimal disturbance in approximately one cycle. At the beginning we are grid-tied and charging the battery with full power, and after the transition we are discharging at full power into an islanded load. Voltage Current 8

9 Naval Base Ventura County Port Hueneme U.S. NAVY S RESILIENT ENERGY PROGRAM OFFICE Customer-side services - Base Critical and Super Critical Loads - Islanding, black start, resilience (hours months) Grid-connected services - Oxnard Distribution Circuit - Power: freq. & volt. reg. - Energy: RA, peak shaving 4.5MW/18MWh + 6MW Solar PV 9

10 LAS POSITAS COLLEGE LIVERMORE, CALIFORNIA Grid-connected services - Demand Response - Ancillary Services Customer-side services - Demand Charge Reduction - Energy Arbitrage - Integrating PV - Operations Bldg. Resilience 200kW/1MWh 10

11 Las Positas 7 Day PG&E Power Profiles 11

12 Las Positas College Microgrid PG&E Rate Structure Trends, % 160% 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% PG&E Rate Shifts- E20/Primary Rate Blue- Peak Demand Charge/kW Orange- Peak Usage Charge /kwh Peak Demand Rate Peak Use Rate CLPCCD- Billings , September rate structure 12

13 Las Positas College Microgrid Projected Peak Demand Charge Management Blue- Current Purchased kw Power Red- Projected Purchased kw Power *Combining 1MWH Electrical Storage with 3200 Ton-Hrs Thermal Storage 13

14 9/8/ :00 AM 9/8/ :45 AM 9/8/2015 1:30 AM 9/8/2015 2:15 AM 9/8/2015 3:00 AM 9/8/2015 3:45 AM 9/8/2015 4:30 AM 9/8/2015 5:15 AM 9/8/2015 6:00 AM 9/8/2015 6:45 AM 9/8/2015 7:30 AM 9/8/2015 8:15 AM 9/8/2015 9:00 AM 9/8/2015 9:45 AM 9/8/ :30 AM 9/8/ :15 AM 9/8/ :00 PM 9/8/ :45 PM 9/8/2015 1:30 PM 9/8/2015 2:15 PM 9/8/2015 3:00 PM 9/8/2015 3:45 PM 9/8/2015 4:30 PM 9/8/2015 5:15 PM 9/8/2015 6:00 PM 9/8/2015 6:45 PM 9/8/2015 7:30 PM 9/8/2015 8:15 PM 9/8/2015 9:00 PM 9/8/2015 9:45 PM 9/8/ :30 PM 9/8/ :15 PM 9/9/ :00 AM 9/9/ :45 AM 9/9/2015 1:30 AM 9/9/2015 2:15 AM 9/9/2015 3:00 AM 9/9/2015 3:45 AM 9/9/2015 4:30 AM 9/9/2015 5:15 AM 9/9/2015 6:00 AM 9/9/2015 6:45 AM 9/9/2015 7:30 AM 9/9/2015 8:15 AM 9/9/2015 9:00 AM 9/9/2015 9:45 AM 9/9/ :30 AM 9/9/ :15 AM 9/9/ :00 PM 9/9/ :45 PM 9/9/2015 1:30 PM 9/9/2015 2:15 PM 9/9/2015 3:00 PM 9/9/2015 3:45 PM 9/9/2015 4:30 PM 9/9/2015 5:15 PM 9/9/2015 6:00 PM 9/9/2015 6:45 PM 9/9/2015 7:30 PM 9/9/2015 8:15 PM 9/9/2015 9:00 PM 9/9/2015 9:45 PM 9/9/ :30 PM 9/9/ :15 PM Las Positas College Microgrid Impact of Suggested Changed Time of Use Periods PG&E Demand in kw-sept 2015 Las Positas College Off Peak Part Peak Peak Part Peak Off Peak Part Peak Peak Part Peak Off Peak Current kw Demand With Storage kw Demand 14 Blue- Current Purchased kw Power, Red- Projected Purchased kw Power

15 Las Positas Microgrid - Savings Rate Schedule Months KW Reduction Per kw Rate Savings Summer Monthly Max KW KW $14.44 $34,656 Peak Max KW KW $19.34 $46,416 Park Peak Max KW KW $ 5.17 $12,408 Winter 400 KW Monthly Max KW $14.44 $34,656 Park Peak Max KW $ 0.13 $ 312 ESTIMATED TOTAL ANNUAL SAVINGS $128,448 *PG&E E-20 NEMMT- Primary Firm Rates, October

16 Evaluating the Cost of Energy Storage Market Trend 16 June 1017

17 Evaluating the Cost of Energy Storage Standard approaches for evaluating the cost of energy storage: Present Value Installed Cost ($/kwh Installed) Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS), Energy (LCOE) Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) A simple definition of $/kwh Installed: CapEx + NPV of OpEx AC energy rating of the system = $ kwh A simple definition of TCO/LCOS: CapEx + NPV of OpEx Total energy deployed over system life = $ kwh 17

18 20-YEAR NPV 20-YEAR IRR Financial Performance vs. Degradation Case study compares the financial performance of the project vs. battery degradation Facility Type: Manufacturing Plant Location: CA Application: Demand Reduction Tariff: PG&E E-20 System Size: 1 ReFlex Incentives: SGIP + MACRS System Installed Cost: $338,256 0% Annual Degradation: 21.6% IRR $345,942 3% Annual Degradation: 17.36% IRR $200,401 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% $400,000 $300,000 $200,000 $100,000 $0 20-Year IRR vs. Degradation 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 8% 10% DEGRADATION 20-Year NPV vs. Degradation 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 8% 10% DEGRADATION Assumes ESS Replacement at year 10 for 3% degradation or more (50% original CAPEX) 18

19 20-YEAR NPV 20-YEAR IRR Financial Performance vs. Efficiency Case study compares the financial performance of the project vs. battery efficiency Facility Type: Manufacturing Plant Location: CA Application: Demand Reduction Tariff: PG&E E-20 System Size: 1 ReFlex Incentives: SGIP + MACRS System Installed Cost: $338,256 70% eff: 21.6% IRR $345,942 85% eff: 22.8% IRR $377,096 NPV 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% $500,000 $400,000 $300,000 $200,000 $100,000 $0 20-Year IRR vs. Battery Efficiency 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% BATTERY EFFICIENCY 20-Year NPV vs. Battery Efficiency 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% BATTERY EFFICIENCY 19

20 Questions? Michael Carr Vice President of Strategic & Western Sales UniEnergy Technologies, LLC Washington Governor SnoPUD Dedication Event, March